Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

This thesis digs into how Indian foreign policy has shifted since the end of the Cold War, focusing on India's rise in global politics. People usually talk about India as a big new power, but there's more going on beneath the surface. If you look at it through structure-agency theory, you see a push and pull between the limits India faces from the international system and the choices its leaders make at home. India's growing resources and its ideas about how things should be have both tangled together to shape its foreign policy in ways that aren't always straightforward. Ever since independence, India wanted to play a leading role on the world stage, but outside pressures and problems closer to home kept holding it back. Even after 1998, when India's global standing really shot up, the country still found it tough to turn its new advantages into real leadership in South Asia. This study shows that in the post-Cold War world, India's foreign policy is a clear example of how a country's actions abroad grow out of both the world around it and the choices it makes for itself.

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 Keywords

Indian Foreign Policy, Post-Cold War, Structure-Agency, Global Politics, Strategic Power, Ideational Forces

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Cloud computing environments increasingly support cloud-native and microservices-based applications that exhibit highly dynamic and burst-prone workload patterns. Conventional threshold-based autoscaling mechanisms are inherently reactive and frequently suffer from delayed resource provisioning, poor utilization efficiency, and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations during sudden demand fluctuations. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes an AI-driven predictive analytics framework for proactive cloud resource management that integrates time-series workload forecasting with cost-aware optimization. The proposed framework employs Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to predict short-term workload variations and a reinforcement learning (RL)-based decision engine to derive adaptive autoscaling policies that jointly optimize performance, resource utilization, and operational cost under SLA constraints. Unlike existing approaches that address workload prediction or cost optimization in isolation, the proposed model enables closed-loop, multi-objective optimization through continuous feedback-driven learning. The framework is evaluated using benchmark cloud workload traces and a production-like containerized cloud deployment. Experimental evaluation is conducted using publicly available benchmark workload traces and a containerized cloud testbed emulating real-world deployment conditions. Results averaged over multiple execution runs demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces average response time by 25-30%, demonstrates resource utilization by 18-22%, and lowers operational cost by 15-18% compared to conventional threshold-based autoscaling, while maintaining SLA compliance above 98%. These results confirm that integrating predictive intelligence with adaptive decision-making significantly enhances scalability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in modern cloud environments.

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Index Terms- Artificial Intelligence, Predictive Analytics, Cloud Computing, Proactive Autoscaling, Reinforcement Learning, Resource Optimization, Cost-Aware Cloud Management.

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Background: Influenza (common flu) is a highly contagious viral respiratory illness with increased morbidity in the paediatric age group. Children play a significant role in community transmission. Conventional antiviral therapy is often associated with adverse effects, creating the need for safer therapeutic alternatives. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized homoeopathic medicines in the treatment of common flu in children aged 2-12 years. Materials and Methods: An open-label prospective clinical study was conducted on 60 clinically diagnosed paediatric cases of common flu. Cases were assessed before and after treatment using the Flu/Influenza-like Illness Symptom Assessment Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test. Results: Post-treatment assessment showed a statistically significant reduction in symptom scores (t = 10.60, p < 0.001). Allium cepa was the most frequently prescribed medicine, followed by Arsenicum album, Sabadilla, Belladonna and Aconite. Conclusion: Individualized homoeopathic treatment was found to be effective in the management of common flu in the paediatric age group.

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Common flu, Influenza, Homoeopathy, Paediatrics, Open-label study

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Background: The brachial plexus, a sophisticated network of nerves, plays a pivotal role in clinical anatomy, surgery, and anesthesia, as it is responsible for the motor and sensory innervation of the upper limb. This neural network, which arises from the anterior rami of the C5 to T1 spinal nerves, navigates intricate anatomical regions prior to diverging to innervate the integumentary system and musculature. Aim: To determine the study of brachial plexus anatomical variations in the Indore region variations in its formation, branching, and running. Materials & methods: The study examined the anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in deceased humans, analyzing forty cadavers aged 50-85. It focused on development, branching, and trajectory, and documented variations such as root formation, cable configuration, and nerve trunks. The study also compared conventional descriptions to cadaveric findings. Results: The study found that the frequency of brachial plexus branching mutations was highest in a classic M pattern in 29 out of 80 samples. Other mutations included the common trunk of medial brachial cutaneous nerve, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, medial pectoral nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, ulnar nerve and brachial branches, musculocutaneous nerve, and posterior cord giving brachial branches to median nerve. Conclusion: The study of brachial plexus differences in cadaver samples emphasizes the importance of understanding nerve structure differences, which can improve surgical, anesthetic, and rehabilitative practices, aid in precise diagnosis and treatment, and patient care quality.

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Medial brachial cutaneous nerve, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, medial pectoral nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, ulnar nerve, brachial branches.

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India's pursuit of becoming a "Vishwa Guru" (world leader or global teacher) has been a cornerstone of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision in the realm of Indian foreign policy. Rooted in India's ancient civilization and its values of peace, diplomacy, and non-violence, Modi's dream of establishing India as a moral and strategic leader globally has gained significant momentum, especially in the context of relations with Asian countries. Over the past decade, Modi's diplomatic strategies, such as "Act East Policy" and the promotion of regional economic, security, and cultural cooperation, have helped India enhance its influence. India has strengthened ties with key Asian nations like Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN members, while balancing relationships with powers like China and Russia. This rise in diplomatic clout, coupled with India's global stance on issues like climate change, digital transformation, and global peacekeeping, indicates that India is closer to achieving the status of a "Vishwa Guru." However, challenges remain, such as regional conflicts, geopolitical rivalries, and the necessity for domestic reforms to sustain its growth and leadership in Asia.

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Vishwa Guru, Narendra Modi's vision, Indian foreign policy,

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Background: The brachial plexus constitutes a complex network of nerves responsible for innervating the upper limb with both motor and sensory signals. This network arises from the spinal nerves located in the cervical and upper thoracic segments. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in cadavers. Materials & Methods: The study examined the brachial plexus anatomy using forty cadavers. It focused on development, branching, and trajectory, using conventional techniques and magnification. The study recorded anatomical differences including root formation, trunk formation, cord arrangement, divisions, and additional nerve trunks. Digital photographs were taken for further analysis and documentation. Results: The brachial plexus was found in 92% of specimens, with 36% showing deviations in trunk configuration. The most frequent variant was classical "M" pattern (80% of cases), with 4% involving fusion of middle and lower trunks. Divisions and consistent but asymmetric branching patterns were observed in 7% of cases. The medial cord formed in 64% of cases, and an auxiliary lateral cord was noted in 6%. Variations in the median nerve development were noted in 6% of cases, including absence of musculocutaneous nerve in some specimens. Conclusion: Cadaveric investigations reveal variations in the brachial plexus anatomy, highlighting the importance of understanding these differences for surgical, anesthetic, and rehabilitative procedures, particularly in the neck, shoulder, and upper limb regions.

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Upper limb, brachial plexus, spinal nerves, anatomical variations

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Despite the growing emphasis on inclusive education within national and international policy frameworks, the everyday classroom realities of students with disabilities (SwDs) in higher education continue to reflect persistent forms of exclusion. A dedication to equity, flexibility, and accessibility is expressed in laws like India's National Education Policy (2020) and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (2016). However, there is still a lack of consistency in how these principles are used in the classroom, especially when it comes to the use of technology and the role that educators play in fostering inclusive learning environments. This study goes beyond policy rhetoric to highlight lived realities by critically examining how technological tools and instructor attentiveness jointly impact SwDs' classroom learning experiences. Based on in-depth qualitative interviews with SwDs and institutional observations, the study documents how students interact with lectures on a daily basis, as well as how the--by monitoring pupils, modifying their teaching methods, and proactively guaranteeing accessibility--were perceived as far more inclusive.

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Students with Disabilities, Inclusive Education, Higher Education, Classroom Practices, Assistive Technology, Educational Technology, Teacher Attentiveness, Inclusive Pedagogy, Lived Experiences, Accessibility, and Disability Studies

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Abstract This research paper discusses two highly innovative and relevant areas of modern mathematics: (1) The role of Artificial Intelligence in mathematical research (2) The progress made in the 3-Dimensional Kakeya Conjecture in 2025 This study demonstrates how AI-based technologies are revolutionizing mathematical theories, proofs, and the solutions to complex problems.

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Keywords: AI, Mathematical Research, Progress, New Possibilities!

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered infections during pregnancy and poses serious risks to both mother and fetus if left untreated. Early identification of risk factors is essential for prevention and effective management. Objectives: 1. To assess the incidence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected rural hospitals of Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh. 2. To identify the associated factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women. 3. To determine the association between urinary tract infection and selected socio-demographic variables of pregnant women. 4. To determine the association between urinary tract infection and selected obstetric variables of pregnant women. Methods: A hospital-based descriptive study was conducted among 120 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected rural hospitals of Barabanki district. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and laboratory urine examination reports. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection was found to be 26.7%. Major associated factors included poor perineal hygiene (61%), inadequate water intake (55%), anemia (46%), previous UTI history (40%), and multiparity (34%). Significant association was observed between UTI and gestational age, hemoglobin level, and hygiene practices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Urinary tract infection remains a common health problem among pregnant women. Strengthening antenatal screening and educating women about preventive measures can significantly reduce maternal and fetal complications.

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 Keywords

Urinary tract infection, Pregnancy, Antenatal women, Risk factors, Rural health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered infections during pregnancy and poses serious risks to both mother and fetus if left untreated. Early identification of risk factors is essential for prevention and effective management. Objectives: 1. To assess the incidence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected rural hospitals of Indore district, Madhya Pradesh. 2. To identify the associated factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women. 3. To determine the association between urinary tract infection and selected socio-demographic variables of pregnant women. 4. To determine the association between urinary tract infection and selected obstetric variables of pregnant women. Methods: A hospital-based descriptive study was conducted among 120 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected rural hospitals of Indore district, Madhya Pradesh Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and laboratory urine examination reports. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection was found to be 26.7%. Major associated factors included poor perineal hygiene (61%), inadequate water intake (55%), anemia (46%), previous UTI history (40%), and multiparity (34%). Significant association was observed between UTI and gestational age, hemoglobin level, and hygiene practices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Urinary tract infection remains a common health problem among pregnant women. Strengthening antenatal screening and educating women about preventive measures can significantly reduce maternal and fetal complications.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Pregnancy, Antenatal women, Risk factors, Rural health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition