Volume 12 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Now-a-days, the most occurring problem is hair fall, so the main aim of the study is to reduce hair fall and promote hair growth. The main ingredient in this study is fermented rice water (Oryza sativa) which contains many antioxidants when compared to the plain rice water.The herbal shampoo was formulated using some of the traditional herbs like Hibiscus-rosa-sinensis, Aloe vera along with fermented rice water in different concentrations and evaluated for various parameters. The evaluation results of the herbal shampoo had shown better results, which is ideal to use, safe and effective in the treatment of hair.

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Hair growth, Aloe vera, Oryza sativa

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The most common odontogenic cystic lesions of inflammatory origin are the radicular cyst. Since the lesion consists of a pathological cavity that is often filled with fluid and is walled by epithelium, it is a true cyst. The epithelial lining is formed from Malassez's epithelial remnants, which grows more as a result of the inflammatory stimulation from a pre-existing granuloma. It is also known as a root end cyst or peri apical cyst. The majority of cases are asymptomatic and frequently involve a non-vital teeth. Radicular cysts are unintentionally found during a normal radiography checkup. This case report focuses on a huge radicular cyst in the upper left anterior maxillary region, that occurred due to trauma following a fall and caused breach of cortical plates in the labial and palatal region with a history of longer duration.

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 Keywords

: Odontogenic cyst, Radicular cyst, trauma.

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The Nunudere River bridge is located at the Baguia post administrative, Baucau Municipality. In calculating the structure of this bridge, the dimensions used are railing 150/200 mm, sidewalk width 600 mm, traffic road width 6000 mm, bridge floor slab thickness 200 mm, the diaphragm 300/500 mm, girder 450/900 mm, and span length 13,200 mm. Furthermore, the materials used are concrete and reinforcing steel. The compressive capacity of concrete is 30 MPa and the tensile capacity of steel is 400 MPa. The maximum moment obtained at the support pillar was 2.86 KNm and the transverse force was 2.86 KN, on the sidewalk slab the moment was 15,124 KNm, on the floor slab the moment was 67.6192 KNm (M-support) and 60.20852 (M-field), on the main girder the moment was 1937.2 KNm and the transverse force was 599.3 KN, in the transverse girder (diaphragm) the moment is 55,864 KNm and in the transverse girder 153,455 kN. Thus, the dimensions of the concrete reinforcement for the main reinforcement pillars are 4?10 and stirrups ? 6 - 450 mm, the pavement slab with longitudinal reinforcement ?16 - 300 mm and transverse reinforcement ? 13 - 700 mm, the traffic floor slab with longitudinal reinforcement ? 13-200 mm and transverse reinforcement ? 16 - 150 mm, in the transverse beam (diaphragm) 4 main reinforcement ? 22 and 2 compression reinforcement rods 2 tensile reinforcement rods with stirrup reinforcement ? 10-200 mm. 13?32 main girders and 3 compression reinforcement bars, 10 tensile reinforcement bars. Apart from that, shrinkage reinforcement with 4 ? 12 - 200 mm and stirrup reinforcement ?12-120 mm and 200 mm is installed in the girder body.

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Bridge, reinforced concrete, reinforcing steel

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The emergence of the digital revolution has significantly changed the financial landscape in India, with major consequences for individual investors. This study explores the complex effects of digitization on the actions, choices, and results of retail investors in India. This study attempts to provide a thorough overview of these changing dynamics and understand the impact of digitization on the financial decisions made by retail investors through a thorough review of the body of existing literature. At the same time that internet accessibility has increased and mobile-based financial services have proliferated in India, initiatives like Digital India have played a critical role in advancing digital financial inclusion. Careful examination of the corpus of research points to a progressive move away from traditional investment strategies and toward digital platforms. As more and more retail investors use digital financial services, things like ease of use, accessibility, and up-to-date information become critical. Under the direction of the Securities and Exchange Board of India, regulations have been modified to allow for digital investment platforms while maintaining investor protection and transparency (SEBI). The conclusions drawn from the literature review are supported by statistical analyses of market trends and highlight the revolutionary effects of digitization on the behaviour of retail investors, including risk management, investment preferences, and trading frequency. The purpose of this study is to provide insightful information to help investors make wise choices when it comes to investing in digital assets. Furthermore, it aims to enhance understanding of the significant impact of digitization on Indian retail investors. The paper also emphasizes how important regulatory bodies are in dealing with cybersecurity, data privacy, and transparency issues in the rapidly changing digital financial industry. Future studies may examine the long-term effects of digitization on retail investors' financial security in addition to the dynamic role that fintech and digital platforms play in the Indian investment landscape.

