Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Tuberculosis continues to be a significant public health concern in India, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged populations. This paper presents a detailed socio-economic, occupational, and geographical analysis of 418 TB patients in Arunachal Pradesh based on fieldwork conducted in 2021-2022. The findings indicate that students (47.36 per cent) and unemployed individuals (17.7 per cent) are the most affected occupational groups, while families dependent on small businesses and agriculture are disproportionately vulnerable. Nearly half of the TB-affected households earn less than INR50,000 annually, underscoring the correlation between poverty and TB. Furthermore, the study identifies a higher prevalence of TB in rural and remote districts, with significant barriers to healthcare access and transport. Pulmonary TB (82.53 per cent) dominates the case distribution, but extra-pulmonary TB (17.46 per cent) remains a considerable concern. The study recommends tailored, income-sensitive public health interventions to address the socio-economic and spatial inequities that shape the TB burden.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Socio-economic inequality, Occupational health, Rural health, Arunachal Pradesh, Pulmonary TB, Extra-pulmonary TB

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Astrological Critical Analysis of Major Unexpected Crashes in Indian Stock Market History

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Indian Stock Market, Unexpected Fall, Astrology, Planetary Positions, Market Psychology, Interdisciplinary Studies, Market Volatility, Investment Behavior

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Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) form the cornerstone of quality assurance in the pharmaceutical industry, ensuring that medicinal products are consistently produced and controlled according to established quality standards. Compliance with GMP is critical for safeguarding patient safety, maintaining product efficacy, and ensuring regulatory approval across global markets. However, the pharmaceutical industry faces increasing regulatory scrutiny due to evolving guidelines, frequent inspections, globalization of supply chains, and rising concerns related to data integrity and quality culture. Regulatory agencies worldwide continuously update GMP requirements to address technological advancements and emerging risks, which poses significant compliance challenges for pharmaceutical manufacturers, particularly in developing economies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of GMP principles and examines the regulatory frameworks governing pharmaceutical manufacturing. Major GMP requirements, common compliance challenges, and inspection-related deficiencies are discussed in detail. The impact of regulatory non-compliance on product quality, business sustainability, and public health is also highlighted. Furthermore, the review explores future perspectives, including digitalization, risk-based regulatory approaches, and the role of advanced technologies in strengthening GMP compliance. This article aims to provide a clear understanding of current GMP expectations and regulatory challenges, serving as a useful reference for academia, industry professionals, and regulatory stakeholders.

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Good Manufacturing Practices, Regulatory Compliance, Pharmaceutical industry, Quality Assurance, Validation, Regulatory Inspection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study examines the impact of capital structure on the profitability of listed Indian hospitals during the period 2016-2025. The sample consists of 11 hospitals listed on BSE and NSE, selected based on revenue and data availability. Total Equity to Total Assets (TETA) and Total Liabilities to Total Assets (TLTA) indicate capital structure, and Return on Assets (RoA) is the dependent variable used to measure profitability. Control variables include Tangibility (TANG), Tax (TAX), Current Ratio (CR), Business Risk (BR), and Inflation Rate (IR). Panel data regression is applied to analyse the relationship, and the Hausman test supports the use of the random effects model. The findings show that hospitals keep a healthy balance between liabilities and equity. Liquidity has a negative correlation with RoA, while tangibility and tax have a positive impact on profitability. Overall, the results indicate that increasing profitability in the Indian hospital sector requires an ideal financing structure as well as effective asset and liquidity management.

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Capital Structure, Profitability

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This comprehensive review examines the multidimensional landscape of customer perception towards life insurance products, synthesising findings from 76 empirical studies and systematic reviews conducted across diverse geographical contexts. The study reveals that customer perception and purchasing behavior in life insurance is influenced by eight broad categories of antecedents: demographic factors (age, income, education, family size), psychological determinants (risk perception, attitudes, trust), social influences (subjective norms, word-of-mouth, agent behavior), service quality dimensions (reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangibility), economic variables (premium affordability, financial literacy, income adequacy), product attributes (customization, flexibility, returns), distribution channel characteristics (bancassurance, direct sales, agents), and technological factors (digital platforms, online accessibility).

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 Keywords

Premium Affordability, Financial Literacy, Bancassurance, Risk Perception, Online Accessibility

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Stroke ranks as the second leading cause of death in India, with approximately 1,85,000 cases occurring annually. A common consequence of stroke is hand paralysis, necessitating effective rehabilitation strategies such as Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for hand prehension. Existing commercial FES devices often pose usability challenges due to manual operation via touchpad or buttons. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning-based approach using the YOLOv8 algorithm for object detection to facilitate multiple grasp types and control an electrical stimulator for assisting grasping. Our algorithm tracks hand and object positions, selecting appropriate grasp types based on proximity to the hand. Upon selection, an ESP32 BLE device, which imitates specific behaviors of a custom FES stimulator, executed predefined stimulation sequences to enable the user to grasp nearby objects. This contactless, vision-based solution holds promise for home-based stroke rehabilitation by eliminating setup complexities and reducing dependence on caregivers. Future research will integrate this model with FES devices, evaluating its efficacy in restoring hand movements among stroke patients.

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Object detection, object tracking, yolov8, ble device, esp32, functional electrical stimulation, grasp mechanism, web application, human-machine interface

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ovarian cyst, Torsion, Salpingo-oophorectomy, Laparoscopy.

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The various traditions of yoga and their practical and spiritual implications for human life

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Yoga, Traditions of Yoga, Physical Health, Mental Health, Spiritual Development, Contemporary Relevance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Invisible Labour refers to the work that is undervalued, unrecognised and often not included in the economic measurement. This is especially evident among women employed in India in the unorganised sector, where informal employment coexists with considerable unpaid care and substantial domestic obligations. This research paper aims to examine the socio-economic issues confronting women in the unorganised sector through the lens of invisible labour. With extensive use evaluation of secondary data and government policy reports, the paper highlights key challenges such as persistent gender based discrimination, job insecurities, low and irregular wages, limited or no access to social protection and lack of safe working conditions. The study focuses on heightened economic vulnerability of women labour and its duality in form of exclusion from formal economic statistics and social undervaluation of unpaid care work. The paper concludes with the emphasis on urgent need of effective gender-sensitive labour policies, comprehensive social security coverage and societal recognition of unpaid work to ensure inclusive development and economic justice.

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 Keywords

Invisible Labour; Informal Sector

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition