Volume 12 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Child marriage is a common thing found in numerous regions around the world and it poses significant legal and public health challenges, particularly concerning adolescent pregnancy rates. This paper delves into the intricate relationship between child marriage laws and their consequences for adolescent pregnancies. By examining the legal frameworks, enforcement mechanisms, and cultural influences associated with child marriage, this paper aims to elucidate how these laws impact adolescent pregnancy rates. Through a comparative analysis of child marriage laws in various jurisdictions, this research highlights the disparities in legal definitions, age of consent, and enforcement effectiveness. It also investigates the underlying cultural norms and socio-economic factors that perpetuate child marriage, influencing the prevalence of early and often high-risk pregnancies among adolescents. Beyond the legal dimension, this paper addresses broader public health concerns, linking child marriage to maternal and infant health outcomes. An understanding of the interplay between child marriage laws and adolescent pregnancy is critical for crafting evidence-based policies that safeguard the rights and health of young individuals. The outcomes of this paper inform advocacy initiatives and contribute to the global discourse on child marriage and its legal ramifications. By shedding light on the significance of child marriage laws on adolescent pregnancy trends, the study seeks to promote legislative measures that protect the reproductive and maternal health of young people and ultimately empower them to make appropriate choices about their future.

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 Keywords

Child Marriage, Adolescent Pregnancy, Legal Impact.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Investors always want to invest their surplus fund/savings in such profitable schemes which have low risks attached to it and have potential to fetch high returns in the future. Investment in Real estate is one alternative among many investments available in the market. Like any other assets, investment in real estate has also its own risk and returns. So, the problem lies whether an investor should invest in real estate or not to generate high returns in future. The main objective of this study is to identify the Return and risk involved in investments in residential real estate in Kolkata and to find out the best suitable place for investment. To get primary data for the analysis, discussions were done with Builders/contractors/brokers and investors in real estates. Also, housing sites like Magic bricks, Makaan, 99 acres, housing.com are reviewed as a part of the study. The conclusion drawn from the study is that as the ownership of the land where in the multi storeyed flat is built is shared among all the flat owners, so, if there is appreciation in the value of the land over which flat is built, the overall value of the flat also appreciates. The rising cost of building materials is also adding an increase in the value of flats. Returns in the form of capital appreciation and rental income in investing in residential real estate in Kolkata seems to be very high as the investment is comparably less than other metro cities, but return on investment seems to be high due to emerging opportunities. But, the amount of rent and rate of capital appreciation depends solely upon the locations. Locations which are close to corporate, markets, hospitals, schools, colleges and IT hub are more in demand. New Town seems to be the best location in Kolkata for the purpose of investment in property as the place is considered to be an IT hub of Kolkata. As the rates of new town are soaring high day by day, one who can't afford the purchase of flats in these areas can plan to purchase in nearby areas like kestopur/hatiara/saduli/Jagatpur/Gaurangnagar/Rajarhat which are underdeveloped or developing areas which can fetch high capital appreciation in nearby future.

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 Keywords

Risk and return, real estate, investments, portfolio diversification, residential properties in Kolkata

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In modern power system operations, demand side integration is one of the key functions which enables active consumer participation. Electric vehicles (EVs) encourage active participation of consumers for power management. In vehicle to grid integration (V2G), energy storage system (ESS) is connected with the grid through bidirectional converters. The topology for V2G integration consists of ESS, switching bidirectional buck-boost converter, full bridge inverter, and grid. Now-a-days, hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is an attractive solution for EVs. In this work, a topology for V2G with HESS is proposed. This topology comprises of an active HESS in which Li-ion battery is connected to the super capacitor via a bidirectional dc-dc half bridge converter, and full bridge inverter. The fuzzy logic controller using triangular membership functions and hysteresis current controller are proposed for inverters and bi-directional dc-dc converter respectively. The simulation of proposed topology is developed in MATLAB 2021 and the performance is verified.

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 Keywords

Vehicle to grid system(V2G), hybrid energy storage system, switching bi-direction buck-boost converter, Li-battery, Supercapacitor (SC).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The global reach of the internet and the proliferation of digital content have created immense difficulties for copyright enforcement in cyberspace. Copyright violations in the digital sphere, such as unauthorised distribution and digital piracy, are dangerous to content creators and rights holders. There is continuous concern regarding this violation and how it affects content industries' creative and economic incentives. There is a need to make new regulations because the interpretation and execution of the fair use doctrines in the digital sphere continue to be unresolved and controversial. The international domain of copyright protection cannot be ignored as the internet transcends geographical boundaries. The development of international norms is necessary to address the transnational nature of the digital content distribution. An overview of the complex problems with copyright protection in the digital era is given in this abstract, along with some possible solutions. Moreover, copyright protection in cyberspace also intersects with technological advancements. Emerging technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence make developing an effective copyright enforcement regime necessary. The methodology used in this article is doctrinal. This abstract emphasises copyright protection in cyberspace as an evolving research domain, including economic, legal, technological, and cultural aspects. To address these challenges, a concerted effort is required by researchers and policymakers to strike a balance between protecting copyright holder's rights and respecting user rights in the changing digital landscape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cyberspace, Digital Rights Management, Blockchain technology, Copyright Infringement, Intellectual Property.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Pharmaceutical products made of hydrogels are a subset of polymeric materials. They have a greater capacity to absorb water. Excellent antibacterial properties, strong biocompatibility, water retention, swelling, high oxygen permeability, and other characteristics are all present in antibacterial hydrogel. bacterial and fungal illnesses caused by microbes. Hydrogels that possess antibacterial qualities can be used to combat germs. Antimicrobial hydrogels are used to stop the spread of diseases and stop bacterial development. Hydrogels that are made to stop bacterial development and illnesses are known as antibacterial hydrogels. These hydrogels often contain antibacterial substances that function likes including by rupturing bacterial cell walls or preventing the action of bacterial enzymes. Several examples of frequently employed antibacterial substances, incorporating nanoparticles into antimicrobial hydrogels can enhance their efficacy. This article provides an overview about General characteristics, classification, material employed, preparation, application, advantages & disadvantages and future scopes of anti-microbial hydrogel.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hydrogels, Microbial, Antimicrobial, Bacterial, Nanoparticles

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

electrometric techniques used in the analysis of atomic energy materials. This abstract examines its underlying principles - Potentiometric Titration, Conductometric Titration, Plarography, Amperometry. In any electrometric method, two electrodes are required; however, in many methods only the electrochemical phenomena associated with one electrode are useful. This electrode is referred to as the "sensi- tive," or "working," electrode of the pair; the other electrode is the reference or counter electrode.

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ELECTROMETRIC METHODS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In recent decades, women have faced significant obstacles in their pursuit of equal opportunities compared to men. Just a quarter-century ago, disparities between women and men were prevalent in various spheres including education, the workplace, and even within households. However, progress has been made, and the lives of women and girls worldwide have markedly improved in many aspects. Across both affluent and developing nations, women now attend school more regularly, live longer lives, secure better employment opportunities, and enjoy increased legal rights and protections

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Womens empowerment visavis economic development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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BJT,H-bridge, Speed control

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study seeks to investigate the relationship between Unified Payments Interface (UPI) with consumer credit and investment in the Indian economic setting, establishing whether a positive relationship occurs and how Unified Payments Interface affects the customer's consumer credit and online investments. Surveying with the working professionals of society irrespective of gender and age through a well-structured survey, the study carries out primary data through a quantitative research design that uses descriptive method. The analysis shows that the UPI, enjoys a comparative advantage over its competitor and therefore the likelihood that it will capture a larger market share is high as it has a cost-saving mechanism, and the facilitation of online and offline transfers is made easy. Moreover, the effectiveness and the rate of UPI payments and their possible role in financial inclusion in India are analyzed to consider a complete picture of its current functioning and potential in credit and investment options. This research validates the opportunity digitalization which has transformed the terrain of banking practices. The study summarizes that using UPI does not only correspond with the manifestations of global financial market digitalization, but also offers a new framework within which the future of the banking transaction could take shape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

UPI, Consumer Credit, Online Investment, UPI Credit, Wilks' Lambda.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The Padmashalis are the third largest community in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. They are spread all over the world. The rise of Moghul rule and there after Britishers who came to India for doing cloth business has lot of impact on weaving technology. The cloth manufactured at Brimingham, England can sell at cheaper rate in India and the qualities of their cloth were much better than our hand-woven cloths on Gunta Maggam (Pit-loom). Since there is no buyer for our hand-woven cloths, the domestic textile industry suffered losses. The Britisher established East India Company at Calcutta and spread their business across the India. They have also ruled our country till 1947. The impact of cloth business compelled Padmashalis to move to different places in India. Maharashtra is adjacent to Telangana, Andhra Pradesh; most of them started moving in search of their livelihood. Earlier days there were no transportation available; people started walking from Telangana and stayed for days together wherever in the en-route to Mumbai. In this course some of them even settled in most parts of Maharashtra like Nanded, Jalna, Aurangabad, and Nasik, Ahmednagar, Sholapur, Pune and even interior parts of the villages. The community people are economically backward. They were even idle. Their basic occupation was weaving; hence most of them have chosen weaving job in cotton mills. Gradually the strength has increased and it can be witnessed that about 400 to 500 Padmashalis could be seen in each mill in Mumbai. Most of the people in Sholapur are started their Textile. They were economically backward and their motto is to earn and live and therefore they could not give much importance to education. Thus, they are very much backward in Education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Padmashalis,Markandeyapuranam,Telangana state ,Migration Maharashtra, Socio Economic status of Padmashalis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition