Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is a therapeutic approach used to relieve symptoms caused by decreased estrogen and progesterone levels during menopause. This therapy aims to improve quality of life by reducing vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood changes, and sleep disturbances. HRT also helps maintain bone density and may reduce the long-term risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. However, the choice of HRT requires careful evaluation of individual risk factors, including cardiovascular health, breast cancer risk, and age at initiation. Current evidence suggests that using HRT at the lowest effective dose and for the shortest appropriate duration offers maximum benefit with minimal risk. Overall, HRT remains an effective and personalized treatment option for managing menopausal symptoms when guided by proper clinical assessment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT); Vasomotor Symptoms; Osteoporosis Prevention; Menopausal Symptoms; Quality of Life; Clinical Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper explains the concepts of spectrality, cultural haunting, and liminality as manifested through the ghost narrator in the novel Partitions by Amit Majmudar. The story is set against the backdrop of a monumental event in geopolitical history - the Partition of India, which led to a mass exodus in the history of human civilization and claimed the lives and homes of millions of people. The spectral figure of the ghost is employed to explore the immediate and enduring impact of the partition of India and its resulting historical trauma on cultural memory and identity. Drawing on the concept of Hauntology by Derrida, this study argues that the spectral presence of the ghost narrator acts as a witness to the event of partition as it unfolds in real-time thereby also foreshadowing the lasting impact the catastrophe will have on the collective consciousness. The liminal existence of the ghost narrator straddling the boundaries of life and death, present and past, and also presence and absence spotlights the ambivalent and transitional nature of memory. Through the analysis of the narrator as a liminal specter and spectator who experiences and transmits the memory of Partition, the paper throws light on the author's attempt at capturing the cultural haunting that continues to shape the identity of the people. This paper ultimately tries to position the specter as a vital narrative figure, embodying the spectral and haunting legacies of the Partition which resonate to this day. Thus, the paper justifies Dr. Avishek Parui's theoretical framework that literature acts as a production of possibilities, where matter and metaphor converge to produce persistent echoes of cultural memory.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cultural Haunting, Liminality, Memory, Partition, Spectrality.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent one of the most widely prescribed and self-administered classes of medications worldwide, primarily utilized for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. Their clinical relevance spans diverse conditions ranging from musculoskeletal disorders and postoperative pain to chronic inflammatory diseases. The pharmacological effects of NSAIDs are largely mediated through inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, thereby reducing prostaglandin synthesis, although this same mechanism underlies many of their adverse events, including gastrointestinal irritation, renal impairment, and increased cardiovascular risk. This review summarizes key aspects of NSAIDs, including classification, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic applications, while emphasizing both their benefits and safety concerns. Recent advances have focused on developing novel agents such as nitric oxide-releasing NSAIDs, dual COX/LOX inhibitors, and selective COX-2 inhibitors, as well as improved formulations like topical, extended-release, and nanocarrier-based delivery systems aimed at enhancing efficacy and minimizing toxicity. Current practice trends also involve risk stratification, co-therapy with gastroprotective agents, and patient-specific prescribing to optimize outcomes. Despite progress, challenges remain regarding long-term safety, individualized therapy, and regulatory oversight. Future research directions include identifying biomarkers for predicting adverse events, exploring precision medicine approaches, and expanding the clinical utility of safer NSAID derivatives. Collectively, NSAIDs remain indispensable in modern pharmacotherapy, but their use demands a balance between therapeutic benefits and risk management through continued innovation and evidence-based practice.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nsaids, Cyclooxygenase, Analgesia, Gastrointestinal Toxicity, Cardiovascular Risk, No-Nsaids, Dual Inhibitors, Formulation Advances

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vitamins are very important for keeping the brain and nervous system healthy. They help the body produce energy, repair nerve cells, and send messages between the brain and other parts of the body. A lack of vitamins such as B1, B6, B12, folate, vitamin D, and vitamin E can cause problems like memory loss, nerve pain, depression, and other brain disorders. Getting enough vitamins through food or supplements can help prevent or reduce the risk of diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and neuropathy. This study explains how vitamins support brain health and how their deficiency can lead to neurological problems.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

o Vitamins, o Brain health, o Neurological disorders, o Deficiency

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for COVID-19. For centuries, traditional healers have used herbal plants and natural products to treat many illnesses. This review highlights key medicinal plants, their sources, properties, and possible antiviral roles against COVID-19. Research articles were collected from major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Medline, and Web of Science, up to August 2021. Many studies report that certain medicinal plants show antiviral effects and may support treatment of viral infections. However, limited safety data and unclear dosage guidelines remain major challenges. Herbal medicines may help against COVID-19 by blocking viral entry or reducing virus replication. Plants such as Citrus species, orange (C. sinensis), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), peppermint (Mentha piperita), and black seed (Nigella sativa) are commonly used and may offer supportive benefits in COVID-19 management. Herbal formulations from 26 COVID-19 treatment protocols were analyzed. Through complex system entropy and hierarchical clustering, researchers identified 8 key herb combinations and 10 promising formulas. Further scaffold analysis and self-organizing mapping grouped the compounds into 12 molecular clusters, from which 8 pharmacophore structures were identified as possible targets for inhibiting the coronavirus.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Herbal medicine, medicinal plants, phytotherapy, traditional remedies, antiviral herbs, COVID-19 management, SARS-CoV-2 inhibition, immune boosting herbs, plant-based therapy, natural compounds, adjuvant therapy, complementary medicine, ethnomedicine, herbal formulations, antiviral phytochemicals.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Resume Analysis, Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, Recruitment Automation, Bias Mitigation, Transformer Models, Named Entity Recognition, BERT, Semantic Similarity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India's Export Competitiveness in a Green Trade Era: Evidence from Environmental Goods and the CBAM Challenge The paper examines India's evolving export competitiveness in environmental goods (EGs) within the context of the global transition to a low-carbon economy and the regulatory challenges posed by the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Employing a mixed-method approach, the study combines descriptive trade analysis with the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) framework and a sectoral vulnerability assessment. Data from ITC Trademap and UN Comtrade, based on the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) classification of EGs, are analysed for the period 2015-2024. The findings reveal that India's EGs exports have grown more than twofold over the past decade, increasing from US$ 2.9 billion in 2015 to US$ 8.5 billion in 2024, though the share in overall merchandise exports remains modest at 1.9%. RCA results demonstrate diversification and improved competitiveness across clean technology categories, notably photovoltaic cells, electric motor parts, and renewable energy equipment. However, despite these gains, India's performance lags behind leading exporters such as China and the United States. The paper also evaluates India's exposure to CBAM, identifying iron, steel, and aluminium exports as critically vulnerable due to their carbon intensity and high dependence on the EU market. The analysis highlights that while CBAM aims to prevent carbon leakage, it risks imposing additional compliance burdens on developing economies like India. Policy implications suggest that India must pursue dual objectives, expanding EGs exports through innovation and trade facilitation, while safeguarding broader export sectors against emerging climate-related trade barriers. Strengthened institutional support, decarbonisation pathways, and proactive engagement in international climate-trade diplomacy will be central to enhancing India's resilience and positioning in global green value chains.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Environmental goods, Sustainable exports, Comparative advantage, Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, Green trade, Climate policy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) are essential components of modern quality management systems across industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, construction, and software development. Although the terms are often used interchangeably, each represents a distinct function within the larger quality framework. QA focuses on preventing defects by emphasizing well-designed processes, structured planning, and adherence to established standards. QC, on the other hand, concentrates on identifying and correcting defects through inspections, tests, and performance evaluations. This paper explores the fundamental principles, techniques, and practical uses of both QA and QC, demonstrating their roles in ensuring product reliability, meeting regulatory requirements, and improving customer satisfaction. It further reviews key quality improvement models and tools--including Total Quality Management (TQM), Six Sigma, and ISO standards--that support continuous organizational enhancement.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Quality Assurance, Quality Control, Quality Management Systems, Process Management, Continuous Improvement, Six Sigma, ISO Standards, TQM, Inspection, Defect Prevention

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Manual meeting documentation is a persistent bottleneck in organizational productivity, often resulting in incomplete records and missed decisions. This paper introduces a unified, modular framework for AI-powered meeting minutes generation, systematically addressing key gaps identified in existing research: real-time processing, multi-language support, actionable extraction, and seamless integration with productivity tools. Leveraging state-of-the-art models in speech recognition (Whisper v3), speaker diarization (PyAnnote 3.1), and abstractive summarization (BART-Large-CNN), our architecture enables accurate transcription, automatic speaker attribution, concise summarization, actionable task and deadline detection, and multimodal sentiment analysis. Early implementation and benchmarking on public datasets show significant reductions in documentation time and robust accuracy in ASR and summarization modules. The system's flexible API design supports direct integration with mainstream platforms such as Google Calendar, Trello, and Jira. Ongoing work targets advances in diarization, action item extraction, and real-time deployment. This research demonstrates a practical and extensible solution for transforming audio meetings into structured, actionable knowledge, setting a foundation for next-generation meeting intelligence in organizations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

automated meeting minutes, speech recognition, speaker diarization, summarization, action item extraction, sentiment analysis, productivity integration, natural language processing, organizational AI, real-time systems

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions globally, leading to numerous long-term complications. Among the most prevalent and debilitating is Diabetic Neuropathy (DN), a group of nerve disorders caused by prolonged hyperglycemia and related metabolic disturbances. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of DN, beginning with a foundational overview of DM, its classification, and its global burden. The historical discovery and evolving understanding of DN are discussed, leading into a detailed examination of its complex pathophysiology, where metabolic, vascular, inflammatory, and oxidative stress pathways converge to cause progressive nerve damage. The article classifies and describes the diverse clinical syndromes of DN, from the common distal symmetric polyneuropathy to life- threatening autonomic neuropathy. A thorough diagnostic framework is presented, followed by a multi-faceted approach to management that emphasizes glycemic control, risk factor modification, and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for symptomatic pain relief. The review also addresses the severe complications of DN, such as diabetic foot ulcers and amputations, and explores the profound psychosocial impact on patients' quality of life. Finally, the article looks toward the future, surveying emerging therapeutic frontiers, including novel drug targets, advanced neuromodulation techniques, and regenerative medicine.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Diabetic Neuropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Pathophysiology, Neuropathic Pain, Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy (DSPN), Autonomic Neuropathy, Glycemic Control, Foot Ulcer.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition