Volume 6 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Glaucoma is the major cause of blindness in working population. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intra-ocular pressure inside the eye leading to changes in the optic disc and optic nerve. It does not reveal its symptoms until later stage. Hence, regular screening of the patients is required to identify the disease, thus demanding high labor, time and expertise. Thus, computational techniques are sought for their analysis. In existing system work involves segmentation of blood vessels, segmentation of optic disc through proposed maximum voting of three segmentation algorithms (K-Means, Wavelet and Histogram based), segmentation of optic cup through intensity thresholding, feature extraction from these segmented structures, feature selection to identify significant features, hybrid model involving Naive Bayes to remove noise in data followed by ensemble classification of Reduced Error Pruning Tree. The proposed framework is evaluated on HRF image data set. The data set consists of 30 images, out of which 15 are normal images and 15 are Glaucoma affected images. The implementation of the proposed work was done through Matlab 2013a. The result of first project is efficiency of optic disc segmentation. Then, results show the Glaucoma detection without eliminating instance with AN-fish algorithm. Then the classification accuracy obtained after eliminating instances through AN-fish are reported. The SVM classification results are reported on features with and without feature selection.

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 Keywords

Glaucoma, segmentation, optic disc, HRF image, classification.

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ABSTRACT Object: To determine the role and significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in defining the etiology and severity of epilepsy. Methods and material The study population included the patients who were referred to the Department of Radio diagnosis with the complaint of Epilepsy. MRI of 1.5T Philips Achieva Nova was used. This study was an observational study on these patients which was a prospective observational study conducted on epilepsy patients. Plain and contrast MRI were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The role of MRI as a very important imaging tool in Epilepsy patients owing to its property of excellent soft tissue contrast. Different sequences and variety of recent advances e.g. Diffusion weighted imaging however CT scan plays very important role as a diagnostic imaging modality especially in patients with epilepsy. MRI plays a very important role in hippocampus sclerosis with the help of epilepsy protocol. Conclusion: CT scan has got very important role as a diagnostic imaging modality in seizure patients. MR imaging provides adjuvant role in imaging of patients where CT scan was normal or is not able to provide a definitive diagnosis. MRI technique with epilepsy protocol gives best result in hippocampus sclerosis.

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 Keywords

MRI, Epilepsy protocol, Hippocampus sclerosis

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 Abstract

One of the modern medical application is the ability to synthesize nonribosomally bioactive peptides and ketides from widely spread cyanobacteria. Which are cyclic or branched cyclic compounds containing non-proteinogenic amino acids, small heterocyclic rings and other usual modification in the peptide backbone. They are synthesized by multimodular enzymes from simple building blocks. The key principle is to study NRPS and PKS enzymes unveiled by Biochemical and Genetic Studies. This review focuses on how bioinformatics tools and software were used to predict the enzyme, substrate and structure of an individual compound.

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 Keywords

NRPS, PKS, Cyanobacteria, Cyanotoxins, Secondary Metabolites.

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Automatic Gear Transmission System, Similitude between AT and AMT, Strategy of Shifting of gear.

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Academic Libraries, Electronic Magazines, Awareness and Trends, Future perspective, Users Study.

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We are all well know about how difficult to start an enterprise in our nation, but while running a business as a womanexpression and follows many business ethics and taking more and more risk. Hence the researcher determining and discussing about the problems and risk-taking factors in an enterprise, managerial tactics to run the business.Statement of the problem If, females are more ethical than males, as the literature on the subject generally suggests, engaging and encouraging females in their careers would certainly promote an ethical environment and business risks. The researcher made some objectives are to study business ethics and risk management techniques of women entrepreneurs and the second one is suggestions for managing risk and business ethics of women entrepreneurs.Scope of the Study relates to the Risk Management and business ethics of Women Entrepreneurs in India.

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Risk Management, Business Ethics, Women Entrepreneurs, Problems

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 Abstract

Several biometrics like face, iris, retina, etc., are used in rendering security to the information or key. Instead of using PINs and passwords as Crypto-Keys that are either easy to forget or vulnerable to dictionary attacks, easy-to-carry and difficult-to-transfer keys can be generated based on user-specific biometric information. In this paper, a framework is proposed to generate stable Crypto-Keys from biometric data that is unstable in nature. The proposed framework differs from prior work in that user-dependent transforms are utilized to generate more compact and distinguishable features. Thereby, a longer and stable bitstream can be generated as the Crypto-Key. Experiments are performed on one face database to verify the feasibility of the proposed framework. The preliminary result is very encouraging. The generation of Crypto-Key from biometrics is used generally to secure the system. This paper examines the possibility of using biometric attribute to overcome common problems in having a single biometric scheme for authentication. Here key generated by using Face biometric factors. Crypto-Key is an important entity in this process. In general, randomly generated Crypto-Key (of 256 bits) is difficult to remember. However, such a key needs to be stored in a protected place or transported through a shared communication line which, in fact, poses another threat to security. As an alternative to this, researchers advocate the generation of Crypto-Key using the biometric traits of both sender and receiver during the sessions of communication, thus avoiding key storing and at the same time without compromising the strength in security. Elements of combined template are shuffled using shuffle key and hash of the shuffled template generates a unique session key.In this paper, we first propose a simple and effective protocol to securely share such crypto-biometric keys. Moreover, we propose another protocol to generate and share session keys which are valid for only one communication session. This protocol achieves mutual authentication between the client and the server without the need of trusted third party certificates. This protocol also facilitates easy online updating of templates. For experimentation,We have tested our work using the face images from publicly available face databases, protocols are evaluated for biometric verification performance on a subset of the NIST-FRGCv2 face database

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 Keywords

Biometrics, DNA, Face, Fingerprint, , Hand geometry, Iris, Retina, Crypto-Key

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 Abstract

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Adaptive filters, LMS algorithm, FIR Filters, ECG, MATLAB etc.

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The detection of vehicles has been receiving attention in the computer vision community because vehicles are such a significant part of our life. Everyone knows how much amount of traffic increases on the road day by day. To control and managing the large amount of traffic in urban areas, the vehicle detection is a very important technique for analyzing and detecting different types of vehicles on the road which is very helpful for the traffic department for recognizing and monitoring the vehicles, intelligent parking system, prevention and investigation of accidental activities. This paper presents a study on vehicle detection. Also, various techniques used to detect vehicles are discussed in this paper and a survey based on vehicle detection is performed.

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 Keywords

Vehicle detection, traffic surveillance, knowledge based method, motion based method, wavelet based method.

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 Abstract

The most widely used modulation technique for wireless communications is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). To provide high data rates OFDM uses parallel data transmission system is used. Digital modulation techniques contribute in our mobile wireless communications by increasing the capacity, speed as well as the quality of the wireless network.We find the a simple OFDM system , find the relation between Eb/No (Bit to Noise ratio) and Es/No (Signal to Noise ratio) and compute the bit error rate with BPSK.

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The most widely used modulation technique for wireless communications is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). To provide high data rates OFDM uses parallel data transmission system is used. Digital modulation techniques contribute in our mobile wireless communications by increasing the capacity, speed as well as the quality of the wireless network.We find the a simple OFDM system , find the relation between Eb/No (Bit to Noise r

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