Volume 12 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of central nervous system which can lead to various physical or cognitive disability as well as neurological defects. The global prevalence of MS was 35.9 per 100,000 people in 2020. In India it was regarded as a rare disease in past but marked surge in cases of the disease are observed in recent years. Like other autoimmune diseases exact aetiology and pathogenesis is not clear yet. However available data shows that causes of MS are multifactorial and include genetic predisposition together with environmental factors. Clinical features vary with the site of lesions. Most common symptoms are visual impairments, fatigue (Angamarda), tingling and numbness (Supti), muscle spasm (Udveshtana), stiffness (Angagraha) and weakness (Daurbalya), pain (various kinds of Vedana), depression and anxiety (Chittodvega / Chittavasada), cognitive impairment (Prana involvement), bladder control & bowel problems (Apana dysfunction), speech and swallowing problems (Prana - Udana dysfunction). Aim - To understand the different dimensions of MS in Ayurvedic parlance. Materials and methods - Modern standard textbooks of medicine, Ayurvedic classical texts and research articles related to present study were viewed to understand the disease MS. Result- MS should be studied under the label of Anukta Vyadhi since no direct description of the disease is available in Ayurvedic classics. On the basis of clinical presentation role of Vata vitiation is evident in development of MS. It can be correlated with different domains of Vatavyadhi depending on the presentation and pathology. As there is no cure of the disease in modern medicine, Ayurveda can provide much needed insights in improving quality of life of patients and providing better management.

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 Keywords

Multiple sclerosis, Demyelinating disorders, Ayurveda, Vatavyadhi

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Electrocardiogram (ECG) arrhythmias are critical indicators of cardiac health, necessitating accurate and timely detection for effective clinical intervention. This paper proposes a novel approach for automatic ECG arrhythmia detection and classification, integrating quality-aware techniques to enhance accuracy and reliability. Leveraging Machine learning algorithms and signal processing methodologies, our system demonstrates promising results in identifying various types of arrhythmias while ensuring robustness against noise and artifacts. The proposed system offers potential applications in clinical settings for early diagnosis and intervention, thereby improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.

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ECG, Arrhythmia Detection, Machine Learning, Signal Processing, Quality-Aware Techniques, Healthcare.

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This paper explores the intersection of predictive analytics and inventory management in the tiles and marbles e-commerce sector. Focused on developing an innovative sales prediction model, the study aims to revolutionize demand forecasting, optimize inventory levels, enhance marketing campaigns, and ultimately reduce costs. The investigation addresses the limitations of existing solutions, seeking to empower businesses with a tailored inventory management system to gain a competitive edge in this dynamic industry.

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Tiles and marbles E-commerce Inventory Management through Sales Prediction

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In India, women account for almost one-third of the working population. The majority of these women are employed in unorganized and informal sectors of the economy, such as construction, agriculture, and domestic labor. The bulk of workers in the domestic services sector are, in particular, women and young girls. The current study intends to empirically investigate the nature of labor interactions between paid domestic workers and their employers as perceived by the former. It attempts to take a closer look at the general working conditions of domestic workers as well as the issues and challenges they encounter on a daily basis. Further, the research aims to eventually examine how the life trajectories of female part-time, live-out domestic workers are built by focusing on their nature of employment arrangements and experiences in workplace conditions. The study largely contextualizes domestic work relations in India as a domain of continuing and ongoing power struggle, drawing extensively from feminist theory. Using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with fifteen female domestic workers from Kerala's Thiruvananthapuram district, the researcher sought to realistically illustrate how the world of domestic work still remains an extremely unequal, deeply structured, and intricately stratified terrain characterized by the intersecting hierarchies of caste, class, gender, and religion.

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Domestic worker, female, labor, gender, caste, class, discrimination

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The biggest danger to sustainable agriculture is plant viral infections, which can cause multiple losses. Numerous viruses are affecting a variety of crops, thus new methods that can accurately identify the causative agents of viral infections are more and more needed for their efficient treatment and prevention. Numerous diagnostic techniques that are more sensitive and specific in identifying unidentified plant viruses are constantly being researched and developed. Controlling plant viral infections requires an early and precise diagnosis of these infections. For purposes of assembly, reproduction, intra- and intercellular mobility, and attracting vectors for dispersal, viruses depend on their hosts. Several viruses require chloroplasts to replicate. A crucial part of plant physiology, photosynthesis, is hampered when viruses multiply in chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are present in plants which is very essential for the replication of viruses. Some viruses replicate in chloroplast. When viruses replicate in chloroplast they inhibit the photosynthesis process, which is a very important process in plant physiology. This viral infection reduces the quality of crop yield, stunts crop growth, and results in low-quality products. To overcome this condition or this viral infection in plants use different techniques like PCR and ELISA. Many techniques are effective and can provide accurate identification of the viral causative agent. There are continuously developed new techniques for the detection method of viruses present in plants which have improved sensitivity and specificity. Assays utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbents (ELISA), are created using the serological approach and are routinely utilized. However, ELISA's capacity to identify plant viruses is limited by factors including the target virus's antibody availability and the length of time needed to conduct the ELISA. Originally designed as a method for amplifying target DNA, the polymer chain reaction (PCR) has evolved into numerous variants and is now more sensitive than ELISA. Numerous plant virus detection systems, including those based on immunological detection, PCR technology, and hybridization-based techniques like microarray, microscopic method, visual inspection method, dot stain immune binding assay nucleic acid-based method, etc. are described here

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Plant viral detection, Plant viruses, ELISA, PCR, Nucleic acid.

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In a well - organised society, the responsibility for efficiently managing the nation, fostering societal development, and ensuring citizens have essential resources for survival lies with the State and the Government. Paramount tasks of the State include upholding law and order, preventing crimes, and safeguarding citizens from both internal and external threats. This is achieved through defence forces like the army and law enforcement agencies such as the police, which are authorised to use lethal force and weapons when necessary. These forces strategically, offensively, and tactically stay ahead of potential adversaries in their various operations. The term 'weapon' encompasses items such as guns, firearms, armaments, ammunition, and other defence equipment designed to cause destruction, damage, pain, or harm. These tools are typically associated with warfare, conflicts, crimes, defence, law enforcement, and hunting, among other purposes. Due to the State's responsibility for maintaining law and order, citizens are generally restricted from owning or possessing a firearm for any purpose. Laws in most countries regulate matters such as ownership, sale, manufacturing, transfer, modification, and use of firearms by civilians. These laws are often stringent to prevent violent crimes, shootings, murders, suicides, and, most importantly, to curb armed rebellions, insurgencies, and terrorist activities within the state. India, for instance, has stringent regulations regarding firearms governed by The Arms Act, 1959, supplemented by The Arms Rules, 2016. This legislation prohibits the sale, manufacture, possession, acquisition, import, export, and transport of firearms and ammunition without a licence. The current Arms Act, 1959, traces its origin back to The Indian Arms Act, 1878, enacted during British Rule after the Revolt of 1857. Thus, this paper aims to outline the types of guns that are illegal or prohibited to be acquired, the eligibility criteria to obtain a licence, the steps involved in acquiring a firearms licence, when could a licence be revoked or cancelled, what are the penalties for owning a firearm without licence, what is the current position of laws and a way ahead from the current scenario.

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The Arms Act (1959), The Arms Rules (2016), Indian Gun Ownership Laws, Firearm License Application Procedure, Types of Firearms, Prohibited Bore, Non - Prohibited Bore, Gun Permit Requirements, Firearm Licensing Authority, Steps to Obtain Gun License, Documentation for Gun License, Eligibility Criteria for Gun License, Consequences of Firearms Misuse, Section 25 of Arms Act (1959), Section 26 of Arms Act (1959), Section 27 of Arms Act (1959), Section 30 of Arms Act (1959), Suspension or Revocati

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This study aims to gather and document information on indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used in rural areas of Mahabubnagar district of Telangana State. The survey identifies 40 species of 36 genera of medicinal plants belonging to 21 families by indigenous people in rural areas of Mahabubnagar district for the treatment of different illness. The indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants depends on the surrounding plants. During the process of civilization and urbanization many medicinal plant species have been lost. The majority of the medicinal plants are locally available and are cultivated by tribal and rural people. Leaves, flowers, fruits and roots are principal part of the plants used. The indigenous community of Mahabubnagar district such as konda reddy, koyas, nayak, savera, valmikies and vaideyas played an important role healing different diseases by using medicinal plants locally available. The indigenous knowledge of the medicinal plants of these ethnic people is mostly confined to older people. This knowledge is transferred to trial and error basis and still in use. The oral route was the most commonly used mode of administration of herbal medicine. Occimum sanctum, Aloe vera, Withania sonifera, Mucuna pruriens, Acorus calamus, Comiphora weighti, Veronia amygdalina, Cleodendron myricoides are most repeatedly claimed medicinal plants of these people. The indigenous knowledge of the medicinal plants should be restored and maintained, as this provides large data regarding the medicinal properties of plants not known to the modern men.

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medicinal plants, indigenous knowledge, tribal people, diseases, survey.

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Citrus sinensis is one of the most abundant citrus species consumed. Orange peels and seeds are a waste by-product of the fruit and may potentially contain useful phytonutrients with biological relevance. Fresh and dry peels of sweet orange were subjected to Maceration. Total alkaloid, flavonoid and tannin content were determined using standard methods. Antimicrobial activities against five bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and three fungal strains (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum) was carried out by observing the zone of inhibition using disc diffusion method. The total alkaloid, flavonoid and tannin content was higher in the fresh peel extract compared to the dry peel extract. Antimicrobial activities revealed that the fresh peel extract had better antibacterial activities against all bacterial strains and one fungal strain studied compared to the dry peel extract. Growth of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum were however better inhibited by the dry peel extract than the fresh peel extract This study investigated the phenolic content and antimicrobial activities of fresh and dry Citrus sinensis peel extracts. The results from the study conclude that the fresh Citrus sinensis peel extract contains more phenolics and possesses better antimicrobial activities against the studied microbial strains compared to the dry peel extract. The findings in this study suggest that drying plant parts before extraction for phytonutrients may lead to loss of active phytochemicals.

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Citrus sinensis, Orange, Antimicrobial, Phytochemicals, Seeds, Peels.

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One of the oldest and most important industries is agriculture. The demand for work and food is rising due to the world's population growth. Because traditional farming methods are insufficient, new automated ways of achieving food requirements are being developed. In several regions of the nation, the growing demand for water has raised serious questions regarding the viability of irrigated agriculture. Therefore, one of the most important practical concerns for increasing the effectiveness of water utilization in irrigation systems is determining crop water demand. Some areas of a field receive unneeded irrigation from the current sensor-based systems, leaving other areas without any irrigation at all. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been employed extensively in farming recently. AI technology is being used in agriculture to improve soil and growth conditions, produce healthier crops, evaluate data for farmers, and perform various jobs related to food supply chain management. AI-powered technologies will help farmers increase crop quality and yield more with less resources. Farmers can obtain information on the health of their crops, including the amount of water and nutrients needed to boost yield quality and quantity, by using an AI-powered health monitoring system.

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Artificial Intelligence, Sensor, Irrigation

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 Abstract

In this study, radiation shielding of different materials such as piperidine alkaloids Pseudopelletierine (GS1) Pelletierine (GS2) Ricinine (GS3) Methylisopelletierine (GS4) Coniine (GS5) Piperine (GS6) , is analyzed by calculating Mass attenuation coefficients and partial photon interactions theoretically at incident photon energy 1 keV to 100 GeV using XCOM software [1]. The values of these parameters have been found to change significantly with incident photon energy and composition of the piperidine alkaloids. Half value layer (HVL) and tenth value layer (TVL) has also been calculated; whose lower value reveals the good shielding ability for gamma rays. Hence it is concluded that GS6 shows the maximum shielding effectiveness and also GS1 and GS4 seem to have good radiation shielding. It is also analyzed that our calculated mass attenuation coefficient of NBS concrete by the present method are in excellent agreement with standard values given by ANSI/ANS-6.4.3 data.

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Piperidine alkaloids, Half value layer, Mass attenuation coefficients, and Tenth value layer.

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