Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital financial services in India, supported by fintech innovations, mobile investment applications and growing internet penetration, has significantly transformed the investment landscape for young individuals. Increased access to digital platforms has enabled young investors to participate in various financial markets such as equities, mutual funds and digital savings instruments. However, access to technology alone does not ensure informed and rational investment decisions. The ability to effectively utilize digital financial platforms largely depends on the level of digital financial literacy, which includes financial awareness, technological competence and understanding of digital financial risks. The present study adopts a conceptual and exploratory approach to examine the relationship between digital financial literacy and the investment behaviour of young investors, with special reference to Jaipur city. The study systematically reviews existing theoretical and empirical literature to identify major dimensions of digital financial literacy and their potential influence on behavioural investment outcomes such as risk tolerance, investment confidence, diversification practices and long-term financial planning. Based on the synthesis of prior research, a conceptual framework has been proposed to explain how digital financial literacy may shape investment decision-making patterns among young investors in the evolving digital financial ecosystem. The study further develops theoretical propositions that may serve as a foundation for future empirical investigations. The findings of the conceptual analysis indicate that higher digital financial literacy is likely to promote rational, disciplined and informed investment behaviour, whereas inadequate literacy may increase susceptibility to impulsive decisions, misinformation and financial vulnerability. The study highlights the importance of strengthening digital financial education initiatives and integrating digital literacy components into financial awareness programmes to enhance the financial resilience of young investors in India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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New media is one of the effective rising gears throughout the globe. India is experiencing a speedy growth within the ICT quarter when you consider that 1990's and extended because 2000. The use of new media networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn has come to be considered one of famous methods of socializing. Consistent with the studies report of PEW research Centre's internet venture survey 2014, the increase of cell phones, mainly smart phones, has made new media networking just a finger tap away. Completely 40% of cell phone owners use a social networking site on their cellphone, and 28% do so on a normal day. India ranks 2nd in Facebook and 1/3rd in Twitter utilization. Those new media networking websites not best pave a manner for communicating across the globe however they have played a primary position in empowering girls, encouraging the civic participation among girls in Western, Middle East and Asian countries. This paper specializes in how new media may be used accurately to empower women in Tamil Nadu.

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Social Media, Facebook, Women Empowerment, Twitter

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The modern English novel has taken the form of an important tool to study identity, alienation, and morality in the globalised world. This study will explore how the contemporary British writers, especially Zadie Smith and Ian McEwan, express these themes using narrative techniques that capture the cultural, political and existential struggle of the twenty first century. Placing their works into the bigger context of the postcolonial theory, cultural studies and trauma critical theories, the study proves that the novel will still remain as a reflection and as a critique of the contemporary society. The introduction begins with the first chapter which describes the theoretical and historical context and outlines how the English novel evolved throughout the late twentieth century up to the present. It points at the effects of postmodernism, multiculturalism, and globalisation, indicating that these processes have transformed the role of the novel in the context of dealing with the problems of belonging, displacement, and moral responsibility. The second chapter dwells on Zadie Smith and White Teeth among other books, and is analysing how she portrays multicultural London as a microcosm of identity struggles in the world. The characters created by Smith reflect the bargaining of hybridity and cultural diversity, which unveils the conflicts between tradition and modernity and the problems of integration within a fractured society. In her narrative styles, she underlines how identity is fluid and how culture is never forgotten. Chapter three switches to Ian McEwen whose novels as Atonement and Saturday foreground are interrogative of the themes of morality, alienation and existential anxiety. The dilemma of people in modern Britain is discussed using the prose of McEwan whose sharpness in the use of psychology and moral profundity creates the profound and thoughtful manner of the story. His stories are a commentary on bigger issues of war, science and human responsibility, putting personal crises into the context of the world.

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Keywords: Contemporary English novel, Identity, Alienation, Multiculturalism, Ethics.

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Parenting practices are known to play an important role in how individuals respond to stress and everyday challenges. Previous research has suggested that various parenting styles may have an impact on the development of coping behaviours. In many Indian families, mothers commonly are the child's primary caregivers and they are closely involved in the emotional and daily socialization of the children. Despite this central role, relatively few examinations have specifically examined the role of maternal parenting styles as they relate to the coping strategies of young adults in cultural distinct mountain communities.Limited empirical research has examined the association between maternal parenting styles and coping strategies in the Eastern Indian context, particularly in geographically distinct regions such as Uttarakhand. This represents an important gap in the literature, as parenting practices and their psychological effects may vary significantly across cultural and geographic contexts.The present study therefore tried to analyze the correlation between perceived maternal parenting styles and coping strategies of young adults in Uttarakhand. The quantitative correlational research design with a sample of 122 young adults was used for the study. Maternal parenting styles were measured with the Parental Authority Questionnaire, in terms of authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles. Coping strategies were evaluated with the help of the Brief COPE scale that measures problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Data were screened for normality assumptions, because normality was violated, Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was used to examine associations. The outcomes showed that most maternal parenting styles were not significantly related to coping strategies. However, a weak positive association between perceived authoritarian maternal parenting style and avoidant coping was found.

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Maternal parenting styles, Coping strategies, Young adults, Hill communities, Parenting style perception.

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Skill education has emerged as a central component of India's development strategy under the Atmanirbhar Bharat vision. While existing literature largely focuses on employability outcomes, limited attention has been paid to the psychological dimensions of youth empowerment, particularly self-efficacy. The present study adopts an interdisciplinary framework integrating education, psychology, and workforce studies to examine the relationship between skill education, self-efficacy, and employability among Indian youth. Using a descriptive empirical research design, data were collected from 120 youth enrolled in various skill education programmes at polytechnics in Malappuram District, Kerala. Standardised tools prepared by Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995), and the Self-developed Employability Readiness Questionnaire prepared by the researcher were used to assess self-efficacy and employability readiness. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and cross-tabulation were employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that participation in skill education programmes is associated with moderate to high levels of self-efficacy and employability readiness. A significant positive correlation was found between self-efficacy and employability, suggesting that psychological empowerment is a crucial factor in workforce preparedness. The study underscores the need for skill education models that integrate technical training with psychological empowerment to promote sustainable youth development in India.

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Skill Education, Youth Empowerment, Self-efficacy, Employability, Atmanirbhar Bharat.

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As Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems become integral to enterprise AI workflows, the persistence of sensitive textual data within vector databases introduces critical privacy and compliance risks. Existing mitigation approaches force a tradeoff between privacy and utility: pre-redaction techniques significantly degrade semantic retrieval accuracy, while encryption-based controls violate data minimization principles and increase operational complexity. This work presents LexiRedact, an innovative, ML assisted middleware framework that addresses this tradeoff through a dual-path processing architecture. The framework decouples the ingestion pipeline into parallel streams: a utility path generates high-fidelity semantic embeddings from original content to preserve contextual accuracy, while a privacy path performs concurrent PII detection and sanitization prior to persistent storage using pre-trained machine learning components. Machine learning components used for PII detection and embedding generation are incorporated as modular elements informed by established evaluations reported in prior work, enabling the framework to focus on architectural design and system level optimization. To mitigate the latency overhead of real time interception, system level optimizations including asynchronous execution, batch processing, and Redis assisted semantic caching are employed. Experimental evaluation based on systematic latency measurements demonstrates that the architecture achieves sub-150ms ingestion latency for cached operations and improves overall system throughput by approximately 30 to 40 percent compared to synchronous baselines. Overall, LexiRedact provides a scalable, privacy-preserving ingestion infrastructure that enforces data minimization while maintaining the operational efficiency of RAG systems.

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Data Privacy, PII Detection, Privacy-Preserving AI, Retrieval-Augmented Generation, Vector Databases.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Development is the part of local self government which included municipality and Panchayat system in India. The development of an area depends on the development of every sector but the development cannot growth without the development of infrastructure. So, must be need strong infrastructure in local self government. An Urban area need to physical infrastructure like slum development and rehabilitation, drain, education system, facilities of drinking water, public health and play ground, housing facilities, medical service, marketing, road, park, solid waste management etc.

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Key-Words: Englishbazar Municipality, History, Government, Development, Programmes, Activities and Urban Development etc.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed the education sector by providing innovative tools that enhance learning, research, and academic productivity. Among undergraduate students, AI tools such as chatbots, writing assistants, research platforms, and coding aids are increasingly used to support studies, improve efficiency, and simplify complex academic tasks. This study examines the usage patterns and perceptions of AI tools among 150 undergraduate students in Pollachi. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive statistics, Z-tests, ANOVA and Friedman ranking tests. The findings reveal that students prefer AI tools like ChatGPT, Grammarly, and QuillBot for their ease of use, user-friendliness, and ability to provide quick access to information. Gender and course of study were found to have no significant effect on usage patterns or preferences. The study highlights the need for awareness programs, ethical usage, and integration of AI tools into academic practices to maximize benefits.

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Artificial Intelligence, AI tools, undergraduate students, usage patterns, perceptions, ChatGPT, etc.,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The increasing use of social media has given rise to maladaptive digital behaviours that may negatively impact psychological well-being. Doomscrolling, defined as the repetitive consumption of negative and distressing news content, has been widely associated with anxiety and psychological distress. However, its relationship with emotional exhaustion remains underexplored. Emotional exhaustion, a core dimension of burnout, refers to a state of emotional depletion resulting from prolonged exposure to stress and excessive cognitive demands. The present review aims to examine the potential link between doomscrolling and emotional exhaustion by consolidating existing literature on negative news exposure, social media fatigue, technostress, and information overload. Evidence suggests that continuous engagement with distressing digital content increases emotional arousal, cognitive load, and rumination, leading to the depletion of psychological resources over time. Studies on social media overuse and digital stress further support the likelihood of emotional fatigue resulting from excessive online engagement. Despite strong indirect evidence, there is a lack of direct empirical research examining doomscrolling as a predictor of emotional exhaustion. The review highlights this gap and emphasizes the need for future research to investigate this relationship, particularly among young adults exposed to continuous digital and occupational demands.

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doomscrolling, emotional exhaustion, social media use, negative news exposure, technostress, information overload, digital behaviour

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Onions are grown and consumed on a large scale all around the world and are an important crop in many agricultural countries. Good postharvest storage conditions are vital to retaining their quality and preventing loss, yet traditional storage methods do not accurately manage one or more of the three major environmental contributors (i.e., ventilation, humidity, temperature) to postharvest losses. As a result, onions are often spoiled due to fungal decay, sprouting, or rot, which diminishes the shelf life of the crop as well as its market value. The high humidity level and inconsistent air circulation in onion storage as well as poor insulation (i.e., allowing outside ambient conditions to affect inside conditions) are major factors resulting in loss of onions after harvest. In order to overcome these challenges, this research proposes a Smart Ventilative Onion Storage System that utilizes automated humidity-controlled vent openings and insulated walls. Environmental temperature and humidity sensors are used with microcontrollers to activate exhaust fans and Pnuematic window openers based on environmental conditions. When the temperature or humidity exceeds the specified threshold levels, then the Smart Ventilation System will automatically ventilate the storage area. This will continue until the environmental conditions stabilize, resulting in reduced spoilage due to environmental factors, extended shelf life and quality of onions.

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Smart Onion Storage, Automated Humidity Control, Temperature Monitoring, Insulated Storage Design, Ventilation Automation, Post-Harvest Loss Reduction

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