Volume 8 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

WARN VYAVASTHA KI UTPATTI

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800

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Background of the study An intellectually disabled child requires more parental attention and involvement than a normally developing child. The attitude of parents towards their disabled child plays an important role in adaptive skill development in child and improving the quality of life of both parent and child. Objectives of the study The main aim of this study was to assess the attitude of mothers towards care of their intellectually disabled child. Methods A descriptive study was conducted to assess the attitude of parents of intellectually disabled children. 150 parents of children with mild and moderate intellectual disability were selected for the study. The sample was selected with purposive sampling method. The setting of the study was three selected Special schools at Calicut district, Kerala. A demographic questionnaire and a parental attitude scale for problem children by N. Rangaswamy (1989) were administered to assess the attitude of parents towards care of their children. A descriptive statistics was carried out to find out the mean attitude scores of parents towards their intellectually disabled children. Results Majority (81.3%) of mothers spent 4-8 hours per day for their job or house hold works. The time spends for care of their intellectually disabled child was 3-6hours per day by majority (81.3 %) of mothers. Majority (60%) of the children belonged to the age group of 13-17 years. The results showed that majority (46%) mothers having a moderately unfavorable attitude (mean score 42.3 and 36.7 % mothers were having a favorable attitude and 17.3% of mothers having highly unfavorable attitude towards care of their intellectually disabled children. The results showed that there is no association between the gender of child (?2= 4.72), age of the child (?2=1.117) and educational status of the mother (?2=3.84) with parental attitude. There is a significant association found in mother�s occupational status (?2=15.38) and family income per month (?2=12.74) with the attitude of mothers. Conclusion Parental attitude towards care of intellectually disabled children has very important role in the proper growth and development of the child. This study shows that majority of the mothers were having a moderately unfavorable attitude towards their children.

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Intellectually Disabled Children, Parental Attitude, Special Schools

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An esthetically pleasant well balanced human face has been aptly divided into three equal vertical proportions, as the middle one third is filled principally by the nose, it becomes more prominent and the lower one third needs to be balanced with it. The nose, combined with the lips and chin influences the overall facial harmony as they form part of the soft tissue analysis. So, the present cross sectional study aims to investigate gender differences in nasal proportions with different growth patterns in gujarati adults. The sample consisted equal number of adult (18-25 years) males and females (n=30 in each group) with different growth patterns based on jarabak�s ratio. Soft copy of Conventional 2D lateral cephalogram was processed in adobe photoshop software cs3 version 10.0 for assessment of nasal proportions. Statistical analysis by Independent t test revealed that Males had more and highly significant (p<0.001)difference for nasal length, nasal depth 2, lower dorsum and columella convexity , total facial convexity with nasal tip in all growth patterns. Whereas nasal length in average and horizontal and nasolabial angle in average and vertical growth pattern. Sexual dimorphism was found for nasal proportions Males had long prominent nose in all growth pattern but straight in average, with hump in horizontal and convex in vertical growth pattern.

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A CROSS SECTIONAL LATERAL CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY TO INVESTIGATE GENDER DIFFERENCES FOR NASAL PROPORTIONS

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In the present investigation, the water of river Ganga near Barauni (Bihar) was studied at two different sites for two consecutive years with reference to diversity index of phytoplankton to its Species diversity, Species richness, Species evenness. The average mean value of Species diversity were found varying from bits/Individual,Species richness from 5.41- 5.48 and Species evenness from 0.93- 0.91 at site-I and site-II.From the above finding the present investigation indicates that the river water is moderately polluted at both sites near Barauni.

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River Ganga, Species diversity, Species richness, Species evenness

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Occupation plays a crucial role in the livelihood of an individual and a household for their survival. India is a very diverse country and so has several types of occupations available to employ. However, the classification of the occupations has certain patterns and specificity in the sense of regions, gender, caste, and class. In this paper, an analysis has been performed for several occupational groups across the sector (rural-urban) and sex (male-female) based on the several age groups to understand the dynamics of occupations with respect to the age categories. For the purpose, the first periodic labour force survey 2017-18 has been used along with the �one� digit code of national classification of occupation- 2004. This study is analytical and descriptive. The result finds the existence of rural-urban and male-female dimensions in the choice of occupation across the age groups of an individual. Most of the workers are employed in agriculture occupations, especially in the rural sector. The median age of a worker is highly concentrated for the age group of 30-44 years. A significant proportion of workers are still occupied in several occupations even after 60 years and old. This implies the need for a policy suggestion to increase the retirement age proportional to several occupations.

