Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

The study was carried out to assess the ground water quality and its suitability for drinking purpose in most rural habitations of Champa tehsil of district Janjhir Champa, Chhatisgarh, India. For this purpose, 50 water samples collected from hand pumps, open wells and bore wells of villages of study area were analysed for different physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, nitrate, fluoride and total dissolved solids. pH value in the study area found from 7.0 to 8.1. EC ranges from 392-5152 ? mhos/cm and total alkalinity between 190 to 980 mg/L. Total hardness ranged from 60 to 2400 mg/L and calcium hardness from 20 to 1150 mg/L. Magnesium hardness varied from 40 to 1250 mg/L and chloride from 20 to 2000 mg/L. Values of nitrate concentration varied from 2 to 380 mg/L and fluoride from 0.3 to 9.6 mg/L while value of TDS ranges from 560 to 7360 mg/L. The study reveals that almost all parameters were exceeding the permissible limits. As per the desirable and maximum permissible limit for fluoride, nitrate, total dissolved solids and chloride in drinking water, determined by WHO BIS and ICMR standards, 44%, 14%, 24% and 42% of groundwater sources are unfit for drinking purposes respectively. Due to the higher fluoride level in drinking water several cases of dental and skeletal fluorosis have appeared in this region. After evaluating the data of this study it is concluded that drinking water of Champa tehsil is not potable and there is an instant need to take ameliorative steps in this region to prevent the population from adverse health effects.

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Groundwater quality, Physico-chemical parameters, Statistical Parameters

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This research article elucidates the organization, establishment, jurisdiction, powers and limitations of Lok Adalat and Permanent Lok Adalat in India. The Constitution of India provides for securing Justice - social, economic and political to each and every citizen of India. The mechanism of Lok Adalat being a cordial method of resolution, is most suited to the social and cultural fabric of India, as it can be arranged fast, in local languages, especially for the illiterates with the motto of "Access to Justice for all". It is one of the effective alternative to formal litigation providing satisfactory settlement of disputes aligning with the Indian legal systems. It was in prevalence in the Indian legal system since ancient times in the form of Panchayat system. The Section 19 of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 provides for the constitutional recognition of Lok Adalats, in accordance with the Indian Constitutional proviso Article 39-A, which authorises to provide free and competent legal aid to the weaker and needy sections of the society, ensuring that the opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any individual on the grounds of discrimination. It also illuminates the organization of Lok Adalats to secure the operation of the legal system and promoting justice on the basis of equity. The Section 22-B of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 provides for the establishment of Permanent Lok Adalats. The amendment brought about by the parliament in 2002 conferred Permanent Lok Adalats with both conciliatory as well as adjudicatory functions for long-pending court matters along with special focus on resolving cases in relation with Public Utility Services.

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Lok Adalat, Legal Services Authorities, Settlement, Adjudication, Permanent Lok Adalats.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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nd advanced software for real-time monitoring and management. By eliminating physical connectors, the system enhances convenience, minimizes maintenance, and ensures user safety. IoT sensors enable precise tracking of charging status, energy usage, and station availability, while supporting predictive maintenance and secure payment options. These features align with global sustainability efforts, offering a cutting-edge, eco-friendly solution tailored to meet the growing needs of EV users.

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Component, formatting, style, styling, insert

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This study examines the impact of height on three specific coordination skills in male badminton players: differentiation, reaction, and balance. Two height groups (5.3-5.7 feet and 5.8-6.2 feet) were created from sixteen participants from the Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education, located in Gwalior. These talents were measured with a variety of tests, and variations in height groups were evaluated through statistical analysis. The results show that there are notable height-based differences in Balance and Differentiation Abilities, indicating that taller players perform better in these areas.

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Coordinative abilities, Height, Badminton players, Balance Ability, Reaction Ability, Differentiation Ability

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Digital media has quickly revolutionized how parents and children communicate, have fun, learn, and solve problems on a regular basis. Most young children use cellphones and tablets on a regular basis, their early digital involvement brings new challenges to parent-child relationships and parental roles. This paper explores parenting in digital era, how can a parent work from 'conventional' parenting methods. In addition, most literature revolutionalize the concept of Artificial Intelligence to be Emotional Artificial Intelligence. Therefore, the paper also explores Emotional Intelligence and evaluate parenting in digital era and implication, the role of youths' social involvement, communication, self-disclosure, and trust in parent-child relationships from a bidirectional perspective.

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Digital technology, parenting, emotional intelligence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The development of any village, city, or country in the modern era depends significantly on electrical energy. While fossil fuels have been a primary energy source, they contribute heavily to pollution, suffer from efficiency losses, and are limited in availability. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro offer a cleaner, sustainable, and inexhaustible alternative. This study models a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system and employs the Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique to ensure consistent energy output. The system's performance is evaluated under varying solar irradiance and load conditions, demonstrating its ability to provide stable energy for diverse applications. This work underscores the importance of MPPT in optimizing solar energy systems for sustainable energy solutions.

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Solar PV, MPPT, Insolation, Insolation, Perturb and Observation

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This study presents a groundbreaking approach to enhance the accuracy of the YOLOv8 model in object detection, focusing mainly on addressing the limitations of detecting objects in varied image types, particularly for small objects. The proposed strategy of this work incorporates the Context Attention Block (CAB) to effectively locate and identify small objects in images. Furthermore, the proposed work improves the feature extraction capability without increasing model complexity by increasing the thickness of the Coarse-to-Fine(C2F) block. In addition, Spatial Attention (SA) has been modified to accelerate detection performance. The enhanced YOLOv8 model (Namely YOLOv8-CAB) strongly emphasizes the performance of detecting smaller objects by leveraging the CAB block to exploit multiscale feature maps and iterative feedback, thereby optimizing object detection mechanisms. As a result, the innovative design facilitates superior feature extraction, "especially the weak features," contextual information preservation, and efficient feature fusion. Rigorous testing on the Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset was performed to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique. It is resulting in a remarkable improvement over standard YOLO models. The YOLOv8-CAB model achieved a mean average precision of 97% of detecting rate, indicating a 1% increase compared to conventional models. This study highlights the capabilities of our improved YOLOv8 method in detecting objects, representing a breakthrough that sets the stage for advancements in real-time object detection techniques.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, Computer Vision, Object Detection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nicotine Dependency, Tobacco Addiction, Youth, Adolescents, Emerging Adults

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My previous research paper demonstrates the importance of attending to styles, practicality, and the blending of working and living space through a consideration of home office arrangements for interior designers. It solves issues such as the following: how does the project promote sustainability, how does it address privacy issues, and how can space be managed effectively? To enhance professionalism and productivity standards within the framework of the environmental directives of the research, the study focuses on the aspects of zonings ergonomics, and inventions. For a variety of needs, solutions such as smart technologies and flexible furniture. As a result, the study focuses on the importance of embodied, adaptive, and creative home offices for sustained gain and client engagement. In this research paper, I will describe important aspects of the interior design style, finishes, and materials related to the project described in the previous research paper by this author. In the next section, I will explain the rationale for these decisions as well as what impact they have on the character of the design.

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1. Bohemian interior style 2. Bamboo 3. Sustainability 4. Frosted glass

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Menstrual hygiene management waste is a widespread issue not only in India but also in several other countries. In the last few decades, menstrual hygiene management has become a key topic in the country, and many non-biodegradable menstrual products have been introduced, like sanitary pads, tampons, etc. Although the usage of menstrual material is a personal choice of any woman, such non-biodegradable products are harmful to the environment in many ways. The present study discussed the major menstrual hygiene management products utilised by women and how they are disposing of these products in Dehra Gopipur town of District Kangra. The study was based on the descriptive research design. The data was collected from 124 women through an interview schedule. The study found that disposable sanitary pads were the most common (about 76%) menstrual products used by women. It also showed that women were disposing of menstrual materials inappropriately. The study concluded that the government promotes menstrual hygiene by providing biodegradable menstrual material to women, but it does not have a solution for appropriately disposing of them. The study suggested that the government should promote sustainable menstrual materials such as menstrual cups, reusable cotton pads, and menstrual underwear, which will reduce the cost of sanitary products while simultaneously minimising the waste generated from non-biodegradable menstrual materials.

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 Keywords

Menstruation, waste, women, town, Himachal Pradesh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition