Volume 12 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

The bell metal industry in Assam is a revered traditional craft deeply rooted in the state's cultural heritage. With origins tracing back centuries, this artisanal expertise has been passed down through generations in Sarthabari, one of India's oldest bell metal clusters. Renowned for their exceptional skill, artisans from this region cater to a broad market spanning Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. Despite its cultural and economic significance, the industry faces existential threats. Intense competition from inexpensive alternatives and machine-made products, coupled with the influx of aluminum and plastic items, poses a significant challenge to the survival of Sarthabari's bell metal craftsmen, imperiling a cherished tradition.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bell Industry, Traditional Craft, Sarthabari's Bell metal Craftsmen, Problem and Prospect of Bell Metal Industry.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Society has traditionally viewed women as subordinate participants in politics. Despite constituting nearly half of the global population, women's active involvement in politics remains limited. Worldwide, the empowerment of women has attracted significant scholarly attention, emphasizing the urgent need for equality. As a result, various developmental programs have been introduced to integrate women into the development process at all levels. This movement has gained momentum post-independence; yet achieving gender equality remains a distant goal. This paper explores the challenges faced by Sumi Naga women in a deeply patriarchal society. While they have made significant strides in leadership roles across various sectors, their involvement in politics, particularly in decision-making bodies, is still dominated by men. Although the status of women has improved, political participation remains a significant barrier. The paper examines the evolving roles of Sumi women, the challenges they face in political inclusion, and offers suggestions to enhance their participation and representation in politics.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Women, Naga women, Sumi women, political participation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper explores the fundamental role of women's reproductive rights in advancing social progress, particularly within the frameworks of gender equality, health outcomes, and socioeconomic development. The reproductive rights and health of women play a important role in driving social transformation and empowering women. This abstract delves into the multidimensional impact of ensuring reproductive rights and health access, emphasizing their integral role in fostering gender equality, enhancing socio-economic growth, and promoting human rights. Reproductive rights encompass the right to access comprehensive reproductive healthcare, including family planning, safe childbirth, and the ability to make informed decisions regarding one's reproductive life without discrimination, coercion, or violence. Ensuring these rights is fundamental to empowering women, as they provide autonomy over reproductive choices, enhance participation in education and the workforce, and ultimately break cycles of poverty and dependency.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

reproductive rights, empowerment, reproductive healt

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cosmetics are incredibly in demand since historical time. These days focus shifted more towards naturally derived cosmetic products. Among all cosmetic products, lip balm formulations are most widely used to enhance the beauty of lips and add glamour touch to the makeup. Lip balms offer a natural way to maintain and promote healthy lips. Current cosmetic lip products are based on use of enormous chemical ingredients with various side effects. Hence in this work, an attempt has made to study natural ingredients used to formulate natural lip balm. This article reviews on the essential ingredients used for natural lip balm along with their merits and limitations. The natural lip balm can made using naturally occurring base, oils, extract, colour and flavouring agents which can be evaluated for their resistance to temperature variations, pleasant flavour, and smoothness during application, adherence and easy intentional removal, etc.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

natural lip balm; herbal Cosmetics; natural ingredients

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The following research question guides this study: How do economic factors affect housing finance and the major indicators that influence interest rates or housing affordability? They are as follows: To find out the said economic indicators, appraise their changes and analyze their impact on housing finance. Working hypotheses for the purpose of carrying out the research studies are as follows: In order to compare and contrast the interest rate policies of various types of banks, including those in the public and private sectors as well as HFCs and international banks? What relationship exists between inflationary pressures and housing affordability? Secondary data is collected with the help of using renowned online databases, government reports, and financial magazines to study the trends in the interest rates of the recent times and the other economic indicators. Some of the important quantitative techniques for analyzing data and presenting relationships between economic variables and housing finance indicators are data visualization techniques. These literature theories are then supplemented with secondary data in order to arrive at a synthesis which consists of current theoretical and empirical literature. It is possible to note that public sector banks show a relatively steady competition on interest rates, while private sector banks indicate a wider arsenal of interest rates. Variability is seen in some HFCs, while others have kept rates standard and some have a slight or big gap. Global banks follow this pattern with interest rates from 8.45% and above. Furthermore, this work finds inflationary pressures have an inverse relationship with housing affordability, further affirming the difficulties that prospective homeowners are likely to encounter due to escalating property prices and flatlining incomes. Policymakers, financial institutions, and other interested parties can use these results to better understand how to manage economic volatility and promote long-term homeownership by expanding our understanding of the complex relationships between housing finance and macroeconomic indicators.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Economic Impact, Housing Finance Companies (HFC's), Interest Rate, House Affordability.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research introduces an innovative solution to tackle the persistent challenge of riverborne debris and floating waste accumulation. The project centers around a smart water trash collector, utilizing a Node MCU microcontroller, designed for efficient and remote-controlled debris retrieval in diverse river environments. The core of the system is a remote-controlled boat equipped with a conveyor belt system optimized for precise trash collection. The boat's operations are orchestrated by the NodeMCU microcontroller, integrating robust engineering and programming to ensure effective navigation and debris retrieval. A distinctive feature of this environmentally conscious project is the incorporation of NodeMCU technology, not only enhancing the adaptability and maneuverability of the trash collector but also facilitating remote control functionality. Furthermore, the research highlights the sustainable aspect of the initiative by incorporating a power supply from a solar panel, making the system eco-friendly. This innovative approach represents a proactive step in mitigating environmental concerns and combating the adverse effects of floating waste on aquatic ecosystems. The paper delves into the intricacies of the boat's design, technological frameworks involving NodeMCU, solar power integration, and the anticipated positive impact on fostering cleaner and healthier water bodies. The research contributes to the broader efforts towards sustainable environmental management and underscores the significance of integrating smart technologies and renewable energy sources for effective waste management in water ecosystems.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NodeMCU, aquatic debris, NodeMCU APK

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Adhatoda vasica (L), Nees. (Syn- Justicia adhatoda L.) of family Acanthaceae is a shrub with opposite ascending branches and is considered the most significant medicinal plant, commonly known as Vasaka, Vasica, Adusa, and distributed in various regions of India as well as the World. The plant has been used in the indigenous system of medicine in India for nearly 2500 years. It is a well- known plant as a drug in Ayurvedic and Unani medicinal system. Traditionally it was used for the treatment of various acute and chronic diseases and showed strong pharmacological activity particularly for bronchial infections, cough, common cold, asthma, tuberculosis, reproductive disorders etc. All the parts of the plant are used by indigenous peoples or folklores to treat various diseases and many medicinal formulas have been developed by Ayurvedic experts due to its unique phyto chemical profile. In order to detect the phytochemistry various laboratory techniques can be used, one of them is a High performance liquid chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS), generally known as LC-MS technique. LC-MS is a powerful analytical technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of HPLC with the mass analysis capabilities of MS. Coupled chromatography LC - MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of each technique are enhanced synergistically. The leaf extract of vasaka was separated and charged ions detected by LC-MS that may be help to identify each separated component. The LC-MS data may be used to provide information about the molecular weight, structure, identity and quantity of specific sample components.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vasaka, Ayurveda, Bronchodilator, Alkaloids. Vasicine, Extract, HPLC-MS, Folklores, Chitrakoot

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Communicative English has become essential in today's globalized and linked society, necessitating new teaching techniques to match learners' changing demands. This study looks at the current trends, technology, and pedagogical techniques used in teaching communicative English. It also delves into the issues educators and students confront, including the digital gap, various learning backgrounds, and reluctance to change. The research examines technologies such as e-learning platforms, task-based learning, and artificial intelligence to demonstrate their usefulness and adaptability in teaching communicative English. Finally, it makes recommendations to solve these issues, highlighting the need for teacher training and curricular change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Communicative English, language pedagogy, innovations in education, teaching challenges, digital tools, e-learning, language fluency

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study examines the eco-critical approaches in few of the books by Anita Desai, Arundhati Roy, Kamala Markandaya, Ruskin Bond and Amitav Ghosh. The focus of the work is on addressing the continual destruction of the environment and the deterioration of humanity's relationship with it. Since novelists condemn human inhumanity and the abuse of natural components, they are all regarded as excellent environmentalists. Diverse unreasonable and unethical human attitudes towards the environment and one another have long been undermining the planet's hospitable atmosphere. The imperialist inclinations and advancing modernity of the invaders which have destroyed the natural environment and the cordial interaction between man and nature have been highlighted by all novelists in their works. The present article's aim is to examine the eco-critical point of view as they are portrayed in selected international English language literary writings.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Eco-criticism, Environmentalism, Diversity, Humanity, Challenges, Literature

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper introduces a straightforward yet powerful method for designing Variable Gain Amplifiers (VGAs) using Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistor (NCFET). To maximize bandwidth while minimizing size, the design employs an inductor-less approach. Additionally, a novel technique utilizing a self-compensated transistor is proposed to correct gain errors. As a result, the VGA exhibits an inherently accurate linear characteristic without requiring additional exponential generators for gain control. The concept was validated by fabricating the VGA using NCFET technology. Experimental results demonstrate that the VGA's voltage gain can be adjusted from -20 dB to 25 dB. Furthermore, a bandwidth exceeding 80 GHz is maintained across the entire gain range. The VGA consumes 0.350 mW of power, including the output buffer.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NCFET, Variable Gain Amplifier, Fixed Gain amplifier, Buffer

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition