Volume 12 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Land and water are two most precious and important natural resources for the survival of all living beings and agricultural development. According to survey conducted by Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC); North Karnataka and Coastal regions have been a declining trend in rainfall. The year 2023 is witnessed for 'Green Drought' which is generally a period when there is limited rainfall due to which there is growth of new plants, but the growth is frail. Karnataka experiences droughts when the southwest monsoon remains weak. Over last 2 decades Karnataka has faced 11 droughts, Drought causing severe stress to the masses and agriculture. The impact of drought can be grouped as social, ecological, and economic. Drought is a threat to wide range of man and living organisms and has a huge impact on ecology as well. Drought needs prevention and priority for sustainable future and betterment of the farmers. Water conservation is the best way to mitigate the drought and water should be used wisely with utmost care.

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 Keywords

KEYWORDS: Concept of drought, its impact on society and environment, strategies for mitigate.

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One of the important structures, which is prone to damage is water tank. Due to increase in urbanization, there are large numbers of elevated water tanks which are constructed. Therefore to evaluate the performance of elevated water tanks under seismic load is primarily important. The present study deal with evaluating the performance of a double Base Isolated elevated water tank (intze tank) is evaluated under far field and near field earthquakes. For the double base isolated water tank, the isolators are installed at bottom of tank and in the mid-way of staging. To typify the performance of double base isolated water tank, its seismic responses were also compared with the case of single base isolated (isolator at the base only) and fixed base counter parts.

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 Keywords

Base Isolation, seismic responses, isolators, mid-way of staging, fixed base etc.

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Since time immemorial, one of the primary function of the state has been to maintain law and order and ensure the sustainability of justice. A plea bargaining is a contractual agreement between the prosecution and the accused upon receiving some consideration. This article examines the origin of the concept, its development and the attitude of the Indian judiciary towards plea-bargaining. Finally it provides a detailed information about the pros and cons of plea bargaining and the steps which to be included in the current justice system to make the improvement.

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 Keywords

Plea-bargaining, Criminal Justice System, Indian judiciary, Trial, Criminal

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Mouth ulcer is one of the common disorders caused due to variety of etiological factors. The two most common causes of oral ulceration are local trauma (e.g. Rubbing from a sharp edge on a filling) and aphthous stomatitis ("canker sores"), a condition characterized by recurrent formation of oral ulcers for largely unknown reasons.4 Ulcers are an open sore of the skin or mucus membrane characterized by removing of inflamed dead tissue. The mouth ulcer often caused pain and discomfort and can alter the person choice of food while healing occurs. The foremost common oral ulceration is Aphthous stomatitis. This review focuses on the causes of mouth ulcer and factors in charge of the mouth ulcer. There are various synthetic drugs which are available to treat mouth ulcer. As we all know herbal medicine is that the most stay of primary healthcare thanks to better culture acceptability, better computability with natural object and lesser side effects. And the literature also revelaed that there are various medicinal plants which can be utilized within the treatment of mouth ulcers. Therefore, this review summarises about the medicinal plants which could be used for the treatment of mouth ulcer as drug

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 Keywords

Mouth Ulcer, Herbal , Treatment , Stomatitis , Sores

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In recent times, the concept of human rights has become an essential part and important pillar in establishing a blissful world. Human rights require the protection of the very foundation of human beings, which is dignity and freedom. The significant role of human rights necessitates a detailed understanding of the concept of human rights, which can be grasped through its meaning, definitions, nature, and classification. The present paper explains the meaning of human rights and also analyses their nature. The paper also emphasized the clarification of the definitions of human rights. Besides, the paper also comes up with different methods of classification of human rights, such as on the basis of generation, on the basis of the nature of the rights, on the basis of the beneficiary, etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human rights, Classification of human rights, Nature of human rights, Generations of human rights, meaning of human rights

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Malnutrition (undernutrition) remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, that has been fueled and sustained by insecurity, a dwindling economy in addition to the impact of climate change. This review seeks to discuss the various approaches in the management of undernutrition among children in the country with the view of providing up to date information and best practices on the subject. A review of databases like Google Schoolar, PubMed and Global repository like the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) was done to obtain information on the subject. The key outcome sought in the review were methods used by government, implementing partners (Community Based Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, and the United Nations), mothers/caregivers and researchers on the various approaches utilized for the management of undernutrition in Nigeria. The result showed that there are basically five approaches for the management of undernutrition in Nigeria. These include the Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) approach that targets optimum nutritional practices from birth to two years and beyond, Community Management of Acute Malnutrition which consist of community mobilization, outpatient care for the management of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) without complications using the Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), the in-patient care carried out in stabilization centres using RUTF, Formula 75 (F75) and Formula 100 (F100) depending on the condition of the child, and the Supplementary Feeding Program for the Management of Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) using Ready to Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) and Micronutrient powder in addition to counselling which targets children aged 6 -59months. The next approach is the food-based approach which targets children alone and involves the use of locally available food (Tom Brown) and fruits to prevent /treat moderate malnutrition, and the food-based approach for mothers (Porridge Mum) which involves food demonstrations and provision of quality food to pregnant and lactating mothers and their babies usually in humanitarian conditions and lastly the nutrition sensitive agriculture approach which involves the implementation of agriculture programs that puts "nutrition first" and involves the fortification of agricultural products and building the capacity of local farmers on best agricultural practices that are climate smart and ensure high yields of crops with high nutritional value to address the nutritional needs of the entire households and community. Factors reported to contribute to the sustained cases of malnutrition in Nigeria include poverty, insecurity, misuse and management of nutrition commodities, lack of knowledge amongst mothers and caregivers on the various approaches of managing undernutrition. There is an urgent need to come up with innovations and implements strategies that timely detects and holistically address malnutrition in Nigeria in order to actualize zero hunger in the country by 2030 (SDG 2).

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 Keywords

Malnutrition, Community Management of Acute Malnutrition, Food-based approach, mothers, caregivers, health workers, zero hunger.

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The right of self-defense, also known as private defense is a fundamental human right enshrined in Indian law. The right of private defense, permitting individuals to use reasonable force to protect themselves or their property from imminent harm. However, the legal framework surrounding private Defense in India suffers from several inadequacies that can leave individuals vulnerable and deter them from defending themselves against unlawful aggression. The laws relating to private defense in India are inadequate and need to be reformed. This paper critically examines the existing legal framework surrounding private defense in India, highlighting their limitations and inadequacies of law of private defense, consequences of these inadequacies and suggested necessary reforms. The reforms suggested in this paper would help to improve the laws relating to private defense and make them more accessible and effective. The study is purely based on doctrinal legal research that uses secondary sources.

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Private defense, Inadequacies, proportionality, reasonable, burden of proof.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A study on a comparison of two systems based on different methods for calibration of current transformers at a number of different transformation ratio and power frequencies of 60 Hz and 50 Hz at the National Research Council (NRC) is described. The obtained discrepancies in ratio and phase errors are within a few ?A/A for small test currents and less for larger test currents. Current transformers are precision devices that scale high currents down to a value that can be easily handled by measurement equipment. To support CT application in revenue metering. A calibration service at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for laboratory-quality current transformers is described. A service provides measurements of the current ratio and the phase angle between the secondary and primary currents. Electric energy at current found in utility distribution systems relies on components watthour meter, voltage transformer, and current transformer 50 Hz and 60 Hz transformer can be calibrated at NIST for a range of the primary to secondary current ratios from 0.25A:5A to 12000A:5A.

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AC measurement, current transformer, current comparator, calibration, measurement uncertainty

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 Abstract

Planting density plays a major role in adjusting rice population structure, increasing yield and reducing cost. It has the potential to reduce labor costs, protect the environment, and increase rice quality, resulting in a major regulatory effect on rice growth and population structure, as well as altering basic seeding per unit area. An experiment on the effect of planting density on the growth and yield of Nerica-L-19 was conducted from August to December 2021 in Suakoko, Liberia. The experiment was performed using a randomized complete Block design with three treatments and three replications. Total field size was 56.4 m2 with each plot in the trial field segmented into 1 m x 2 m plots. Results revealed no significant differences observed for the parameters except the total number of panicles which showed significant differences from the means across different spacing. The plant height was highly correlated to grain weight and number of panicles. Thus, lowland farmers in Suakoko should adopt the 20 cm x 20 cm spacing for optimal yields in NERICA-L-19 leading to lower seed rated to occupy large hectares with the best output.

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 Keywords

Panicle yield, Seed, Vegetative stage, Reproductive growth

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Plant diseases that harm the leaves of the plants halt the growth of the plants themselves. Plant illnesses that are detected early and accurately may lessen the chance that the plant will sustain additional damage. The fascinating strategy required more effort, focus, and expertise. Plant leaf diseases are identified using images of the leaves. Deep learning (DL) research seems to offer a lot of promise for increasing accuracy. The significant progress and expansions in deep learning have made it possible to enhance the accuracy and coordination of the system for recognizing and valuing plant leaf diseases. It is a cutting-edge deep learning method for classifying diseases. An investigation was conducted into the efficacy of diagnosing diseases in plant leaves. The ResNet classifier is used to remove color, texture, and plant leaf arrangement geometry from the given photos. A few efficacy metrics demonstrate that the suggested strategy outperforms current methods with an accuracy rate concert measurements are employed to carry out these procedures. These metrics are used for analysis and to propose a suggested way. The phases of disease detection involve the following steps: image separation, categorization, noise removal, and picture collection.

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 Keywords

Residual Network, Biodiversity, Plant Species, New Plant Disease dataset

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition