Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

evaluate, effectiveness, structured teaching program, knowledge, anorexia nervosa, late adolescent's girls.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare by enabling intelligent monitoring and decision-making systems. This paper proposes an AI-based surgical monitoring system designed to assist surgeons by providing real-time analysis of surgical procedures. The system integrates computer vision, deep learning, and sensor data to monitor surgical actions, detect anomalies, and alert medical professionals. By leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and real-time video processing, the system improves patient safety, reduces surgical errors, and enhances decision-making in operating rooms. Experimental results demonstrate improved accuracy in detecting surgical phases and anomalies, highlighting the potential of AI-assisted surgery.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, Computer Vision, Surgical Workflow Analysis, Real-Time Monitoring, Object Detection, Deep Learning, Surgical Tool Detection, Automated Alert System

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The legislative landscape of Islamic charitable endowments in India has undergone a transformative overhaul by the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025. Under this amendment, the Waqf Act of 1995 has been renamed "Unified Waqf Management Empowerment, Efficiency and Development Act", for short, the UMEED Act. The thrust of the reform is the instilling of transparency, mitigation of systemic encroachment, and rationalisation of management of Waqf holdings. By addressing the existing structural vulnerability, the amendment aims at safeguarding Waqf assets against unlawful transfer or misappropriation while diluting the existing arbitrary powers of the Waqf Boards.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Trust - Charitable Endowment- Personal law

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Human trafficking, particularly the trafficking of women, has emerged as a serious socio-economic and educational concern in contemporary society. This issue is especially prevalent among marginalized and economically disadvantaged communities. The tea garden regions of North Bengal represent one such vulnerable context, where poverty, limited educational access, gender discrimination, and social exclusion intersect to heighten the risk of exploitation. This paper examines the relationship between educational deprivation and the trafficking of women from a socio-pedagogical standpoint. The study is based entirely on secondary data, including government reports, scholarly articles, and publications from national and international organizations. It highlights how the lack of education reduces awareness, restricts critical thinking, and weakens the ability of women to make informed life choices, thereby increasing their susceptibility to trafficking. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the transformative role of education in preventing trafficking by promoting awareness, enhancing self-confidence, and creating alternative livelihood opportunities. The findings suggest that expanding access to education and strengthening community-based awareness initiatives can significantly reduce the incidence of trafficking in tea garden communities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Educational Deprivation, Women Trafficking, Tea Garden Community, North Bengal, Socio-Pedagogical Analysis, Gender Inequality.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Aim: The study aims to find the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of coronary artery diseases among third year BSc. Nursing students. Problem statement: "A study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of coronary artery diseases among third year BSc. Nursing students of selected colleges of the city''. Primary objective: The primary objective of study was to find the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of coronary artery diseases among third year BSc. Nursing students. Secondary objective: 1. To assess the knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of coronary artery diseases among third year BSc. Nursing students. 2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of coronary artery diseases among third year BSc. Nursing students.3. To associate the pre-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables .Method: The study was quasi- experimental non-equivalent control group design in nature. Quantitative research approach was adopted for study. Sample size was 60 that consisted of 30 Third year B.Sc. nursing students from experimental and control group. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used for the data collection. Result: The experimental group showed significant improvements in knowledge, attitude, and health behavior regarding the prevention of modifiable coronary artery disease risk factors compared to the control group. Post-test scores in the experimental group were significantly higher across all areas, including knowledge of anatomy, disease information, risk factors, and prevention. The paired and unpaired t-tests showed statistically significant differences (p<0.001) between pre- and post-test scores in both groups, with the experimental group demonstrating a greater increase. Interpretation and conclusion: The structured intervention in the experimental group was effective in improving nursing students' knowledge and health behavior's regarding coronary artery disease prevention. This indicates that targeted educational programs can play a vital role in enhancing preventive health practices among future healthcare professionals.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Structured teaching program, coronary artery diseases and third year BSc. Nursing students.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

वर्तमान समय में जलवायु परिवर्तन एवं ग्लोबल वार्मिंग विश्व की सबसे गंभीर पर्यावरणीय समस्याओं में से एक बन चुकी है। इसके दुष्प्रभावों को कम करने के लिए समाज के प्रत्येक वर्ग में विशेष रूप से विद्यार्थियों के बीच पर्यावरणीय जागरूकता का विकास अत्यंत आवश्यक है। प्रस्तुत शोध का मुख्य उद्देश्य उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालय के छात्रों तथा छात्राओं में जलवायु परिवर्तन एवं ग्लोबल वार्मिंग के प्रति जागरूकता के स्तर का अध्ययन करना तथा दोनों के मध्य तुलनात्मक विश्लेषण करना है। इस अध्ययन में वर्णनात्मक सर्वेक्षण विधि का प्रयोग किया गया। अध्ययन हेतु 600 विद्यार्थियों का चयन किया गया, जिनमें 300 छात्र एवं 300 छात्राएँ सम्मिलित थीं। आंकड़ों के संकलन के लिए जागरूकता से संबंधित एक प्रश्नावली का उपयोग किया गया तथा प्राप्त आंकड़ों का सांख्यिकीय विश्लेषण माध्य, माध्य विचलन, माध्य मानक त्रुटि, मानक विचलन तथा टी-परीक्षण के माध्यम से किया गया। विश्लेषण के परिणामों से ज्ञात हुआ कि छात्रों के प्राप्तांकों का माध्य 11.7791, माध्य विचलन 1.3466 तथा माध्य मानक त्रुटि 0.1419 पाया गया, जबकि छात्राओं के प्राप्तांकों का माध्य 15.9353, माध्य विचलन 1.8843 तथा माध्य मानक त्रुटि 0.1986 पाया गया। दोनों समूहों के मध्य प्राप्त टी-मूल्य 17.0245 तथा स्वतंत्रता की कोटि 598 रही, जबकि पी-अनुपात मूल्य 0.0001 से कम पाया गया, जो 0.05 सार्थकता स्तर पर सांख्यिकीय रूप से सार्थक है। परिणामों से यह स्पष्ट हुआ कि जलवायु परिवर्तन एवं ग्लोबल वार्मिंग के प्रति छात्राओं की जागरूकता छात्रों की अपेक्षा अधिक है। अध्ययन में यह भी पाया गया कि विद्यालयी पर्यावरण संगठन में छात्राओं का पंजीकरण 87 प्रतिशत जबकि छात्रों का पंजीकरण 44 प्रतिशत था। इसी प्रकार कुल जागरूकता के स्तर में छात्रों द्वारा 43 प्रतिशत तथा छात्राओं द्वारा 57 प्रतिशत जागरूकता प्रदर्शित की गई। अतः यह निष्कर्ष निकाला गया कि जलवायु परिवर्तन एवं ग्लोबल वार्मिंग के प्रति छात्रों एवं छात्राओं की जागरूकता में सार्थक अंतर पाया जाता है तथा पूर्व निर्मित परिकल्पना को अस्वीकृत किया जाता है। अध्ययन से यह भी संकेत मिलता है कि विद्यालयों में पर्यावरण शिक्षा को और अधिक प्रभावी बनाने की आवश्यकता है ताकि विद्यार्थियों में पर्यावरण संरक्षण के प्रति जागरूकता और सहभागिता को बढ़ाया जा सके।

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

जलवायु परिवर्तन, ग्लोबल वार्मिंग, पर्यावरणीय जागरूकता, उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यार्थी, छात्र-छात्राएँ, पर्यावरण शिक्षा, पर्यावरण संरक्षण, विद्यालयी पर्यावरण संगठन, छात्र सहभागिता, सतत विकास, ज

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

LFPR and WPR are crucial indicators used to assess employment patterns and workforce involvement key indicators of economic engagement and social inclusion. In India, these indicators have shown relative stagnation in recent years despite economic growth. This paper examines trends in LFPR and WPR using secondary data from National data is drawn from major surveys such as the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) and the Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE).The study adopts a qualitative, descriptive approach to analyse structural, social, and policy-related factors contributing to stagnation. The findings highlight issues such as gender disparities, informal employment, rural-urban migration, and limited social protection. The paper argues that social work has a critical role in addressing these challenges through policy advocacy, community-based interventions, and inclusive development strategies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

LFPR, WPR, informal sector, social work, employment, inequality, India

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Defence mechanism is an unconscious psychological process used by individuals to cope with stress, anxiety, or other uncomfortable emotions. These mechanisms play an important role in shaping how people adapt to challenges and regulate their thoughts and emotions. Psychological flexibility is the ability to adapt to changing situations and remain open to experiences even in the presence of adversities. The present study aims to examine the differential impact of mature, neurotic, and immature defence mechanisms on psychological flexibility among young adults. The study is conducted on a sample of 200 young adults. Standardised psychological tools are used to assess their defence mechanism and level of psychological flexibility. Defence mechanisms are major in three categories: mature, neurotic and immature. Psychological flexibility was assessed using self report scale. The result of the study revealed that the immature defence mechanism correlated positively with psychological inflexibility, indicating that young adults who used immature defence mechanisms had low psychological flexibility. Whereas mature defence mechanisms correlated with healthy psychological functioning and adaptability. Neurotic defence correlated moderately with psychological flexibility Overall, the study sheds light on the significance of defence mechanisms concerning psychological flexibility. It offers useful insight for psychological research and mental health intervention in young adults.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

defence mechanisms, mature defence mechanisms, neurotic defence mechanisms, immature defence mechanisms, psychological flexibility, young adults

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research article explores an area of study that is often overlooked, Dalit childhood trauma. This research explores and explains the multidimensions of trauma experienced by the children belonging to the Dalit community in India. Dalits, being a marginalised group of people, have been victims of discrimination from childhood and have faced what is said to be the most sensitive issue in their entire lives, including their growing-up phase. The objective of this research is to dig deep into the complicated situation of interplay between discrimination, identity formation, and resilience in the background of trauma Dalit children face. This research is based on an examination of current available research related to Dalit experiences, childhood trauma, and identity formation. Besides, the study includes primary data from the story of Phoolan Devi's traumatic childhood. The research uses a multidisciplinary strategy, drawing imbricated understanding from psychology, sociology, and anthropology to achieve a holistic grasp of the subject matter. The results of this research show that the Dalit children are vulnerable to different forms of discrimination, such as social exclusion, economic deprivation, and caste-based violence, which have a serious psychological impact on their psychological well-being. These traumatic experiences become their identity, which in many cases leads to a sense of inferiority, self-doubt, and disempowerment. This study provides critical importance towards dismantling caste-based discrimination and promoting social learning societies for all children to grow and thrive in life without being bound with shackles of trauma and discrimination.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dalit childhood, trauma, resilience, social learning, holistic grasp

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Padavarnam represents the central and most elaborate component of the Bharatanatyam repertoire, embodying the synthesis of rhythm, melody, expression, and narrative that defines the classical Indian dance tradition. Historically rooted in temple rituals of South India, Padavarnam evolved through complex social, cultural, and political transformations that shifted dance performance from sacred spaces to public stages. The Devadasi tradition played a pivotal role in preserving and transmitting the knowledge of dance, music, and expressive storytelling, ensuring the continuity of Bharatanatyam across centuries. As the social status of temple dancers changed during the colonial period, the art form underwent significant restructuring, leading to the emergence of the modern Bharatanatyam performance format known as the margam. The transition from temple to stage marked a critical phase in the development of Padavarnam, influencing its choreography, thematic content, musical composition, and performance context. The contributions of composers, gurus, and revivalists in the twentieth century ensured the survival of this traditional dance form while adapting it to contemporary audiences. Padavarnam continues to serve as the centerpiece of Bharatanatyam performances, demanding technical excellence and emotional depth from dancers. This journal examines the historical journey of Padavarnam from its origins in temple worship to its present-day role in theatrical and global contexts, highlighting the cultural significance and artistic resilience of Bharatanatyam as a living tradition.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bharatanatyam, Padavarnam, Temple Dance, Devadasi Tradition, Sadir, Margam, Abhinaya, Nritta, Dance Revival, Tanjore Quartet, Classical Indian Dance, Cultural Heritage, Performance Tradition, Dance Pedagogy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition