Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Land Revenue Administration of Colonial Rule in Dakshina Kannada Article meticulously details how the Colonial rule transition of Dakshina Kannada and after fundamentally reshaped its governance, particularly its revenue administration. In sum, the colonial administration successfully streamlined the collection of revenue through the Ryotwari system, making it a major source of income. However, it did so at the steep cost of agricultural prosperity and completely neglected regional welfare. The legacy of over-assessment, debt bondage, and tenant insecurity laid the foundation for the region's economic distress in independent India were compelled to address.

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 Keywords

Kanara, Dakshina Kannada, Colonialism, Land Revenue administration, land tenures, Ryotwari Sysyem, Thomas Munro

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The prompt augmentation of digital payment systems has transformed the financial landscape, offering new opportunities to enhance financial inclusion, especially in developing economies. This study examines the transformative impact of digital payment systems on financial inclusion, defined as the accessible and affordable availability of formal financial services to underserved and excluded populations. In an era of rapid technological advancement, digital payments including mobile money, digital wallets, and online banking platforms are widely posited as critical tools for bridging the financial access gap. The findings indicate that digital payment systems significantly contribute to financial inclusion by enabling easier account usage, fostering savings habits, and improving access to credit and government welfare transfers. The research concludes that strengthening digital infrastructure, promoting financial literacy, and ensuring regulatory support are essential for maximizing the inclusive potential of digital payment systems.

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 Keywords

Digital Payments, Financial Inclusion, Mobile Money, FinTech, Financial Access, Digital Infrastructure, Financial Literacy.

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Background: Botulinum toxin (Botox) has gained significant application in both therapeutic and aesthetic dentistry. However, awareness and understanding among undergraduate dental students remain inconsistent. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of Botulinum toxin among undergraduate dental students, focusing on its applications, safety, and educational relevance. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2025 among 129 dental students at a private dental college in Chennai. Data were collected using a structured, prevalidated online questionnaire and analyzed using Microsoft Excel to determine percentage distributions. Results: The majority of participants (97.7%) had heard of Botox, primarily through social media (20.9%). While awareness of cosmetic applications was high, knowledge regarding therapeutic uses and safety aspects was moderate. Most students (67.4%) supported curricular inclusion, and 77.5% expressed interest in further training. Conclusion: The study highlights strong awareness but limited clinical understanding, emphasizing the need for structured Botox education and ethical training in dental curricula.

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Botulinum toxin, Dental students, Awareness, Aesthetic dentistry, Curriculum integration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nutraceuticals come from food. substances can offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition. They may consist of minerals, vitamins, plants, or other bioactive substances. This abstract explores how Nutraceuticals might treat health concerns, cover nutritional gaps, and avoid chronic diseases. Popular Nutraceuticals include omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.To choose the correct Nutraceutical, visit a healthcare practitioner, investigate reputed products, and carefully read labels.Nutraceuticals should be used as a supplement, not in place of a healthy diet and lifestyle.

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Deficiencies in Nutraceuticals, probiotics, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, disease prevention, and functional foods.

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ABSTRACT A serious issue is antibiotic resistant infections because they lead to increased illness, more deaths and more expensive care. Since conventional antibiotics are ineffective in case of these powerful bacteria, there is a big need for new ways to treat diseases. Probiotics in our gut become unbalanced, it can make us unwell. One method, called Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), involves giving healthy gut bacteria from one person to another. This method has been very useful in rebalancing of gut bacteria. FMT has demonstrated high efficacy in treating recurrent infections caused by Clostridioides difficile by helping to increase the variety of bacteria, control the body's chemistry, prevent harmful bacteria from overpowering, and make the gut stronger. Numerous studies suggest that this treatment works most of the time and is usually safe, but there are still some problems to solve, like making sure the process is done the same way each time, checking donors carefully, and understanding if there are prolonged threats. The aim of this review is to evaluate how well FMT works, how it affects the body, the situations where it is used, and the challenges that still exist. Additional study is necessary to make FMT better, keep it safe, and use it for more kinds of diseases that are related to the gut bacteria and antibiotic resistance .

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Keywords: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Clostridioides difficile infection, Antibiotic-Resistant Infections, gut microbiota, Probiotics

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Internet based marketplaces like Amazon have changed the way people shop in the entire world giving consumers access to millions of products and services. Nevertheless, with the swift growth of the e-commerce business, fake reviews are another product of excessive growth that confuses consumers and undermines the trust in online platforms. Fake reviews are adept and challenging to be detected and classified as fake reviews. The study of fake review detection and classification methods is well-represented in this survey with particular attention paid to Amazon dataset. The paper examines more conventional machine learning methods, more modern deep learning architectures, as well as hybrid systems, applied to detecting fraudulent reviews. In addition, it discusses the problems, measurement criteria, and the new areas of focus in the domain, providing a considerable opportunity to researchers and practitioners who can develop new ways to increase trustworthiness in online marketplaces.

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Fake Review, Amazon Dataset, Online Marketplaces, Review Classification, Machine Learning, Deep Learning

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Chyawanprash, a classical Ayurvedic Rasayana is famous for its purported health benefits. It includes immune system enhancement, antiaging effects, longevity and cognitive improvement. This work explores the composition, therapeutic properties. of Chyawanprash focusing on how it functions, its preparation and health promoting effects. Vitamin C correct the system, reduces bio-toxin, repair and help to heal the system. The best fruit to resource Vitamin C by cost is Amalaki. The season when fresh Amalaki is not available: its product Chyawanprash could be a choice not for Vitamin C supplement but for overall immunity growth too. With Amla as its base and synergetic rise of over 40 herbs. Chyawanprash provides a rich source of antioxidants and adaptogens. The study reaffirms Chyawanprash as a timeless health tonic suitable for addressing the challenges of modern-day health and wellness.

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Chyawanprash. Rasayana. Amla. Emblica officinalis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Material Memory, Partition, Symbolism, Gendered Memories, Intergenerational trauma.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Molecular docking, BCL-2, Antibacterial, Anticancer, MCF-7

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial intelligence, machine learning, Nano particles, Genotyping, personalized treatment

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