Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

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Abstract: The lotus, a flower known for its beauty and serenity, has a deep cultural and spiritual significance that is very unique in the art and symbolism of India and Sri Lanka. This research explores the historical evolution and symbolic meanings of the lotus within these two cultures, where the flower is intricately tied to religious, artistic, and philosophical traditions. In Hinduism and Buddhism, the lotus flower is associated with divinity and spiritual purity, and is often depicted meaningfully in religious texts and iconography. Its influence extends to temple-related architecture, sculptures, and paintings, which not only have an aesthetic meaning but also represent deep spiritual beliefs. The lotus serves as a bridge connecting the material and spiritual worlds and symbolizes enlightenment and the journey to transcendence. By examining religious scriptures, temple structures, and artistic expressions, this paper traces the lotus's enduring presence in the cultural fabric of India and Sri Lanka. Through an analysis of its symbolic representation, the study underscores the lotus's central role in shaping the spiritual and aesthetic values of these civilizations. The research highlights the interconnectedness of art, religion, and philosophy in understanding the lotus's significance, offering new insights into how a simple flower became a potent symbol of spiritual and artistic expression in these regions.

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Keywords: Lotus symbolism, Hinduism and lotus, Buddhism and lotus, religious iconography, Spiritual symbolism, Aesthetic ideals, Cultural significance of lotus, Indian and Sri Lankan culture

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The Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) method of teaching mathematics material has had remarkable success in primary education. With the correct assistance of their teachers, beginners can understand the concepts they are studying. Making significant linkages between concrete, symbolic, and abstract levels of thinking is a conceptually supported field of study. CRA is a research-based intervention that recommends math lessons that improve kids' numeracy and mathematical attitudes. This method's requirement for a set order of tasks creates a distinctive learning environment with several advantages for lower-level teachers and students. This study was created to assess how well the CRA technique is used in numeracy, particularly when estimating and computing whole numbers. The students' work was evaluated as part of a pre-survey to determine how well they understood the course material and how they felt about their capacity to retain it. The student responses were compared to their pre-survey replies after a CRA activity to see if there had been any changes in the students' understanding of tangency and how effectively they could follow the activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability and efficacy of applying the CRA approach to numeracy.

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CRA, FLN, Numeracy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Individualized career guidance becomes a very difficult task with the rapid changes going on in various industries as well as in the field of career opportunities. Traditional career counselling methods lack depth and flexibility to cater to students and professionals based on different types of personalization through aspirations, abilities, experience, and market trends. Thus, we offer the development of an AI-Enhanced Career Guidance System based on fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to make advice extremely personal but very actionable on the basis of career paths. User inputs such as domain preference, career expectations, location, salary range, experience level, technological skills, education background, aptitude scores, and awareness of current trends are captured in the system. The information is then matched to channel enhanced fine-tuning of LLMs for career guidance tasks; it can give tailored recommendations for three suggested job roles (from which the specific end-user can select) along with detailed guidelines for career progression. To enhance accuracy and the ability to dominate context, a RAG framework features in it, thus allowing the model to retrieve and append latest industry information, related trends, and thereby offer "live," or near real-time recommendations. This enables the evaluation of potential gaps in skills and what targeted learning can be used to bridge these gaps in future pathways. It accommodates everyone from fresh students who want to jump into their careers to those who are bringing new directions or advancements with their already professional lives. The proposed system aligns individual strengths, aspirations, and market demands to enable better satisfaction with the professional world, improved outcomes of progress in that world, and scalable, adaptable applicability over diverse educational and professional contexts. The present work demonstrates how powerful AI-based systems can be in transforming the face of career counselling by providing customized, data-driven insights that keep pace with industry and individual profiles over time.

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AI-powered career guidance, personalized career pathways, fine-tuned LLMs, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), skill gap analysis, career progression recommendations

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Abstract In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, dynamic market conditions, and increasing global uncertainties, traditional management models fall short in addressing organizational complexities. This paper introduces a novel approach, Adaptive Leadership for Organizational Resilience, which synthesizes insights from systems thinking, complexity science, and leadership theory. The adaptive leadership model prioritizes decentralized decision-making, continuous learning, and the development of emotional intelligence across all organizational levels. By analyzing case studies and empirical evidence, the paper highlights how adaptive leadership empowers teams, fosters innovation, and cultivates a resilient organizational culture. The findings underscore that organizations adopting this approach are better prepared to navigate crises, maintain long-term performance, and thrive in an ever-changing environment.

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KEY WORDS Strategic Leadership | Organizational Resilience | Adaptive Decision-Making | Market Disruptions | Leadership in Crisis | Organizational Agility | Innovation Management | Change Management | Decentralized Decision-Making | Crisis Response | Adaptive Leadership | Resilience Strategies | Organizational Adaptability | Disruption Management | Strategic Adaptation | Continuous Learning

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In this thesis, a thorough modeling framework is presented for the purpose of optimizing the functioning of a microgrid that is integrated with electric vehicles (EVs) and load profiles that are responsive. Because of the growing incorporation of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources into the power grid, it is essential to manage energy resources in an effective manner in order to improve grid stability, lower operational costs, and guarantee the utilization of energy in a sustainable manner. Demand-side management tactics, optimizing energy storage, and the dynamic charging and discharging of electric vehicles are all incorporated into the framework that has been presented. This framework also takes into account the unpredictability of load demand and the generation of renewable energy. The model seeks to minimize energy expenditures and maximize the use of renewable energy while ensuring system reliability by utilizing advanced optimization techniques such as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and machine learning algorithms. These techniques are utilized in order to reduce the overall cost of energy. It is possible for the microgrid to adjust to fluctuating energy demands thanks to the incorporation of responsive load profiles, which in turn promotes efficient energy utilization. In order to illustrate the usefulness of the framework in terms of enhancing operational efficiency, lowering grid dependency, and offering economic and environmental benefits, simulation results from case studies have been shown to be beneficial. The findings of this study contribute to the creation of micro grids that are both sustainable and intelligent, and that are able to manage the complexities of current energy systems in the presence of electric vehicles and dynamic load behaviors'.

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Abstract: This research article analyses whether therapeutic toys are affordable as well as effective traditional human therapy in helping children with emotional and psychological needs. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and limitations of using therapeutic toys as a viable alternative to traditional therapy. By examining factors such as effectiveness, affordability, and accessibility. This study has shed light on whether therapeutic toys are a valuable addition to existing therapeutic practices. Additionally, a holistic data collection method employed to gather relevant information, which concludes the importance of therapeutic toys and its affordance in therapy carefully analyzed to draw well-informed conclusions.

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Therapy, Children's well-being, Affordability

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Software Defined Networking (SDN) introduces a modern approach to networking by separating the control and data planes, providing a centralized view of the network for better management and adaptability. However, this centralized architecture makes the controller a prime target for security threats, particularly Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can flood the system and disrupt legitimate user access. To address this challenge, we present a hybrid machine learning approach that leverages Neural Networks and Ensemble Methods for detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks. The proposed model demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy, detection rate, and false alarm reduction compared to traditional machine learning techniques.

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Software Defined Networking, Machine Learning, DDoS Detection, Neural Networks, Ensemble Techniques, Voting Classifier, Stacking Classifier

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Tobacco smokingis one of theleadingcauses of disease burden around the globe. Based on current trends, it is estimated that tobacco smoking will account for 8.4 million premature deaths each year by 2020 (a180% increase from 1999). Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable cancers. WHO estimated around 1.27 billion tobacco users world-wide. Tobacco consumption alone accounts for nearly 5.4 million deaths per year and one billion people may die in this century if global tobacco consumption remained at the current levels. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards after intervention. Methods : Quasi-experimental non randomized control group design was used to evaluate Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards working in selected tertiary care hospital of the city. The structured questionnaire was prepared and tested for reliability and validity. The data collection was carried out in three phases and the data was analysed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Result : The study result depicted that in pre test level of knowledge in experimental group was majority 55% having poor knowledge (0-8) and 45% having average knowledge(9-17). The overall mean is 9.3+- 2.93. In experimental group the post test regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards was majority 52.5 % was having average knowledge(9-17) and 47.5 % was having good knowledge(18-25). The overall mean is 16.1+- 2.95. In pre test level of knowledge in control group regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards was majority 67.5 % was having poor knowledge(0-8) and 32.5% was having average knowledge(9-17). The overall mean is 8.7+- 1.64. In control group the post test of knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards. Majority 65% was having poor knowledge(0-8) and 35 % was having average knowledge (9-17). The overall mean is 8.7+- 1.65. Conclusion : The study was concluded that the structured teaching program have significant improvement in knowledge about health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards working in selected tertiary care hospital of the city .Knowledge score in post-test was significantly high as compared to that in pre-test in both control and experimental group . It is evident that the knowledge among security guards regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence improved significantly after structured teaching program

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Structured teaching program, health hazards, nicotine dependence and security guards

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Investigation of the Role of AI in Enhancing Accessibility Tools for Special Needs Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of complex neurodevelopment conditions characterized by a range of symptoms and challenges related to social interaction, communication, and behavior. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and behaviors that can vary from one individual to another. However, there are some common characteristics associated with autism. It's important to note that not all individuals with autism will exhibit all of these characteristics, and the severity and combination of these traits can vary significantly.

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Autism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition