Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based temperature regulatory system aimed at optimizing the performance of centralized air conditioning (AC) systems in large spaces, such as auditoriums, hospitals, and meeting halls. The system integrates DHT22 sensors for continuous real-time monitoring of temperature and humidity. Using these data points, the system autonomously adjusts AC settings to maintain optimal environmental conditions, ensuring both comfort and energy efficiency. This study explores the operational mechanisms of the system, the benefits of IoT integration, and its potential to reduce operational costs. The system also features a user-friendly monitoring interface, making it easily accessible for real-time adjustments and data analytics.

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 Keywords

1. IoT (Internet of Things) 2. Temperature Regulation 3. DHT22 Sensor 4. Energy Efficiency 5. Centralized Air Conditioning 6. Automation 7. Real-Time Data 8. ESP32 Controller 9. Smart Relay and AC Control 10. ThingSpeak Platform 11. User Interface 12 . Energy Savings

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An investment is an asset which generates income or appreciation. The study aims to know about the investment behaviour of women college teachers in Coimbatore District. The study is based on the descriptive research method. The study was conducted in the Coimbatore district among 512 women college teachers. The random sampling method was used to select the respondents. This study is based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and the secondary data were referred from books, journals, newspapers, magazines, and various websites. The statistical tools of Chi-square and ANOVA are applied. The teachers prefer to invest in bank, gold, share market and mutual fund. Educational Qualification has a significant association between impact of investment on economic, social and quality of life indicators.

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Investment, Investment Behaviour and Sources of Investment.

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Infertility, a significant concern affecting many couples, is often linked to male factors such as low sperm count (oligospermia). This case study documents the successful homeopathic treatment of a 28-year-old male patient with oligospermia, characterized by a sperm count of 10 million/ml and motility below 40%. The patient, presenting with symptoms like low sexual desire, disturbed sleep, and constipation, was treated with Calcarea phosphorica after a comprehensive individualized assessment. Over eight weeks, homeopathic intervention improved the patient's sperm count to 62 million/ml and motility to 50%, alongside enhanced general well-being. The remedy selection was based on repertorial analysis and aligned with the principles of individualized homeopathy. This study highlights the potential of homeopathic remedies as a safe, cost-effective alternative for addressing male infertility. However, it emphasizes the need for further clinical research to establish broader efficacy and applicability

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 Keywords

male infertility, Oligospermia, Homoeopathy, Individualized

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The internet is an important modern means of obtaining information and communicating with others which has converted the world into a global village, at the same time increasing internet use among adolescents is also likely to pose a major health concern that is internet addiction (IA). The revolution of the mass media, telecommunication and social networking with the emerging advancement in science and technology has made the great drastic change in access and browsing online information from the whole web using terminal at home etc. The emergency of internet has created on extraordinary change in expansion and proliferation of the internet has provided better opportunities for communication, information and social interaction. The aim of the study was to assess effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding ill effects of internet addiction among adolescents of selected commerce college of the city. Methods : Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used to evaluate effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding ill effects of internet addiction among adolescents of selected commerce college of the city. The sample size is 80 adolescents of commerce college of the city . The sampling technique used in this study was non probability - convenient sampling technique. The self structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared and tested for reliability and validity. The data collection was carried out in three phases and the data was analyzed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Result : The study result depicted that in pre test 63.75 % of the adolescents had poor level of knowledge score, 36.25 % had good level of knowledge score. In post test 43.75 % of the adolescents had poor level of knowledge score and 56.25 % of the adolescents had good level of knowledge score. the pre test the mean of the knowledge score obtained by the sample was 9.23 and in the post test it rises to 11.53. The knowledge score of the sample shows marked improvement after giving Self instructional module. From the above table, it is evident that the calculated 't' value is greater than the table value of 't' at 0.05 levels. This indicates that Self instructional module is effective in improving the knowledge of the adolescents of selected commerce college of the city regarding Ill effects of internet addiction. Conclusion : The present study concluded that the Self instructional module was effective in improving knowledge among adolescents and one way ANOVA shows hence it is significant association found in age and amount of time spent on internet in hours with knowledge of adolescents

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 Keywords

Knowledge, adolescents, ill effects, internet addiction, Self Instructional Module

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Normal children are healthy, happy and well adjusted. This adjustment is developed by providing basic emotional needs along with physical and physiological needs for their mental well being. The emotional needs are considered as emotional food for healthy behavior. The children are dependent on their parents, so parents are responsible for fulfilment of the emotional needs. Every child should have tender loving care and sense of security about protection from parents and family members. They should have opportunity for development of independence, trust, confidence and self-respect. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding behavioural problems of preschoolers among mothers in selected anganwadi centers of the city. Methods : Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used to evaluate Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding behavioural problems of preschoolers among mothers in selected anganwadi centers of the city.. The structured questionnaire was prepared and tested for reliability and validity. The data collection was carried out in three phases and the data was analysed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Result : The study result depicted that In pre test 16.67 % of the mothers had poor level of knowledge and 68.33 % of mothers had average level of knowledge score. In post test 23.33 % of the mothers had average level of knowledge and 76.67 % had good level of knowledge. The mean pre test knowledge score of mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers was 13.71 and mean percentages were 54.84. whereas in the mean post test knowledge score of mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers was 20.18 and mean percentages were 80.72. The knowledge score of the mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers shows marked improvement after giving Structured Teaching Programme. Conclusion : The study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding behavioural problems of preschoolers among mothers in selected anganwadi centers of the city. mean pre test knowledge score of mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers was 13.71 and it was in the post test 20.18. The knowledge score of the mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers shows marked improvement after giving Structured Teaching Programme. This indicates that Structured Teaching Programme is effective in improving the knowledge of Mothers regarding Behavioural problems of preschoolers

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Knowledge, Structured teaching programme, behavioural problems, and preschoolers

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Abstract The present study is focused on perception and satisfactory level of beneficiaries of Government schemes of unorganized sector were collected for financial inclusion. Empirical data from 704 women respondents in Mysore District. Five Government Schemes of such as PMJDY, APY, PMJJBY, PMSYM and SSY were selected for the study with nine perceptual factors and Ten satisfaction factors. The result proved that there is positive correlation between perceptual factor and satisfaction Level of respondents in availing benefits of financial inclusion through selected Government schemes of unorganized sector in Mysore District.

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Key words: Government Schemes, Financial Inclusion perception, Satisfaction.

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Market research plays a pivotal role in entrepreneurial success. It gives businesses the insights to align their products and services with consumer demand, identify emerging market opportunities, and reduce business risks. This paper explores various market research strategies entrepreneurs employ, ranging from traditional methods such as primary and secondary research to more modern data-driven approaches enabled by advanced technologies. It delves into how these strategies are employed across different industries and business sizes, emphasizing the growing role of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and social media analytics in shaping contemporary market research practices. As the business landscape becomes increasingly dynamic, entrepreneurs must adapt their research methodologies to stay competitive in fast-changing markets. Through examining case studies and theoretical frameworks, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of different market research approaches, highlighting their impact on decision-making, product development, and business growth. The analysis further explores how entrepreneurs leverage new tools and techniques to understand better consumer behaviour, forecast market trends, and gain insights into competitor strategies. In addition, the paper investigates the challenges entrepreneurs face when conducting market research, including resource constraints, data overload, and the risk of bias, and offers practical solutions for overcoming these obstacles. By synthesizing theoretical perspectives with practical applications, this paper provides valuable guidance for entrepreneurs looking to enhance their market research strategies, ultimately contributing to sustainable business growth and innovation in the modern marketplace.

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Entrepreneurship, market research, business strategies, consumer behaviour, innovation.

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Railroad infrastructure is crucial for transportation safety and efficiency, with defects like cracks, misalignments, and wear posing serious risks. While traditional manual inspections are labor-intensive and prone to error, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques offer automated, accurate solutions. In contrast, deep learning models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) like VGG16, ResNet50, and InceptionV3, autonomously extract features from raw data, improving defect detection. Semantic segmentation with models like VGG16 and InceptionV3 enables precise defect localization. Transfer learning and synthetic data generation address challenges such as limited datasets and complex environments. Despite progress, issues like imbalanced datasets and real-time deployment persist, but integration of transfer learning offer solutions to improve operational safety and accuracy. Comparative analysis reveals that VGG16 outperforms ResNet50 and InceptionV3, achieving the highest accuracy of 91.64%, followed by ResNet50 (89.46%) and InceptionV3 (81.26%).

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Rail Track Defect, Anomaly Detection, Deep Learning, Artificial Neural Network, Convolutional Neural Network.

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Context: The frozen shoulder is a common cause of shoulder pain and decrease in range of motion. Patients with Adhesive capsulitis have difficulties in everyday activities (dressing, grooming, and performing overhead reaching activities and so on for a period of several months to several years) and shoulder pain disturbing sleep at night on the affected side. Most patients slowly improve over 12 to 24 months. Some have prolonged loss of movement, pain, and associated disability. Various treatments options include physiotherapy, corticosteroid injections, and manipulation etc... Clinical trials of these treatments have produced conflicting results. So, the aim of the study is to focus on ultrasound with and without spencer muscle energy technique on functional disability among peri-arthritis shoulder. Most of the study focused on the treatment duration of 3 to 4 months for peri-arthritis shoulder. The novelty of this study is to know the effectiveness of spencer muscle energy technique on ROM and Functional disability with the short duration of 4 weeks among patient with peri-arthritis shoulder. Settings and Design: 80 patient were selected based on selection criteria and they were divided in to two group pre- test score were taken using SPADI and GONIOMETER and then Group A gets (Intervention) spencer muscle energy technique along with ultra sound and then group B gets (control) ultra sound for a period of 4 week and at the end of last session post - test of functional disability score using (SPADI) and range of motion score using (GONIOMETER) were taken. Result: The results of this study show significant improvement in spencer muscle energy technique with ultrasound therapy Group A much better than the ultrasound therapy Group B among peri arthritis shoulder.

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Ultrasound, Spencer Muscle Energy Technique, Peri Arthritis Shoulder

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In my previous research paper, I identified an opportunity to promote natural ventilation that increases IEQ and energy efficiency for libraries that have high occupancy duration by their users. Examples using information gathered through CFD analysis and real-time monitoring are used to illustrate how passive design solutions can effectively minimize artificial cooling requirements while maintaining thermal comfort. Recommendations focus on user-centric features, including climate adaptation features, such as adopting mixed-flow and forced ventilation systems where noise, dust and fluctuating climates can be problematic. In this research paper, I will describe the types of natural ventilation, materials used in designing and their properties, and sun path and direction for the same topic as my previous research paper which I will apply in my library design to improve the use of natural ventilation in the library.

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1. Cross ventilation 2. Single-sided ventilation 3. Stack ventilation 4. Terracotta 5. Laminated glass and tinted sheet 6. Sun path and direction 7. Acoustic

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