Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Healthcare in semi-urban India faced significant challenges, including inefficient manual data management and unreliable internet connectivity. This paper proposed "Hospital Management Eco-System," a novel, integrated smart hospital management system (HMS) designed to address these specific gaps

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 Keywords

Smart Hospital System, Hospital Management System (HMS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), QR Code, Patient Portfolio, Offline-First, Access Control Role-Based (RBAC), Healthcare Rural

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Assessment plays a vital role in enhancing the quality of learning and teaching, especially in primary education, where the foundation of lifelong learning is laid. Effective assessment practices help teachers understand students' strengths and learning gaps, allowing for more personalized instruction. This paper explores how formative and summative assessments contribute to improving learning outcomes at the primary level. Drawing on theories of continuous and comprehensive evaluation (CCE) and formative assessment, the study highlights how feedback, self-assessment, and peer evaluation foster student engagement and motivation. The paper also addresses challenges in implementing effective assessment systems and offers recommendations for integrating assessment as a learning tool rather than merely a measurement of achievement.

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Assessment, Formative Evaluation, Summative Evaluation, Primary Education, Learning Outcomes, Feedback, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation

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The introduction of innovative drug delivery systems (NDDS) in the Indian pharmaceutical market faces a range of regulatory complexities. Although India has made significant progress in strengthening its pharmaceutical regulations, the current framework still prioritizes conventional drug formulations. As a result, new technologies such as nanocarriers, transdermal patches, liposomes, and biodegradable implants often encounter approval delays due to the absence of well-defined evaluation parameters. Additionally, inconsistencies between national guidelines and international regulatory standards hinder global competitiveness and limit research investments. The need for clearer regulatory pathways, harmonized standards, and efficient review mechanisms is therefore critical to foster innovation and ensure patient safety. Addressing these challenges will support the seamless integration of NDDS into India's evolving healthcare system.

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Regulatory challenges, new drug delivery systems, Indian pharmaceutical industry, drug approval, innovation, compliance, nanotechnology, market authorization

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Academic Resilience embodies the capacity of students to bounce back and thrive in the face of challenges in the school environment. This research explores the academic resilience of secondary school students and compares government and private students in this regard. The study aimed to test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in academic resilience between government and private secondary school students. A sample of (240) secondary school students in Kashmir valley kulgam district ( 120 government and 120 private) was randomly selected for the study. Data collection employed the Academic Resilience scale developed by Munmi Borah and yeasmin Sultana (2023). This scale consists of five dimensions divided into 40 items. Statistical analysis included percentage statistics Means, Standard Deviation and t-test were used through Excel and SPSS. The findings of the study reported that the academic resilience of government and private secondary school students doesn't differ significantly and maximum secondary school students (65%) have an Average/ Moderate level of academic resilience. The mean score of private secondary students have higher values across the five dimensions of academic resilience. Academic Resilience of Secondary School Students in District Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir, with Reference to Type of School

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ACADEMIC RESILIENCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF DISTRICT KULGAM OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR WITH REFERENCE TO TYPE OF SCHOOL

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Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that primarily affects infants and young children. In Ayurveda, this condition resembles Bal Shosha or Karshya, arising due to poor digestion (Agnimandya) and deficiency of tissue nutrition (Dhatu Kshaya). This paper explores Ayurvedic and modern perspectives of pathophysiology, management, and prevention of Marasmus. Ayurvedic therapies such as Brimhana (nourishing), Rasayana (rejuvenation), and Agnideepana (digestive stimulation) play a crucial role. Nutritional management with Shatavari, Ashwagandha, and Yashtimadhu along with Panchakarma procedures like Abhyanga and Swedana are found beneficial. Preventive measures include exclusive breastfeeding, proper weaning, and maternal nutrition. Integration of Ayurvedic and modern practices can significantly reduce childhood malnutrition

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Marasmus, Bal Shosha, Karshya, Ayurveda, Malnutrition, Brimhana, Rasayana

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India faces a public health emergency driven by severe air pollution, with particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) reaching hazardous levels across the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This paper analyzes the crisis's root causes--spanning vehicular emissions, industrial coal dependence, and crop burning--and provides a critical examination of its biological impact on the human body. Leveraging 2024-2025 data from The Lancet, ICMR, and WHO, this research details how toxic air is not merely a respiratory irritant but a systemic poison, contributing to nearly 1.7 million premature deaths annually. Special focus is placed on emerging evidence linking pollution to neurodegenerative diseases like dementia, adverse birth outcomes, and cognitive decline in children. The paper concludes that air pollution is the single largest risk factor for non-communicable diseases in India, demanding immediate health-centric policy interventions.

