Volume 12 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Capital structure is important part of the financial decision-making. It is a conjunction of equity and debt capital. The Pecuniary decision makers of company want to earn maximum return and enhance the wealth firm. So, the financial manager decides an optimum capital structure to achieve the objective of maximum return and wealth. This research work study the pattern and trend of capital structure of NSE listed companies of Indian steel industry. Out of all NSE listed steel companies, the five leading steel companies selected as sample based on Market Capitalization. The financial accounts are the source of the secondary data provided in the sampled company's annual reports covering the ten-year period from 2013-14 to 2022-23. The statistical tools used to analyze the available data are frequency, average, and trend using MS-Excel. The findings reveal that the highest average equity capital was found of the SAIL (Rs. 4130.53 crores) and lowest of the APL Appollo company (Rs. 29.69 crores). Whereas, the highest average debt was found of the JSW steel (Rs. 32972.12 crores) during the study period. The study concludes that which steel company used an appropriate mixture of debt and equity funds in your capital structure that earn a high rate of return.

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Capital Structure, Equity, Debt, Pattern, Trend etc.

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Bone mineral density (BMD) loss causes osteoporosis, a disease that affects the bones of adults but is most prevalent in postmenopausal women. While X-rays and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) images can both measure bone mineral density (BMD), the focus of this article is on a survey of the use of DEXA images for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in women past menopause. In this study, we take a look at the many methods used to diagnose osteoporosis. Limitations of deep learning for osteoporosis diagnosis in postmenopausal women, including the requirement for big datasets, interpretability of the models, and potential biases in the data, are also highlighted, along with the many approaches applied in BMD. Each set of results is followed by a discussion of their limitations which leads as a suggestion for future study.

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Dexa Scan Images, Image Processing, Image Segmentation, ANN

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Transdermal drug delivery system was first introduced more than 20 years ago. Transdermal drug delivery system is a type of convenient drug delivery system where drug goes to the systemic circulation through the protective barrier i.e. skin is the main target of topical and transdermal preparations. Major aim of transdermal drug delivery system is to cross the stratum corneum. Ethosomes are the ethanolic phospholipid vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes have gained importance in the area of research, because of their intensified skin permeation, better delivery of drug and increased drug entrapment efficiency. Ethosomes are brand-new lipid vesicular carriers with a reasonably high ethanol content that are used as a transdermal drug delivery system to test the effectiveness of a targeted medication at the site of action. Ethosomes are soft, malleable vesicles composed mainly of phospholipids, ethanol (relatively high concentration) and water. Several approaches have been developed to weaken this skin barrier. One of the approaches for increasing the skin penetration of drugs and many cosmetic chemicals is the use of vesicular systems such as ethosomes. Ethanol is known as an efficient permeation enhancer and has been added in the vesicular systems to prepare elastic nanovesicles. Ethosomal dispersions are added to gels, patches, and creams for ease of use and stability. The ethosomes efficacy in dermal/transdermal administration is evaluated via clinical studies as well as a wide range of in vivo models. The present review focuses mainly on the various aspects of ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration, preparation, composition, characterization, advantages, applications and marketed product of ethosomes.

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Transdermal ,Ethosomes , Ethanol, Skin, Penetration, Vesiclar

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Talinum portulacifolium, often known as Fame Flower or Jewels of Opar, has piqued the curiosity of botanical and pharmacological researchers. This review paper attempts to provide a detailed analysis of Talinum portulacifolium's phytochemistry and pharmacological potential. The review begins by delving into the phytochemical composition of various plant sections, such as leaves, roots, and the entire plant. The discovery and characterisation of bioactive chemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids that contribute to the therapeutic characteristics of the plant are prioritized. Talinum portulacifolium's pharmacological actions are then thoroughly investigated. Studies on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are discussed, offering light on possible applications in oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders. The article also delves into the plant's traditional applications in many cultures and places, providing insights into its past therapeutic roles. Recent research on Talinum portulacifolium's possible hypolipidemic activity is highlighted, along with its implications for cardiovascular health..

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Talinum portulacifolium, Fame Flower, Jewels of Opar, phytochemistry, pharmacological potential, leaves, roots, entire plant, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, therapeutic characteristics, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress, inflammation-related disorders, traditional applications, cultures, past therapeutic roles, hypolipidemic activity, cardiovascular health

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This study delves into the integration of immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology in English Literature education to enhance student engagement and comprehension. In an era dominated by technology, traditional teaching methods often face challenges in captivating students. This research critically examines global literature on IVR implementation in English Literature education, assessing its efficacy as a pedagogical tool. The review highlights IVR's potential to immerse students in historical or literary settings, providing an experiential learning environment. Analysis of existing studies underscores IVR's role in augmenting student engagement, comprehension, and retention of literary concepts. Moreover, IVR demonstrates adaptability in accommodating various learning styles, making English Literature more accessible and appealing to diverse student populations. The study emphasizes the need for continuous exploration and development in leveraging IVR for English Literature education. As digital technologies evolve, IVR presents a promising avenue for educators and learners, fostering a dynamic and effective approach to teaching and learning English Literature. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on technology's transformative role in education, advocating for IVR as a catalyst in revolutionizing English Literature learning on a global scale.

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ImmersiveVirtualReality, EnglishLiteratureEducation ,Student,Engagement, Comprehension,Technological, Innovation,EducationalTechnology, MixedResearch,Pedagogical Transformation

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The study explores the historical and cultural significance of theatre in Karnataka, following its origins from ancient forms of traditional drama like Yakshagana and Sannata. Furthermore, it examines the modern theatre scene, exploring how traditional and modern theatrical performances influence the cultural fabric of the region. In contrast, the paper examines the evolution of the Kannada film industry, which has transformed into a significant cultural phenomenon over the years. It investigates how Kannada cinema is a reflection of the socio-cultural dynamics of the state and serves as a powerful medium for storytelling and cultural expression. The rich cultural heritage and flourishing film industry of Karnataka are the ideal backdrop for such analysis. . Moreover, the research focuses on the impact of changing market dynamics on both theatres and films in Karnataka. The state's consumption and production of theatre and films is examined by analysing factors including digitalization, urbanization, and evolving audience preferences. The cultural identity of Karnataka is highlighted in subtle ways by this study through a comparative lens. When assessing the impact of these art forms, it's crucial to recognize the uniqueness of regional cultures and market dynamics. The findings provide valuable insight into how theatre and film coexist and influence each other in Karnataka. This case study can serve as a basis for discussing the relationship between culture, media, and regional dynamics in a wider context.

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Sannata, Yakshagana

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Background: Wrestling is a combat sport involving grappling type techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and takedowns, joint locks, pins and other holds. Wrestling bout is a physical competition between two competitors to attempt to gain and maintain superior position.When these wrestlers retire there are wide range of changes which take place concerning joint pain and balance which are inevitable because of their rigorous training schedule and activity. Balance is fundamental in any sport, especially in combat sports. Although balance can improve with practice, it is highly affected by vestibular disorders. One of the most evident structural change taking place in the wrestlers is the cauliflower ear, which is an acquired deformity of the outer ear caused by blunt trauma or grappling techniques used in the sport. It is an irreversible condition that occurs when the external portion of the ear is hit continuously and develops a blood clot or other collection of fluid under the perichondrium. A fibrous tissue is formed overlying the skin, which results in the outer ear becoming swollen and deformed, resembling a cauliflower.{8} This acquired deformity can cause long term functional complications in hearing which may further lead to hearing loss or impairment. It is an irreversible condition that occurs when the external portion of the ear is hit continuously and develops a blood clot ,this can lead permanent or temporary hearing loss. Apart from the affection of hearing, there are many changes in the musculoskeletal system taking place after the wrestler retires such knee pain and chronic low back pain. Thus, all these factors cumulatively affect the person's balance and resulting in the increased fall risk. Methodology: A Randomised control trial was done in which 60 wrestlers in the age group 40- 70 years having cauliflower ear in Pune were recruited for this study and were selected by Random sampling method. Wrestlers having recent fractures, surgeries and females were excluded from the study. Consent was taken from the subjects for participation. Balance was analysed using dynamic gait index and vestibular dysfunction was analysed by dix hallpike test. Data was collected, a statistical analysis was performed and results were obtained. Results: The study was conducted on 68 participresults.ving cauliflower ear, the results were Conclusion: s a whole and also by dividing the population into subgroups according to age. For the balance, 27 participants showed positive for increased fall risk. In the subgroups, 40-50 years 8% , in 51-60 years 34% whereas in 61-70 years 58% showed increased fall risk. For vestibular dysfunction, out of 60 , 13 were positive for the vestibular dysfunction. In the subgroups analysis, in 40-50 years 8%, 51-60 years 15%, wheKeywords-61-70 years 77% showed positive results. Conclusion: The study shows that clinically there is a prevalence of fall risk and vestibular dysfunction using dynamic gait index and dix hall pike test but, statistically it does not show prevalence for fall risk and vestibular dysfunction.

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Wrestlers, Cauliflower ear, Balance impairment, Vestibular dysfunction, Dynamic gait index, Dix hallpike test

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Human face detection has been a challenging issue in the areas of image processing and patters recognition. An application for tracking and detecting faces in videos and in cameras which can be used for multipurpose activities. The intention of the paper is deep study of face detection using open CV. The proposed system also improves the waiting experience of clients choosing to stay in the waiting area by connecting them to the audio signal of the often muted television sets running entertainment programs, advertisement of services, or news. The image processing concept is essential parameter to count number of people in count detection. This system is using Open-CV platform and DNN (Deep neural networks) algorithm for image processing with real-time person detection and taking the record of number of counts of the people. The future predictions based on the count of people in a particular interval of time are done by analyzing the past data using machine learning algorithm as the DNN.

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DNN (Deep neural networks), Open-CV platform, Queue Management, Haar cascade and artificial neural network (ANN).

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Medoroga is a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of meda dhatu in the body. Accumulation of medo dhatu in different parts of the body causes blockage of srotas which ultimately leads to poor nourishment of other dhatus. Medoroga is the one of the disease that is gaining more and more attention at the global level after pandemic Covid-19, this disease is prevalent in developing as well as in developed countries, in both sexes across all ages and socio-economic group. Dyslipidemia is one of the commonest presentation and major cause for various lifestyle disorders like cardiovascular diseases, pancreatitis, fatty liver and many other diseases. The prevalence of high cholesterol is present in 25-30% of Urban and 15-20% in rural subjects in Indian population. According to Ayurveda, Dyslipidemia is the corresponding output of Medovaha srotodushti. In Ayurveda, the line of treatment for medoroga or sthoulya is shodhana karma (Vamana / Virechana chikitsa), Rukshana chikitsa, Udvartana, Shamana chikitsa, Nidana parivarjana. Before shodhana karma it is very necessary to undergo the deepana and pachana karma as they digest the ama and improves the agni. It is a single case study of 24 year old female patient presented with increased lipid profile. Classical Vamana karma and Virechana karma was done as the line of management. There was significant correction in values of Cholesterol and Triglycerides after Vamana and Virechana procedure.

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Medoroga, Dyslipidemia, Ubhaya shodhana, Sthoulya

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