Volume 6 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Abstract Use of spiders as biological agents against crop pest is an important alternative to the chemical insecticides. Prey searching ability, wide host range, case of multiplication and polyphagus nature of spiders make them a biological suppresser. The present study explores the significance of spiders in control of insect pests of vineyard, main cash crop of the farmers of some villages of Tasgaon Tehsil, Dist. Sangli (M.S.). Total four different pests viz., aphid, mealybug, leaf hopper and thrips, which mainly cause damage to the vineyard and six species of spiders viz., Argiope anasuja, Leucauge decorate, Araneas mitificus, Thomisus spe., Telamonia dimidiate and Ageleana spe., which feed on above pests are selected for the study. Role of spiders as predators on these four selected pests is studied under laboratory conditions. The predatory potential of each spider species is evaluated by the feding them on these four pests for 10 days. The spider species Argiope anasuja and Thomisus species are found to the more effective in reducing the pest insects. The results are analyzed with present literature.

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 Keywords

Spider, insect pest, vineyard, Tasgaon Tehsil.

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Mobile ad hoc network have various open issues and challenges for research and development. In this presented work the efficient route selection is a key area of investigation and solution design. In this context network is basically suffers from availability of routing nodes and their workload. The overloaded nodes in network are not efficient for utilizing high speed communication. Therefore a route selection process is required that offers best path among the various routes available between source and destination. The proposed approach introduces a data mining technique to obtain such efficient node. Therefore the technique involves the study of K-nearest nearest neighbor classifier for classifying the best route. In a basic process sequence first a buffer utilization threshold is need to compute which is used to label each node of the routing path. After labeling of the route nodes the KNN search process that finds most fit sequence of route node is performed. The proposed approach is efficient and promising for discovering optimal route among two communicating nodes. The proposed concept is implemented over the AODV routing technique which is available on NS2 network simulator. After that the comparative performance is also evaluated with AODV routing technique. To perform comparative study PDR, energy consumption, throughput, end to end delay and the routing overhead is preferred as the key parameters. The simulation result shows that the proposed approach is outperform as compared to traditional technique.

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 Keywords

MANET, efficent routing, buffer management, load balancing, survey on buffer management

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Islanded operation, due to the effects of mismatched line impedance, the reactive power could not be shared accurately with the conventional droop method. To improve the reactive power sharing accuracy, this paper proposes an improved droop control method. The proposed method mainly includes two important operations: error reduction operation and voltage recovery operation. The sharing accuracy is improved by the sharing error reduction operation, which is activated by the low-bandwidth synchronization signals. However, the error reduction operation will result in a decrease in output voltage amplitude. Therefore, the voltage recovery operation is proposed to compensate the decrease. The needed communication in this method is very simple, and the plug-and-play is reserved. Simulations and experimental results show that the improved droop controller can share load active and reactive power, enhance the power quality of the micro grid, and also have good dynamic performance.

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 Keywords

Distributed Generation (DG), Micro Grid, Maximum Power Point (MPP), Voltage-controlled method, LCL filter

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The study in the paper is about a mathematical model based on EOQ (Economic order Quantity) for holding cost using various functions with assumption of stock level dependent demand. It is to prove that the relation between cycle time and the total cost of inventory per unit is convex in nature. Two Mathematical models are established for finding optimum values of order quantity and total stock value. The models discussed refer to (i) stock dependent holding cost with assumption of instant replenishment and (ii) A quadratic function for time dependent Carrying cost with assumption of instant replenishment. The models said above are further illustrated using numerical examples. Numerical results are calculated through Mathematica 5.2 software. And, optimized solution with reference to the various variables is analyzed using sensitivity analysis done.

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 Keywords

Cost, Carrying cost, holding cost, Inventory, economic order quantity, Stock-Dependent Demand, total cost, Cycle time

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Streptomyces, Extracellular gold nanoparticles, Influencing parameters, cytotoxicity

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In the present investigation we could report the significant role of bioconjugate of Streptomyces tyrosinase and gold nanoparticles for the rapid detection of phenol constituents in the industrial effluents. The phenol constituents in the effluents of wine, paper and plastic industries were detected by Streptomyces tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosinase and bioconjugate of Streptomyces tyrosinase-gold nanoparticles. Bioconjugate was proved as most efficient for the detection of phenol constituents with highest color intensity and optical density, than mushroom tyrosinase followed by Streptomyces tyrosinase. Streptomyces tyrosinase and gold nanoparticles as bioconjugate could exhibit a much better rapid detection of phenol constituents. Formulation and development of a bioconjugate with both tyrosinase and gold nanoparticles synthesized by the same strain of Streptomyces tuirus DBZ39 was an innovative criteria employed for the rapid detection of phenol constituents in the industrial effluents. The stability of bioconjugate of tyrosinase and gold nanoaprticles was found to be stable up to six weeks, when compared to mushroom tyrosinase and gold nanoparticles. The bioconjugate could show a higher rapid detection time and stability because of greater biocompatibility between tyrosinase and gold nanoparticles, in the process of detection of phenol constituents, as both of them have been obtained from the same source. This strategy would be used in future for the development of a powerful biosensor.

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Streptomyces, Tyrosinase-Gold Nanoparticles, , Phenol Detection

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In this paper, we have constructed a vortex tube refrigeration system. Effects of inlet tangential nozzles, the tube diameter, and the diameter of the inlet nozzle on the temperature reduction in the tube were experimentally investigated. The general motivation of this thesis is to clarify the numerous assumptions and taking optimal data from various research papers in order to analyze the temperature difference obtained. Compared to previous studies, standard measurements and the fabrication techniques are improved to achieve accurate results. This paper presents experimental results of the energy separation in vortex tubes for different nozzle diameters keeping all other geometrical parameters constant. It is experimentally evidenced that the nozzle diameter greatly influences the separation performance and cooling efficiency. The most important point revealed in this paper is that there is an optimum nozzle diameter that gives the best performance of vortex tube. An experimental investigation has been performed to realize thorough behavior of a vortex tube refrigeration system. The counter flow vortex tube has been designed, manufactured and tested. The vortex tube is a non-conventional cooling device, which operates as a refrigerating unit without affecting environment. It has capability to separate hot and cold air stream from a high pressure inlet air; such phenomenon is called as temperature or energy separation process. The vortex tube performance depends on two types of parameters, firstly air or working parameters such as inlet pressure of compressed air, cold mass fraction and secondly tube or geometric parameters such as length of hot side tube, cold orifice diameter, number of nozzles, diameter of nozzle, cone valve angle and also material of vortex tube affects Coefficient of Performance (COP).

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 Keywords

Refrigeration, Nozzle, Temperature.

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Increase in population, industrialization and urbanization has led to the generation of thousands of tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) daily. The disposal of solid waste by open dumping or in landfill is the most common practice in developing countries. Main problem by this activity is generation of leachate and if not properly managed results in various environmental problems. Lysimeters have been widely applied to simulate landfills in the study of leachate generation. In this paper an attempt has been made to take stock of working of lysimeter and work carried out by researchers across the globe. A case study to investigate the effect of age of MSW on leachate contents has been attempted. Age of MSW is found to play an important role in affecting leachate concentration. The concentrations of various contents of leachate except pH were increased with the passing of time till the 30 days, and then decreases in last 10 days. However decrease in leachate pH with time has been observed, and is attributed to formation of fatty acids due to degradation of carbohydrates.

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MSW, Landfill, Lysimeter, Leachate characteristics

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 Abstract

Geocell reinforcement is a judicious combination of reduction of thickness and improvement of the life time of the pavement in terms of million standard axle (msa) and Bearing capacity of the soil . Geocells acts as a rigid mattress and are light weight with strong three dimensional cellular confinement system which greatly reduces the lateral movement of confined soil particles. The walls of the geocells are specially textured on both the sides for better soil-cell wall interaction and the perforated walls are provided to reduce the pore water pressure. This paper concerned with the design of pavement reinforced with geocell and its cost comparison with conventional flexible pavement.

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 Keywords

Soil confinement, Thickness reduction, Durability, Light Weight, Perforated Walls

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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 Keywords

Keywords: Education, Right, Students, schools, learning, appropriate classrooms

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