Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Introduction: A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues often associated with disruption of structure and function. A wound is only a disturbance of any kind of tissue, including internal organs, bones, and soft tissues. An ulcer is a rupture or breach in any lining, be it the mucous membrane, the skin, or another tissue. One kind of wound is an ulcer. Discussion: Jatyadi ghruta specifically used in dushta vrana and nadi vrana. Due to tikta rasa, katu in vipaka, laghugunatmaka, ushna veeryatara with pradhan in rukshata individually act on stabilizing the twaka and mamsa dhatu along with scrapping. It aids in strengthening the surrounding tissues and debriding the affected ones. The vipaka of ghruta acts on disinfecting the wound, removing bacterias and promote healing. Conclusion: The study concluded with the efficient use of jatyadi ghruta and triphala kwatha dhawan in dushta vrana or non healing ulcers. The quality of scrapping and repigmentation hold the healing property at another level. Wonderful results were seen by appropriate topical local application of both the drugs together, also the wound was free of any adverse drug reaction. The product applied was affordable and readily available and cheap

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 Keywords

Dushta vrana, jatyadi ghruta, twaka

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mechanical Performance Evaluation of Commercial Ultra-High-Strength Steels: Tensile, Impact, and Wear Behaviour

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Mechanical Performance Evaluation of Commercial Ultra-High-Strength Steels: Tensile, Impact, and Wear Behaviour

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Natural mordants, Cotton dyeing, Eco-friendly process, Colour fastness, Sustainable textiles.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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MINOR DEITIES IN THE SPACE OF MARIYAMMAN TEMPLE AT BATTICALOA, SRI LANKA

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MINOR DEITIES IN THE SPACE OF MARIYAMMAN TEMPLE AT BATTICALOA, SRI LANKA

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Hydrogels, with their distinctive three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers. Drive innovations across various biomedical applications. The ability of hydrogels to absorb and retain significant volumes of water, coupled with their structural integrity and responsiveness to environmental stimuli, renders them ideal for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. This review delves into the classification of hydrogels based on crosslinking methods, providing. Insights into their synthesis, properties, and applications. Their potential in personalized medicine and regenerative healthcare solutions.

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- Hydrogel Drug Delivery, Oral, Injectable, Topical, Ocular

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper examines the transformative contributions of women technicians in Tamil cinema between the 2010s and 2020s, a period marked by significant evolution in gender representation behind the camera. Historically dominated by male professionals, the technical arena of Tamil cinema has witnessed gradual but impactful integration of women professionals across various departments, including cinematography, editing, production design, sound engineering, and visual effects. Through qualitative analysis of industry reports, interviews, and film credits, this study identifies key trends, breakthrough artists, and persistent challenges. The findings reveal that women technicians have not only achieved individual recognition in previously male-dominated fields but have also fostered collective advocacy through professional networks like the Indian Women Cinematographers Collective. Despite systemic barriers including gender bias in equipment-handling roles and logistical challenges concerning long working hours, women technicians have demonstrated remarkable resilience and creativity, increasingly occupying leadership positions in major productions. Their presence has enriched Tamil cinema's visual storytelling and narrative diversity, bringing fresh perspectives to character development and aesthetic approaches. This paper concludes with recommendations for industry stakeholders to implement structural reforms that can accelerate gender parity, ensuring that the technical landscape of Tamil cinema becomes more inclusive and representative of the society it portrays

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Women technicians, Tamil cinema, gender representation, cinematography, behind-the-camera roles.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Movies are powerful because they help people understand the world around them. For a long time in Indian films, transgender people were not shown in a fair or respectful way. They were sometimes used for comedy, fear, or jokes. In Tamil cinema, this problem was very common. But between the years 2015 and 2024, things started to change. Some new movies began to show transgender people as real human beings with emotions, dreams, and struggles. This paper looks at four Tamil movies from this time: Aruvi (2017), Peranbu (2018), Super Deluxe (2019), and Paava Kadhaigal (2020). By studying these films, we can see how transgender characters are shown, what kind of stories they get, and how they are treated in the film world. The study found that movies today are getting better at showing transgender lives honestly, but there are still problems. Some films still show transgender people mainly through pain or sad events. Also, many transgender characters are still played by actors who are not transgender. The paper ends by saying that Tamil cinema is improving but must continue to include transgender voices and give them more meaningful roles

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Keywords: transgender, Tamil cinema, movies, representation, identity

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Justice Party, Aatm-Samman Andolan Aur Swatantrata-poorv Tamil Nadu Men Samajik Nyay-Ek Adhyayn

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Justice Party, Aatm-Samman Andolan Aur Swatantrata-poorv Tamil Nadu Men Samajik Nyay-Ek Adhyayn

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In contemporary education, teachers are expected to function not only as subject experts but also as competent users of media and digital technologies. Media competency has emerged as a vital professional skill, enabling teachers to effectively use digital tools, engage learners, communicate information, and promote ethical and safe media practices. The present study aimed to assess the level of media competency among pre-service teachers and to examine differences based on residential background, stream of graduation, and teaching experience. The study was conducted on a sample of 1,568 pre-service teachers enrolled in the two-year B.Ed. programme across colleges in Jaipur. A Media Competency Assessment Tool developed by the researcher was employed to assess four dimensions: technical skills, media interaction and communication, pedagogical application, and ethical and safe media use. Descriptive statistical techniques were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that most pre-service teachers exhibited a moderate level of media competency, while a substantial proportion demonstrated low competency levels. Urban students, science graduates, and those with prior teaching experience showed comparatively higher media competency. The study underscores the need for systematic and practice-oriented media training within teacher education programmes to better prepare future teachers for digitally enriched classrooms.

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Pre-service Teachers; Teacher Education; Digital Skills; Media Ethics; B.Ed. Programme

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Digital health technologies have the potential to significantly strengthen primary health care (PHC) delivery in rural settings by improving access, efficiency, continuity of care, and health outcomes. Tools such as telemedicine, mobile health applications, electronic health records, and digital decision-support systems can help overcome geographical barriers, workforce shortages, and information gaps that disproportionately affect rural populations. Despite this promise, adoption and sustained use of digital health solutions in rural primary health care remain uneven and limited. This paper examines the major barriers and enabling factors influencing digital health adoption among rural populations within PHC settings. Drawing on existing literature, policy documents, and implementation experiences, the study identifies infrastructural limitations, low digital literacy, workforce constraints, socio-cultural and economic challenges, privacy concerns, and weak system-level governance as key barriers. Conversely, improved connectivity, affordable and appropriate technologies, user-centered design, capacity building for health workers, community engagement, supportive policy frameworks, and sustainable financing mechanisms emerge as critical enablers. The findings highlight that digital health adoption is not solely a technological issue but a socio-technical process shaped by human behavior, institutional capacity, and contextual realities. The paper concludes that equity-oriented, context-sensitive, and system-integrated digital health strategies are essential for strengthening rural primary health care and ensuring inclusive health system transformation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Health, Rural Population, Primary Health Care, Barriers, Enablers, Technology Adoption, Health Equity, mHealth, Telemedicine.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition