Volume 6 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

A fresh watermarking strategy on the basis of discrete wavelet transform in conjunction with aging leader-based particle swarm optimization based SVD has been proposed in this paper. The watermark scrambling has also been done by using the Arnold transform to safeguard it. Arnold transform modify the watermark in such a way that it becomes meaningless for the hackers or crackers. The use of aging leader-based particle swarm optimization based SVD has been improved the speed and security of the watermarking technique further. Extensive analysis reveals that the proposed technique outperforms existing watermarking techniques

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 Keywords

Discrete wavelet transform, Singular value decomposition, Arnold transform, Artificial Bee Colony

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 Abstract

Body proportions are the significant phenotypic characteristics of human beings. Study of human morphology allowed research to focus on more meaningful biological, medical, social and aesthetic implications. Sixty eight normal Indian females of age ranges from 3 to 49 years of four height groups were studied for data collection. Five different body parts, viz. leg length, foot length, arm span, cephalic diameter and hand length in percentage of height was calculated to determine growth pattern i.e. allometric or isometric. The result showed that hand length and foot length changes isometrically, while, negative allometric growth is observed in arm span and cephalic diameter. Only leg length showed slight positive allometric growth. Regression equations are formulated by using five body parts against height and all these analyses showed positive significant correlation. The fixed ratio of arm span /height in the present study is 1.12 which is different from the unisex value 1.06. Findings of other workers and present study suggested that the ratio varies with age, ethnicity and sex.

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 Keywords

Allometric growth, arm span/height ratio, body parts, height, isometric growth

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cloud computing has become popular due to its wide range of applications via internet. The service composition based techniques that are conscious from the server selection from the cloud can progress to the cost and efficiency of cloud computing. This paper has focused on the comprehensive review on security-sensitive scheduling techniques. The comparative analysis indicates that existing techniques suffer from various issues. The overall objective of this paper is to compare and evaluate the various limitations in existing job scheduling techniques. In the end of this paper, suitable future challenges have also been presented

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 Keywords

concurrency ,DAG scheduling

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 Abstract

An ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Due to the nature of ad hoc networks, secure routing is an important area of research in developing secured routing protocols. Although researchers have proposed several secure routing protocols, their resistance towards various types of attacks and efficiency are primary points of concern in implementing these protocols. Some of the available secure routing protocols and most common network layer attacks against mobile ad hoc networks are evaluated. Secure routing protocols are analysed against the most commonly identified network layer attacks such as: denial-ofservice attack, tunneling, spoofing, blackhole attack and wormhole attack and their comparative analysis is also done

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 Keywords

MANET, Secure Routing Protocols, Network Layer Attacks and Analysis.

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 Abstract

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 Keywords

MANET, Trust, Cluster based, Maturity based, PKI, ABED.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper the authors will be discussing the security issues in MANET & the methods to protect it. Authors will be talk about related work in securing the network, different type of attacks, how to sense these sorts of attack, what are the features of MANET, then will be describing what the requirements for securing network are. Investigation had been done in past to maintain the network from attacks but due to the feature of MANET, inappropriate infrastructure and due to the disperse network quality it is open to attack. Authors will be tackling the defence against each attack. Solution has been suggested, So that the users can use proper authentication techniques and network resources can be properly utilized.

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 Keywords

Mobile Ad hoc Network MANET, Destination Sequence Distance Vector DSDV, Dynamic Source routing DSR, Ad-hoc on demand distance vector AOD , Truster Mobile Node TrMN, Associated Trusted Mobile Node (ATMn), Trusted Mobile Node (TdMN), Secure temporarily ordered routing Protocol STOP, Cluster based trust aware routing protocol (CBTRP), Intrusion detection system (IDS), Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS), System integrity verifiers (SIV), Log file monitors (LFM).

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The idea of making a compact and low cost 3 axis CNC MILLING MACHINE comes from increase in demand of low cost and Portable machine..As the increase in rapid growth of technology and software available..It is not difficult so we decided to make a machine which can mill the wood, plastics, thin sheet and alloy..Design and Fabrication is done using a Precision Stepper Motor that combined with Belt and Pulley arrangement on the gantry type aluminum structure on which the x and y axis is smoothly slide on rail bearing and for z axis we use Threaded rod and arrangement for up and down motion that increases and more precisely result obtained..It is an Microcontroller (Arduino uno) based embedded system with a standard Pc user interface software for easy drawing..The System also features an offline G code parser and then interpretated on the microcontroller from a USB. Improved procedures are employed in the system to reduce the computational overheads in controlling a 3-axis CNC machine, while avoiding any loss in overall system performance.

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 Keywords

Mini CNC milling,3axis, Arduino

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Arduinounomicrocontroller, wheelchair, motors, HM2007 voice recognition kit

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The energy policy of India is largely defined by the country's expanding energy deficit and increased focus on developing alternative sources of energy. The primary energy consumption in India is the third biggest after China and USA with 5.3% global share in 2015. In 2013, India's net imports are nearly 255.3 Mtone of primary energy which is equal to 42.9% of total primary energy consumption. India is largely dependent on fossil fuel imports to meet its energy demands by 2030. India's dependence on energy imports is expected to exceed 53% of the country's total energy consumption. India's growing energy demands and limited domestic fossil fuel reserves, concerns about climate change from greenhouse gas emissions and the desire to promote domestic rural economies, the country has ambitious plans to expand towards renewable energy resources. The current availability of biomass in India is estimated at about 500 million metric tones. The biomass sources contribute 14% of global energy and 38% of energy in developing countries. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Sources (MNERS) has proposed to reach total 4324.22 MW of power generation in villages based on biomass power and gasification as well as co-generation. the cost of bio-ethanol was considerably higher than the cost of fossil gasoline supply. lignocellulosic materials are an attractive option for the production of bio-fuels. Lignocellulosic materials serve as a cheap and abundant feedstock, which is required to produce fuel ethanol from Biomass resources at reasonable costs. White-rot fungi are the most effective basidiomycetes for biological pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials. so lignicolous fungi like Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete sordid, Sporotrichum pulverulentum, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Cyathus stercoreus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Lenzites betulinus, etc. were used for bioethanol production. The white rot fungi present in Andhra Pradesh also useful for bio ethanol fuel production.

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 Keywords

Bioethanol, Bio fuel, Economy, Energy needs, white rot fungi

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 Abstract

Comparative studies on performances of least mean square (LMS) algorithm and recursive least square (RLS) algorithm for the design of adaptive smart antenna of microstrip array are presented in this paper. Microstrip array considered here is E-plane array. Beamforming using RLS algorithm provides reduced side lobe level (SLL) compared to that using LMS algorithm and directivity of radiation beam in RLS algorithm is higher than that obtained using LMS algorithm.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

- Smart antenna, LMS Algorithm, RLS Algorithm, side lobe level

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition