Volume 13 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

This paper present the Assessment of fleuncy of spoken English among teachers. A simple random sample of 100 secondary school tecahers in Guntur district. Researcher prepared 30 items was questionnaire. The reliability of test retest method is 0.79. the test is valid. The internal contingency of mean, SD, 't' values were calculated. The study revealed that there would be no significant There is no significant difference between male and female teachers communication skills of teachers in English. There is significant difference between the rural and urban school teachers assessment of fluency of spoken English.

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 Keywords

English, secondary schools and teachers

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This article examines the portrayal of female subalterns in ancient Indian texts like the Mahabharata and the Manusmriti and compares them to the depiction of contemporary female subalterns in Mahasweta Devi's short story "Dopdi" from the collection Agni Gharba. While using the framework of subaltern theory, articulated by Antonio Gramsci and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, this paper attempts to analyze how women are marginalized, oppressed, and denied agency within patriarchal power structures. It highlights the experiences of both the mythological Draupadi and Devi's Dopdi and their shared vulnerability and exploitation as women. While the mythological Draupadi endures pain and humiliation within the confines of her social status and ultimately relies on male intervention for revenge, Dopdi, a tribal woman and Naxalite rebel, personifies a more thorough form of defiance. Dopdi's resistance in her response to sexual violence challenges scruples and exposes the vicious realities of the androcentric approach in modern India. This research addresses the forms of female subalternity that may have evolved, but the core issues of marginalization and suffering persist. The comparison between the two characters underscores the enduring struggle for justice and agency women in India face, even as they strive for empowerment and recognition.

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 Keywords

Dopdi, Draupadi, gender, Mahabharata, patriarchy, subaltern

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Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing trading in the stock market with high-tech algorithms and automation using machine-learning technology. AI algorithms and automation allow for high accuracy in predicting trends and sophisticated market patterns through analysis. Automated trading platforms remove biases and make financial transactions efficient and effective. AI-powered, personalized portfolios maximize portfolio management for retail and institutional investors. Regulatory frameworks and ethics shape AI use in financial markets. Emerging technology can make trading and techniques for managing risk even more sophisticated and efficient in the future. AI integration can drive competitiveness, innovation, and efficiency in trading in the stock market. Emerging trends from a smarter and information-intensive financial environment in the future.

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 Keywords

Natural language processing (NLP), Artificial intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Explainable AI (XAI),

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Medical insurance fraud is a critical issue for the insurance providers, which finally means business losses and increased premiums for the policyholders. In this line, this project proposes a Fraud Detection System for medical insurance claims using Machine Learning algorithms in order to determine possibly fraudulent claims. The advanced machine-learning techniques within this system make use of the classification algorithms, Logistic Regression and CatBoost, to identify patterns and anomalies indicative of fraud from an analysis of historical claims data. The models are trained using historical insurance claims data to bring out patterns that predict the likelihood of fraud on new or continuing claims. It will use a key combination of such features as the claim amount, claim frequency, policyholder demographics, and diagnosis codes in finding outliers or patterns in behavior that could show fraud. The system optimizes fraudulent activity detection accuracy of the ML models through data preprocessing, feature selection, and then choosing the best suited ML algorithm for the task at hand. This fraud detection system is going to decrease false claims, minimize financial losses for the insurance companies, and strengthen policyholder trust by recognizing and stopping fraudulent activity.

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Machine Learning, Fraud Detection, Logistic Regression, XGBoost, CatBoost, Medical Insurance.

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The project focuses on micro, small, and medium-scale enterprises (MSMEs), examining their potential, significance, and the challenges they encounter. The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector is vital to India's economy, comprising 29.8 million entrepreneurs and employing 69 million people. Of these, 2.2 million are women-led businesses (7.4%), and 15.4 million are in rural areas (51.8%). The sector contributes 45% of industrial output and 40% of exports, with an annual GDP growth rate of 11.5%, outpacing the overall GDP growth of 8%. However, 94% of MSMEs remain unregistered, and challenges like poor infrastructure, inadequate market linkages, and limited access to finance hinder growth. Financial institutions are cautious about lending to the sector due to perceived risks and lack of collateral. Despite these hurdles, the MSME sector is a key driver of socio-economic transformation, generating employment, reducing poverty, and curbing rural-urban migration. It fosters a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem and supports the use of indigenous technologies. It explores the support provided by the government to this sector, the perspectives of entrepreneurs regarding their experiences within it, and their aspirations--whether they intend to continue in this sector or transition to alternative professions.

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sector, indigenous, constrain, depression

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In the Middle Ages every Social - Political movement had taken a theological form and the Bhakti movement in India of the medieval times was an idealistic manifestation of the socio- cultural realties of the time.The development of social system consists of a process of structural adaptations generated by cultural coherence and innovations from indigenous or extraneous sources.Interests of society's cultural complexes compete for institutions within a social system ,till the tensions are resolved either through integration by consonance or dissonance .The Bhakti movement performed this task by performing at different levels. Its vernacular poetry/ songs provide the country with a sense of shared richness and its literature puts forth a spirit of tolerance for everyone and a tendency to encompass rather than exclude. Bhakti tradition perceived India's democratic vision without distinction of language, religion, cast and community. This Paper intends to touch upon inclusion of hymns/poetry of Saints and Bhaktas from medieval times, as "Bhagat Bani" in the Adi Granth. An attempt has also been made to analyse and explore, how despite different vernacular expressions of regions and periods, inclusion of Bhakti Poetry as "Bhagat Bani" is entirely unaffected from linguistic, social, and cultural boundaries. The research paper concludes with the submission that, since medieval times, Bhagat Bani, is a successful unique example in the dissemination of sense of equality, cultural unity through amalgamation of Vernacular languages and egalitarian components leading humankind towards Peace and Harmony.

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KeyWords: Bhakti, Sikhism, Guru Granth Sahib, and Bhagat Bani.

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This research study delves into the intricate aspects of consumer buying behaviour within the context of reliance, a prominent retail chain operating in various cities in India. Understanding consumer behaviour is crucial for businesses seeking to improve their marketing strategies and enhance customer satisfaction. Reliance, with its diverse product range and competitive pricing, provides an ideal setting for such an investigation. The primary objectives of this study are to analyse the factors of customer buying behaviour, identify customer preferences, and evaluate the impact of promotional activities on purchasing decisions within reliance's outlets in many cities and towns . Consumer loyalty varies relying upon the circumstance and the item or administration A client might be happy with an item or administration, an encounter, a buy choice, a sales rep, store, specialist organization, or a characteristic or any of these. A few scientists totally dodge "fulfilment" as an estimation objective since it seems to be "too fluffy a plan to fill in as an important bench mark."

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Buying behaviour, Reliance smart bazaar, consumer satisfaction

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The concept of optimization has its roots in technology. Today consumers are trying to optimize each aspect of their lives to maximize productivity, improve health, enhance lifestyle, manage time often though the products and services which promise efficiency and better results. But this relentless pursuit of optimization comes at many costs. This paper argues that chasing of optimization, driven by the promises of perfect efficiency, has unintended psychological and social consequences for consumers. The study explores how an overemphasis on optimization culture has shifted consumers' focus away from more meaningful, unstructured experiences that contribute to a fulfilling life, ultimately affecting their consumption patterns, well-being, and overall satisfaction.

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Optimization, Consumer behavior, Efficiency, Psychological and social costs , Technology

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RejecTech is an innovative Android-based application developed using Java, XML, and Firebase, designed to provide advanced call filtering and rejection mechanisms for enhanced user convenience and security. This application tracks and monitors all incoming calls, identifying spam or repetitive calls with high accuracy. Calls flagged as spam or persistently recurring can be automatically blocked, ensuring a distraction-free user experience. The app empowers users to set a "lag to red" threshold, enabling dynamic control over the spam detection sensitivity. Users can also monitor their call logs in real time and manually unblock specific numbers if needed, ensuring flexibility in managing blocked calls. With Firebase integration, the app ensures seamless data management and efficient processing of call records. RejecTech's robust call-filtering capabilities make it a reliable tool for reducing spam and repetitive call disruptions, enhancing both productivity and peace of mind.

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Firebase, Android App, Call Block, Call Filter

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 Abstract

We are a privileged generation living in this era full of technological advancements. Gone are the days when almost every work was done manually and now we are living in a time where a lot of work is done by machines, software, and various automated processes. In this regard, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a special place in all the advancements of today. Artificial Intelligence or AI is nothing but the science of computers and machines that develop intelligence like humans. In this technology, machines are able to perform some simple to complex tasks that humans need to perform on a regular basis. Since AI systems are used day in and day out in our daily lives, it would not be wrong to say that our lives have also been upgraded with the use of this technology. AI systems are efficient enough to reduce human efforts in various fields. To perform various activities in the industry, many of them are using Artificial Intelligence to create machine slaves that perform various activities on a regular basis. Artificial Intelligence applications help in completing the work faster and with accurate results. Error-free and efficient world is the main objective behind Artificial Intelligence. In recent years, many sectors have started using AI technology to reduce human efforts and get efficient and faster results. Obviously, the positive potential of Artificial Intelligence is indeed huge and still untapped. One of the major disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence is the potential theft of personal data, especially in healthcare, education and other sectors, as well as the misuse of citizen databases by private companies and security agencies. Artificial Intelligence systems controlling so many aspects of society raise ethical and privacy concerns. Preventing unauthorized access to sensitive information of both citizens and organizations is important. All digital information is vulnerable to hacking and misuse. Hence, there is a dire need for Artificial Intelligence enabled systems to handle data securely with relevant privacy safeguards. AI involves a lot of expense as it requires the latest hardware and software to remain relevant. As of now, AI capabilities are already limited by the data given to it and it lacks creativity. Unlike humans, AI cannot think of anything new or out of the box. Another disadvantage of AI is that it can make humans lazy. If repetitive tasks, calculations and data analysis are permanently handed over to robots, humans will potentially use their brains lesser and their reactions to any task or event will be sloppy.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous system, Human brain, Unauthorised access, Humanity, etc.

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