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Occupations, Age-Structure, Labour Force, Employment- Unemployment, India

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What we see may not always be the reality and what we presume as real may not be our observation always. In democratic set-up, this has often emerged as reality. Democracies had always been subjected to criticism but it is astonishing to note how the interplay of corrupt vision and changing social attitudes playing a havoc in our democratic systems. This paper broadly investigates the voting behavior and attitudes in response to sophisticated tempting actions by political parties to pull voters. This research demonstrates that higher the level of temptation combined with many socio-economic perils, leads to higher biasness towards them. Participatory research, interviews, journals, publications, and observation and media reporting have been studied, analyzed, and scrutinized to discover how different poor and illiterate people vote. Findings and results attributes greater role of education, financial liberty, backwardness and awareness to political reality in determining voting behavior.

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Voting Behavior, Votes Selling, Cash benefits, Democracy,

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Pharmaceutical cocrystals are solid substances and a promising technology which are used to improve the solubility of poor aqueous compounds. They are a very interesting and useful product for improving different properties of drug substances such as dissolution rate, melting point, solubility, chemical stability, etc on the other hand we can say that they are drug pharmacological action modification agents. In the present paper, we review the pharmaceutical co-crystals. Cocrystals are multi-component molecular design allows us to change in the physicochemical properties of solids according to the need, through manipulation of various intermolecular interactions. In this short review, we focus on some recent reports on pharmaceutical co-crystals and their emerging subclasses as Charge transfer co-crystals, Energetic co-crystals, and Ternary co-crystals and discuss their methods of characterization and applications of importance in the industrial pharmacy.

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Cocrystals, solubility, molecular design

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In the present study, Gastro retentive mucoadhesive drug delivery systems of sitagliptin, an anti diabetic drug, have been designed to increase the therapeutic efficacy & gastric residence time and to reduce frequency of administration. Therefore a sustained release medication was advantageous so as to achieve the prolonged therapeutic effect and to reduce peak and valley effect in plasma concentration. This can be achieved by formulating modified gastro retentive sustained release dosage forms which resides in the stomach for long period to release the drug in vicinity of the absorption zone. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method, by employing polymers like Carbopol 934P, HPMC K4M and PVP K30 in various concentrations. The triturated mixture of all ingreidents were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner?s ratio and results obtained were satisfactory compressed formulations were further evaluated for thickness, friability, hardness, swelling index, mucoadhesive study and in-vitro dissolution studies. All the formulations showed good results which were compliance with pharmacopoeial standards. In vitro dissolution study was carried out in pH 1.2 buffers. From in vitro dissolution studies, F15 showed very good drug release for long period.

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GRDDS, Mucoadhesive, Antidiabetic, Carbopol, HPMC K4M

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People from People different walks of life are now more aware about Yogic practices and its role not in preservations and promotions of positive health but also in prevention and management of various diseases /conditions. Scientists and other medical professionals have realize the importance of yogic life style for the preventions and management of stress induced and other psychometric disorder. Medical science is says yogic in your routine life style can cure many diesis, like Depression ,High Blood Pressure, Diabetes, Tension and Anxiety etc.

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Yoga, Healthy, Stress Free, Fife Style.

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A novel Fe2O3@S-g-C3N4 nanocomposite has been prepared via an ultrasonication method. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) over Fe2O3@S-g-C3N4nanocomposites was investigated to evaluate their photocatalytic performance. The results showed that the Fe2O3 nanoparticles were dispersed on the surface of the S-g-C3N4, and the heterojunction was formed on the interface. The Fe2O3@S-g-C3N4sample presented the best photocatalytic activity, stability and reusability, degrading 99% MB after irradiation for 10 mints. The obtained Fe2O3@S-g-C3N4 nanocomposite catalysts were characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS), FT-IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM).This work demonstrates new sights for synthesizing high-efficient and environment-stable photocatalysts by engineering the surface heterojunction.

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Fe2O3@S-g-C3N4; Photocatalysis; Degradation; Methyl orange; Stability

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