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PM2.5, Systemic Inflammation, Cardiovascular Mortality, Neurotoxicity, Child Development, AQI Crisis.

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Adders are digital circuits used in VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) architecture that carry out arithmetic operations, particularly addition, on binary values. They are employed in a wide range of devices, such as memory systems, digital signal processors, and microprocessors. Logic gates that accept two binary values as inputs and output a binary sum make up an adder. These days, designing low power VLSI circuits heavily relies on low power circuits. Adiabatic circuits explain reversible logic, or the reuse of the same, which results in power savings. Using the traditional approach, CMOS circuits are utilized to lower circuit power dissipation. A number of adiabatic techniques were developed to address the shortcomings of CMOS circuits. These techniques use charging and discharging to further reduce power dissipation. Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic (PFAL) and Efficient Charge Recovery Logic (ECRL) are the methods employed. Arithmetic operations, such as adder and multiplier, require full adders. In this paper, we will examine the designs of adiabatic logic and develop a new complete adder employing PFAL logic, followed by simulations. Consequently, the circuits' effectiveness is displayed and contrasted utilizing the nano meter technologies. By lowering the amount of circuit delay, the Carry Look a Ahead Adder--also referred to as FAST ADDER--also plays a significant role. Since delay is a significant factor in LOW POWER VLSI CIRCUITS, By using the adiabatic approach, the power dissipation in the full adder is reduced. When comparing ECRL and PFAL, the power dissipation is decreased in both, but PFAL is somewhat more lowered. Tanner EDA Tool simulates every circuit utilizing 22 nm Technology.

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Carry Look Ahead Adder (CLA), Complete Adder Circuit, Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic (PFAL), and Efficient Charge Recovery Logic (ECRL).

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Use of Voice Native Interfaces in Note Taking in Practice is a voice-driven application that integrates artificial intelligence to enhance note-taking efficiency. The system converts voice inputs into structured, searchable text in real time, addressing limitations associated with traditional note-taking methods. Utilizing advanced natural language processing (NLP) techniques, BrainDump achieves high transcription accuracy and offers functionalities such as automatic categorization and intelligent retrieval. This paper discusses the system's architecture, technical implementation, and testing results, demonstrating the application's potential to transform digital note-taking practices across multiple domains.

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AI, voice notes, transcription, real-time retrieval, natural language processing, mobile applications, intelligent note management.

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The transportation sector significantly contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions and urban pollution, primarily from fossil-fueled internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). As sustainable alternatives, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) offer high efficiency, zero tailpipe emissions, and compatibility with renewable hydrogen. This study uses ADVISOR simulation software to compare the performance of a fuel cell vehicle and a conventional gasoline-powered ICEV across five drive cycles (UDDS, HWFET, FTP, EUDC, INRETS) and three ambient temperatures. Key metrics include energy efficiency, fuel (hydrogen and gasoline) consumption, and emissions. Results show the FCEV achieves higher efficiency--over 41% during highway driving--while the ICEV reaches about 21% efficiency in highway conditions. The FCEV's hydrogen economy improves at elevated temperatures. The ICEV maintains fairly constant fuel use but emits significant pollutants, notably hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, especially during urban and cold-start conditions. Findings highlight FCEVs' potential to reduce pollution and support decarbonization, contingent on clean hydrogen production and infrastructure. The study underscores the need for policies and technologies to accelerate fuel cell vehicle adoption in India's transportation sector.

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Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (ICEV), ADVISOR, Hydrogen Consumption, Energy Efficiency, Emissions, Drive Cycles.

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Thyroid problems are very common and can affect how the body uses energy, grows, and stays healthy. The thyroid gland makes two main hormones, T3 and T4, which control many body functions. Thyroid diseases can be of two types: o Functional problems like hypothyroidism (low hormone levels) and hyperthyroidism (high hormone levels). o Structural problems like goitres (swelling), nodules (lumps), or thyroid cancer. Hypothyroidism often happens due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis or not having enough iodine, while hyperthyroidism is usually caused by Graves' disease or toxic nodular gaiter. Symptoms can be mild, such as weight or mood changes, but in severe cases can become emergencies like myxedema coma or thyroid storm. Doctors use blood tests (TSH, T3, T4), antibody tests, scans, and fine needle biopsy to find the cause. Treatment depends on the problem and may include hormone tablets, medicines to block excess hormone, radioactive iodine, or surgery. Eating enough iodine, early screening in people at risk, and regular lifelong follow-up are important for good results. This review explains the different types of thyroid, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments of thyroid diseases.

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o Hypothyroidism t3triiodothyronine thyroid gland o Hyperthyroidism o T4 (Thyroxine) o TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) o Goiter

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