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 Keywords

Automation, Small Investors, Inclusive Finance, Online platforms, Investment Behaviour, AI Driven Investment

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Transdermal films and patches are pharmaceutical preparations designed to prolong drug delivery to the skin to achieve a systemic or local effect respectively. Transdermal patches provide a wide range of advantages over oral and intravenous drug delivery and provide controlled drug delivery. Although the transdermal drug delivery system provides various advantages it has to face a strong barrier of skin stratum corneum. The current review concisely discusses the stratum corneum barrier, Polymers in the transdermal drug delivery system, Penetration enhancers, and evaluation of transdermal patches.

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Transdermal drug Delivery, Stratum corneum, Polymers, Penetration enhancer, Matrix, Reservoir

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 Abstract

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Recent advancements in transdermal drug delivery have generated interest in finding alternatives to traditional method like needle, creams, and patches. The outer layer of skin known as the stratum corneum, often hinders effective drug delivery, limiting its effectiveness. Microneedles offer a promising solution by creating tiny pathway through the skin, allowing drug to be deliver to the upper layers of the skin. This review cover the various potential uses of microneedle in the field of biomedicine and also discusses different type of microneedle, such as solid, dissolving, hydrogel, coated, and hollow ones which are made from specific material and methods. These microneedle are now being used in various area, such as delivering oligonucleotides, vaccine, insulin etc.

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Microneedle, Drug Delivery, Biosafety, Microneedling, Hydrogel

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E-Teaching and E-Learning is the new word in learning strategy. The main objective of the present study is to know the attitude of the teachers towards E-Teaching and E-Learning. The present study consists of private and Government school teacher of Dharawad district as a sample and random purposing sampling technique is used for data collection and the result shows that private school are having higher competency level in comparison to govt. school with new technologies of education but there is no encouragement and emphasis is given by administration and principal on teacher to use new technology.

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Attitude, School Teacher, E-Teaching and E-Learning

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The National Education Policy (2020), as transformative as it is, has been trying to revamp the education system of our country while catering to all the aspects of teaching and learning at all levels. The policy considers language an important aspect in the transaction of teaching-learning process and have suggested certain measures to promote multilingual approach to education, where learners learn in their mother tongue or local/home/regional language alongside other languages. National Education Policy 2020 (NEP-2020) has laid numerous recommendations for the promotion and preservation of Indian languages, aiming to preserve rich cultural and traditional values while integrating local languages in early learning stages. The purpose of this study is to better comprehend NEP-2020's role in promoting multilingual education and Indian languages, for which the provisions given under NEP 2020 for 'Multilingualism and the Power of Language' are highlighted in the paper. Thus, through comprehensive analysis of NEP 2020's key provisions for multilingualism and power of language and reviewing relevant researches this paper highlights the positive aspects in the blue print and mechanism employed by the Government of India for bringing multilingualism to Indian classrooms. The paper finally focuses on the limitations which the implementers or stakeholders may face when employing the multilingual approach in school education.

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Language, Mother Tongue, Multilingualism, NEP 2020, School Education

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Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is a financial inclusion scheme launched by the Indian government in 2014 to provide universal access to basic banking services. Prior to PMJDY, only 58.70% of adults had bank accounts and financial exclusion was high in rural areas. The scheme aimed to give everyone access to a bank account, direct benefit transfers, credit, insurance and pensions. As of March 2023, 48.69 crore PMJDY accounts have been opened, with public sector banks accounting for 78% of accounts. This has led to increased financial inclusion, better delivery of government subsidies, access to credit for the rural population and a culture of savings and growth. PMJDY is one of the largest financial inclusion initiatives in the world. This research paper analyzes the performance and impact of PMJDY on financial inclusion over the years. Further efforts should focus on digital financial literacy and infrastructure development in remote regions. PMJDY has played a seminal role in advancing financial inclusion and last-mile delivery of banking services. However, there are still significant gaps in usage and active engagement of these accounts. Active usage, livelihood linkages and maintaining continuity of engagement remain work in progress requiring concerted long-term interventions from all stakeholders.

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 Keywords

PMJDY, Financial Inclusion, Rural, Banking

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition