Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Herbal sunscreens are an expanding category of skin care products that provide broad-spectrum photoprotection by combining plant extracts with UV-protective chemicals. Herbal formulations, in contrast to traditional chemical sunscreens, include plant-derived antioxidants, anti-inflammatory substances, and calming agents that offer extra skin advantages, including lowering oxidative stress, delaying photoaging, and enhancing skin barrier function. High SPF, broad-spectrum coverage, photostable formulas, non-comedogenic texture, and eco-friendly ingredients are all characteristics of ideal herbal sunscreens. Although phytochemicals and natural oils aid in photoprotection, mineral UV filters like titanium dioxide or zinc oxide are necessary for consistent SPF. Although there is still little in vivo confirmation, recent studies demonstrate the potential of polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids to improve photoprotective performance. This paper provides a scientific foundation for creating efficient and skin-compatible herbal photoprotective products by outlining the optimal features of herbal sunscreens, their synergistic mechanisms, safety profiles, and eco-friendly considerations.

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 Keywords

Herbal sunscreen Broad-spectrum protection Phytochemicals SPF and photostability Antioxidant skin protection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Comprehensive prenatal care programs are essential for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings. Objectives: To explore the implementation process and evaluate maternal-fetal outcomes of a comprehensive prenatal care program conducted in a selected healthcare setting. Methods: A descriptive case study design was adopted among 150 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics. Tools included structured questionnaires, observational checklists, and record reviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Implementation fidelity of the prenatal program was 87%. Significant improvements were observed in maternal knowledge (p < 0.001), adherence to antenatal visits (increase from 54% to 89%), nutritional compliance (p < 0.05), and reduction in pregnancy-related complications (28% to 12%). Neonatal outcomes improved, with preterm births decreasing from 14% to 6%. Conclusion: The comprehensive prenatal care program was effective in enhancing maternal awareness, promoting healthy behaviors, and improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. The findings support integrating structured prenatal programs into routine antenatal care services.

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 Keywords

Comprehensive prenatal care; Maternal outcomes; Neonatal outcomes; Implementation fidelity; Antenatal education; Pregnancy complications; Preterm birth; Nutritional compliance; Maternal knowledge; Antenatal clinic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Artistic gymnastics, Vaulting biomechanics, Penultimate stride length, Kinematic analysis, Female athletes, Performance analysis, Kinovea software.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: This quasi-experimental study assessed the effectiveness of a structured educational package on Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in reducing the risk of postnatal depression (PND) among mothers of newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a selected tertiary hospital in Indore. A total sample of 100 mothers (50 intervention, 50 comparison) was enrolled using consecutive sampling. The intervention group received a structured educational package (verbal counselling, demonstration, 12-minute video, and printed leaflet) plus routine NICU support; the comparison group received routine NICU care only. Primary outcome was risk of PND measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at baseline (during NICU stay) and at 6 weeks postpartum. Secondary outcomes included maternal knowledge about KMC and self-reported KMC practice. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, paired and independent t-tests, Chi-square tests and logistic regression to adjust for confounders. The intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in mean EPDS score from baseline to 6 weeks (mean ? = -5.8, p < 0.001) and a marked reduction in proportion at risk of PND (EPDS >=13) compared with the comparison group (18% vs 54%, p < 0.001). Adjusted logistic regression showed mothers in the intervention group had lower odds of PND risk at 6 weeks (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.08-0.57). The structured educational package on KMC effectively reduced risk of PND among NICU mothers. Integration of structured KMC education into routine NICU practice is recommended.

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 Keywords

Kangaroo Mother Care, Postnatal Depression, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, NICU, Educational Package

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This review paper explores the principles, materials, and applications of the Peltier effect as an alternative to traditional refrigeration systems. Conventional vapor compression refrigeration, while effective, faces significant challenges including environmental harm from refrigerants, noise pollution, high energy consumption, and operational costs. The Peltier effect, a thermoelectric phenomenon where heat is absorbed or released at the junction of two different conductors or semiconductors under electric current, offers a solid-state solution for cooling and heating without moving parts. The paper details the microscopic mechanism of the Peltier effect, its relationship with the Seebeck effect, and the key equations governing thermoelectric junctions. The figure of merit (ZT) is discussed as a critical parameter for evaluating thermoelectric materials, with bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) highlighted as the most widely used material for room-temperature applications. The construction of Peltier modules, their advantages--such as silent operation and reliability--and disadvantages, including lower efficiency and higher cost compared to traditional systems, are analyzed. The review concludes that while current Peltier modules have limitations, ongoing material advancements hold promise for more efficient and environmentally friendly refrigeration technologies in the future.

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Peltier effect, thermoelectric, sustainability, refrigeration, cooling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Skin cancer ranks among the most frequently occurring cancers worldwide, and Timely diagnosis is essential in ensuring successful treatment outcomes. Conventional diagnostic approaches depend largely on dermatological visual inspection, which can be time-consuming and often inaccessible in many regions. This study introduces a real-time skin disease prediction system using the YOLO (YOLO (You Only Look Once) framework) deep learning-based algorithm to efficiently detect and classify skin lesions. Users can upload live images of their skin, and the system analyzes them to determine whether the condition is malignant or benign, localize the affected area, identify the specific disease type, and provide precautionary guidance and preventive measures. Implemented as a web-based application using Flask and Python, the system leverages YOLO's real-time object detection capabilities to deliver fast and accurate predictions. Beyond classification, it serves as an educational platform, offering insights on skin health and guidance for consulting specialists. This project demonstrates how deep learning can create an accessible, first-line screening tool for skin cancer and other skin diseases, closing the gap between advanced medical technology and public health needs

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Skin Cancer, Deep Learning, YOLO, Instantaneous Detection, Skin Lesion Classification, Image Processing, Web-Based Application, Disease Localization, Preventive Guidance, Health Awareness

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sardar Patel ki Virasat : Samkaleen Bharat me Samajik Ekta aur Rastriya Akhandta ke sandharbh me

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Sardar Patel ki Virasat : Samkaleen Bharat me Samajik Ekta aur Rastriya Akhandta ke sandharbh me

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Surah al-?ujur?t, a Madinan surah of the Qur'an, is widely recognized as a comprehensive ethical code that regulates the moral and social behavior of Muslims. It provides essential guidance for cultivating social harmony by emphasizing respect, brotherhood, justice and equality. This paper examines the ethical teachings of Surah al-?ujur?t, with a special focus on interpersonal development. It explores key principles, including reverence for Allah and the Prophet Muhammad (SAAS), the verification of information, the pursuit of justice and reconciliation during conflict, and the prohibition of ridicule, backbiting, and baseless suspicion. Furthermore, it underscores the Qur'anic affirmation of human equality rooted in Taqwa (God-Conciousness). Through a close analysis of the verses of the Surah, the study demonstrates that the Surah al-?ujur?t offers enduring guidance for resolving social conflicts, strengthening interpersonal bonds, and promoting peace both within Muslim societies and beyond. It concludes that the Surah serves not only as a source of spiritual and moral guidance but also as a timeless framework for ethical conduct and harmonious coexistence, in contemporary society.

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Surah-al-Hujur?t, Qur'anic Ethics, Interpersonal Development, Social Harmony, Justice and Equality, Taqw?.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Electric vehicles (EVs) depend heavily on lithium-ion batteries, whose performance and safety are strongly influenced by temperature. As conventional battery thermal management systems, such as air cooling, liquid cooling, phase-change materials, and hybrid approaches, exhibit various limitations, immersion cooling (single-phase and two-phase) has emerged as a highly effective alternative. This review synthesizes findings from twenty research studies to evaluate the capabilities, advantages, and technological progress of immersion cooling for EV battery applications. Both single-phase and two-phase immersion strategies show strong promise, supported by studies on dielectric fluid properties, material compatibility, and system safety. Immersion cooling offers superior thermal control, reduced system complexity, lower infrastructure requirements, and improved environmental performance compared with conventional battery cooling methods. Two-phase systems benefit from latent heat of vaporization for enhanced heat dissipation, while single-phase systems provide stable and cost-effective cooling. Studies highlight that optimized flow designs, reduced cell spacing, splitter-hole configurations, and improved coolant pathways significantly enhance heat removal and temperature uniformity. Even though immersion cooling is a highly viable alternative to existing thermal management systems, the current review emphasizes that continued research is needed to refine non-linear heat transfer modelling, optimize flow-path designs, improve dielectric fluid formulations, ensure long-term material compatibility, and enhance fast-charging safety to fully unlock the potential of immersion cooling in next-generation Li-ion battery systems.

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 Keywords

Electric Vehicle, Lithium-Ion, Immersion cooling, Phase change material, battery thermal management systems, dielectric fluid, thermal runaway

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents the design and analysis of a keystroke-logging (keylogger) system developed for research and security auditing purposes. The proposed system captures user keystrokes at the operating-system level and securely records them for further behavioural or forensic analysis. Emphasis is placed on understanding system vulnerabilities, monitoring unauthorised activities, and demonstrating how keyloggers operate to support defensive cybersecurity practices. The study highlights the system's architecture, data-collection mechanism, and ethical considerations, ensuring the tool is used strictly for controlled, authorised environments. The results underline the importance of awareness and mitigation strategies against malicious keylogging threats.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

keylogger, keystroke logging, cybersecurity, system monitoring, forensic analysis, intrusion detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition