Volume 12 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

In today's digital world, online payment fraud has become one of the biggest challenges facing e-commerce businesses. Fraudsters are constantly finding new ways to exploit system vulnerabilities, putting transactions and sensitive customer information at risk. To counter this growing threat, this paper introduces a highly effective framework for predicting and preventing fraud before it happens.The framework relies on a range of advanced machine learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Neural Networks, and more. After extensive testing across three different datasets, one algorithm--Gradient Boosting--consistently emerged as the most reliable and accurate in detecting fraudulent transactions. It achieved an impressive 99.7% accuracy rate, outperforming all other models in various testing conditions.What sets Gradient Boosting apart is not just its high accuracy but also its adaptability. It performed exceptionally well across different types of fraud scenarios, making it a powerful tool for e-commerce platforms. With this level of precision, businesses can detect and prevent fraudulent activities before they happen, strengthening their defenses and building customer trust.The use of machine learning in fraud detection is a significant leap forward for the e-commerce industry. Traditional methods often fall short in identifying sophisticated fraud patterns, but machine learning models like Gradient Boosting analyze vast amounts of data to spot hidden trends, unusual behaviors, and emerging threats. This predictive capability is critical for keeping businesses one step ahead of fraudsters, ensuring a more secure and seamless online shopping experience for everyone involved.

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 Keywords

Fraud Detection, Scam detection, Problem Statement, Customer Data Security

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Water is one of the precious natural resources for all living organisms for their various metabolic activities. Zooplanktons are the important components of aquatic ecosystem and found in all types of water bodies including polluted, industrial and municipal waste water. Zooplanktons act as the bioindicators and their diversity can be used to indicate the pollution status and the chronic water pollution problem.

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 Keywords

Zooplanktons, aquatic ecosystem, metabolic activities, bioindicators.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Hindi Navagit Ki Vikas Yatra Ke Pramukh Kavi: Ek Anushilan

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Hindi Navagit Ki Vikas Yatra Ke Pramukh Kavi: Ek Anushilan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: The historical records of Jammu and Kashmir suggest that women may have once held a respected position, similar to other regions of India. However, their status declined significantly over time. Female children were not particularly valued, and their hardships worsened with the arrival of Turko-Afghan tribes, who often abducted women as prized booty. This situation intensified harmful customs already prevalent in society like sati, female infanticide, no widow remarriage, trafficking, and prostitution, which severely affected women in the state. Lawrence, the political agent to the governor-general of the North-West Frontier Province, urged Maharaja Gulab Singh, the first ruler of Jammu and Kashmir, to eliminate these practices. However, the Maharaja did not pay much attention, and social reforms especially related to the emancipation of women were delayed. These injustices continued into the 1900s until Maharaja Hari Singh introduced reforms aimed at eradicating these practices.

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Index Terms: Female Infanticide, Prostitution and Traffic in women, Sati, Widow Remarriage, Social Reforms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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FDI, Carbon Emissions, and Sustainable Inclusive Development in India: An Analysis Using the Environmental Kuznets Curve

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FDI, Carbon Emissions, and Sustainable Inclusive Development in India: An Analysis Using the Environmental Kuznets Curve

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This paper presents the design and performance analysis of key subsystem components in a 16-bit Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor. The study focuses on three primary adder implementations: Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), Carry Look-Ahead Adder (CLA), and Carry Select Adder (CSA). These adders play a vital role in defining the arithmetic processing capabilities of the RISC processor. The project evaluates the impact of each adder architecture on critical performance metrics, including execution speed, area utilization, and power consumption. Simulations were conducted using Xilinx ISE, and performance was measured to assess the efficiency of each adder in various scenarios. Results indicate that while the CLA provides superior speed due to minimized carry propagation delays, the RCA excels in space efficiency, making it more suitable for compact designs. The CSA offers a balanced performance between speed and power efficiency, making it a viable option for high-performance computing tasks. Overall, the design and analysis provide valuable insights into the trade-offs between speed, area, and power consumption in processor architecture, leading to an optimized RISC processor design

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 Keywords

RCA- Ripple Carry Adder, CLKA - Carry look Ahead Adder , CSLA - Carry Select Adder

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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economic development, conserving natural habitat and green culture. Over a decade many healthcare organizations have encountered tremendous pressure form the different stakeholders to adopt environment friendly policies and practices to boast sustainability. As sustainability is essential for fluctuating healthcare environment. It is important for the welfare of patients, healthcare employees along with community. The very concept of Green HRM is to promote the sustainable use of resources available within the sector as well as in the society. The main objective of the study is to explore and evaluate Green HRM practices within the healthcare organizations and to find out how these healthcare organizations are aligning HRM policies with green management and environment centric initiatives. In this research paper we have adopted descriptive method based on extensive secondary data. This research paper encompasses all Green HRM activities which includes best green practices in acquisition and on boarding of new employees, induction process, performance appraisal & management, training & development and reward system. The paper summarizes how the healthcare sector guarding and preserving the natural eco-system's resources and inculcating top priority in decision-makings among the managers in inducing sustainable ecosystem. How such practices would result into positive outcomes by improving employee attitudes and behaviors towards organization and its sustainability is also explained.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Healthcare sustainability, Organizational Sustainability, Human Resource Management, Green HRM, Environment centric, Corporate Image, Employee Behavior

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study aimed to formulate and evaluate herbal lipsticks using natural ingredients to minimize the side effects associated with synthetic alternatives. The herbal lipsticks were composed of beeswax, lanolin, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, natural dyes (rose red and lilac pink), vitamin E, lemon juice, and vanilla and pineapple essences, all of which offer beneficial effects for lip care. The formulation process involved melting the wax and oils separately in a water bath, then combining them and adding coloring agents and other additives at a controlled temperature. The mixture was poured into molds and solidified using an ice bath. The prepared formulations were rigorously evaluated for various parameters, including pH, color, texture, breaking point, surface anomalies, perfume stability, aging stability, melting point, skin irritation, solubility, and softening point. Among the six formulations, formulation F1, which utilized olive oil as the base oil, emerged as the most favorable in terms of color and smoothness. Overall, formulations containing olive oil, coconut oil, and castor oil demonstrated superior performance regarding breaking point, surface anomalies, perfume stability, aging stability, melting point, pH, texture, skin irritation, solubility, and softening point. These findings suggest that herbal lipsticks can provide a safe and effective alternative to traditional synthetic lip products.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bees wax, Lanolin, Olive oil, Castor oil, Coconut oil, Rose red & Lilac pink as natural dyes, Vitamin-E, Lemon juice, Vanilla and Pineapple essence,Herbal lipsticks,Solidification.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A dominator edge coloring of , is a proper edge coloring of , in which every edge of some color class (possibly its own class) are dominated by every edge in . The dominator edge chromatic number of, is the least number of color classes among all dominator edge colorings of G, denoted by. We introduce a new variate known as power dominator edge coloring based on the notion of power edge domination and determine the power dominator edge chromatic number for certain classes of graph. Power Dominator Edge Coloring of a graph G, refers to the proper edge coloring where each edge in the edge set power dominates every edge of at least one-color class. The Power Dominator Edge Chromatic number (PDEC-number), is the minimum number of colors that a power dominator edge coloring of the graph requires.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Dominator edge coloring, Power dominating set, Power dominator edge coloring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the Ayurveda all skin diseases were included under the Kushtarog. Which is classified in two divisions i.e. Mahakushta and Kshudrakushta. Vicharchika is described under Kshudrakushta. Vicharchika is charactereized with symptoms namely kandu, srava, pidika and shyava varna. Vicharchika is often correlated to Eczema in modern dermatology. Eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) is characterized by dry itchy skin with areas of poorly demarcated erythema and scale. In the acute phase eczema may be vesicular and oozing, in the chronic phase it may become hyper pigmented and lichenified (thickened). No satisfactory treatment is available in contemporary medical practice. Main line of treatment for vicharchika in Ayurveda is Shodhan & Shaman. Ayurveda believes that All Dosha in balance is essential for well-being, thus offers treatment for the root cause of eczema by cleansing vitiated Dosha and balancing the Dosha and Dhatus.

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Vicharchika, Eczema, Kushtaroga. Rakthamokshana -Jalaukavacharana.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition