Volume 11 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Traffic congestion is one of the major problems in major cities due to the increase in the number of vehicles. In the current situation, we come across various problems in traffic regulations in India which can be solved with different ideas. Riding a motorcycle without wearing a helmet is a traffic violation that has resulted in an increase in the number of accidents and deaths in India. The existing system monitors traffic violations primarily through CCTV recordings, where the traffic police have to look into the frame where the traffic violation is happening, and zoom into the license plate in case the rider is not wearing a helmet Helmet detection method is a combination of classification and cluster. Helmet detection is an important, yet challenging vision task. It is a critical part of many applications such as traffic surveillance. Our proposed method work is as follows, Pre-processing, Feature Extraction, and classification. In this paper, the survey is done on many methods and technologies used to perform the objectives. Recent research has successfully done this work based on CNN, R-CNN, LBP, HoG, HaaR features, etc. In this research work, a Non-Helmet Rider detection system is built to satisfy the automation of detecting the traffic violation of not wearing helmets and extracting the vehicle�s license plate numbers. The main principle involved is Object Detection using Deep Learning at three levels. The objects detected are a person with a motorcycle at the first level using YOLOv3, a helmet at a second level using YOLOv5, License plate at the last level using YOLOv3. Then the license plate registration number is extracted using OCR (Optical Character Recognition). All these techniques are helpful to detect the stolen vehicle from the database and by using this traffic police officers would know about the stolen vehicle. Using this system, officers can track the stolen vehicle using location reports.

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 Keywords

Helmet Detection, Number plate Detection, Stolen Vehicle Identification.

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There are many options to restore endodontically treated teeth. Root canal treated teeth are structurally compromised teeth . A less conventional approach to restore such teeth without a post is to give an endocrown. In post and core restoration there is intracanal retention which increases the risk of root fracture. Endocrown is a monoblock ceramic crown consisting of a circle of butt edges and a retainer located in the pulp chamber. Endocrowns uses the technique of adhesive cementation and they are more conservative as they derive retention from the pulp chamber. They can be fabricated by CAD CAM and stress distribution is also reasonable in such restorations . Materials used for endocrowns are glass ceramics , lithium disilicate and nanofilled composite resins. The advantages of an endocrown is that they are conservative, esthetically good , mechanically strong and cost effective.

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Endocrowns, post and core restorations, ceramics , adhesion.

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The pandemic Covid-19 today has affected the whole world. India did not stand an exception to it by standing in the world-Covid list of the top three most affected nations. Covid-19 has brought governments and their policies under severe scrutiny and criticism around the whole world. The Indian government is also trying to deal with this pandemic but given the huge population size, uneven resource management by different states and bad condition of the health system and economy has certainly deepened the crisis. The issues of social safety, reverse migration, and other such factors have further grimed the situation. Indian migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic have faced multiple hardships. With factories and workplaces shut down due to the lockdown imposed in the country, millions of migrant workers had to deal with the loss of income, food shortages, and uncertainty about their future. During the lockdown period, thousands of migrants started walking back home, with no means of transport. In response, the Central and State Governments took various measures to help them and later arranged transportation. After five months of Covid-19 in India, the Indian government is still struggling hard to cope with health and the economy. This paper is an attempt to understand the impact of the reverse migrant crisis during Covid-19 in India. The current flow of reverse migration in India, which is from urban to rural, however, falls into none of the above categories describing the usual patterns in the movements from rural to urban centers.

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 Keywords

Government, Covid-19, reverse migration, factories, health, economy

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Languages emerged when Homosapiens began collaborating with one another. It is challenging to provide a response to the question of what language is the oldest in the world. Language use eventually grew to be a significant aspect of human society. It served a variety of social and cultural purposes in addition to serving as a means of communication and information sharing with those around it. It eventually evolved to utilize for a variety of purposes, including group identification, social grooming, amusement, etc. As time went on and people began to travel over the world, many languages changed and diversified. As a result, there are several languages that are spoken around the world.

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Innovative methods, Language skills, Teaching English. etc

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Herbal teas are admixture made from leaves, fruits, flowers and roots of colorful factory corridor. Herbal teas aren't deduced from usual shops, but rather from what are called as " Tisanes. " Input of further quantities of herbal tea to give energy and induce relaxation. Black tea, gusto tea, green tea, peppermint tea, red tea, hibiscus tea, coca tea gives anti- seditious and anti- bacterial parcels. Help to induce the digestive problems. Herbal tea is a libation made from steeping or boiling sauces. To avoid confusion between teas and herbal teas, alternate terms for "herbal tea " are getting popular. The tisanes are also strained, candied if so asked and served. Numerous companies produce herbal tea bags for similar infusions.

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Black tea, gusto tea, green tea, peppermint tea, red tea, hibiscus tea, coca tea, anti- seditious, anti- bacterial.

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BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal issues experienced by the adults in their life time. People with age 35-55 are more prone to Low Back Pain. This persistent pain condition may include the central sensitization (CS) phenomenon, which implies a wide range of symptoms and that may be taken into account in LBP treatment. CS symptoms can be measured by the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore association of CS with pain intensity and quality of life. METHODOLOGY: In present cross-sectional study total of 100 Gujarati participants aged 33-55, suffering from LBP were included. CS symptoms were measured with the Gujarati Version of the CSI, pain intensity was measured by VAS and quality of life was measured by WHOQOL BREF Gujarati version. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 version. Spearman�s rank correlation coefficient test, Mann Whitney U test was applied for co-relation and between group comparisons respectively. Significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULT: The mean CSI total score for the whole sample was 35.49�5.26 points. CSI total score had subclinical values in the whole sample; The CSI mean total score was 34.49�5.26 points for females and 35.16�5.22 points for males. Patients showed significant differences in CSI total score by gender (P = 0.000). There were statistically significant moderate positive correlation exists between CSI score and VAS score, strong negative correlation between CSI score and WHOQOL-BREF domain 1, moderate negative correlation between CSI score and WHOQOL-BREF domain 2, 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: Present study concludes that there is moderate positive correlation exist between CSI score with pain intensity and strong negative correlation between CSI score with WHOQOL-BREF domain 1 (physical), moderate negative correlation between CSI score with WHOQOL-BREF domain 2 (psychological), WHOQOL-BREF domain 3 (social) and WHOQOL-BREF domain 4 (environment) for quality of life. Although participants showed mean subclinical values in CSI total score, participants with scores ?40 were found across chronic low back. In particular, females with LBP participants were most affected by high CSI scores. In light of these results, it is recommended that clinicians supplement their assessment with the CSI in low back patients for improved decision-making during treatment.

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 Keywords

Central Sensitization, LBP, Frequency, Association, Pain, Disability, Quality of life.

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Descriptive evaluative approach was used. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the hospital and the samples. The samples for present study consisted of male and female patients admitted for minor abdominal surgeries (60 patients). Tool consisted of two sections: Section A: - Demographic variables: - age in years, gender, marital status, educational qualification, occupation, dietary pattern, demographic area, type of surgery. Section B: - Observation checklist aimed at assessing the effectiveness of early ambulation of Daily Living, following ADL were assessed viz: feeding, dressing, grooming, bathing, elimination, Deep Breathing Exercises, communication and sleeping pattern. Activity on post operative abdominal surgery patients in selected hospitals. Content Validity was done by 12 experts, Reliability was done by using inter rater reliability method. Cohen's kappa was found to be 0. 85 The tool was retained as the tool was reliable. Dorothea Orem's Self-care theory was applied. Pilot study was conducted in Moriya Hospital Chinchwad. Informed consent was taken from Medical Superintendent of the Hospital and from each and every sample. from 9/2/2022 to 12/2/2022 on 6 samples of minor abdominal surgery. Final study was conducted at Dr D.Y.Patil Hospital and Research Centre from 17/3/2022 to 29/4/2022 on 60 post operative patients. Objective of the study was discussed and consent for participation in the study was taken from each and every sample. The subjects were assured about the confidentiality of the data. The investigators themself collected the data. Preoperatively Activities of Daily Living were taught each and every patient. Patients with minor surgeries (appendectomy, cholecystectomy, hernia or colon surgery) were selected. On Day 1 post operatively both Activities of Daily Living and ambulation was done twice a day for 10-15 minutes per patient. Activities of Daily Living included range of motion of shoulder joint, elbow, wrist joint, hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint. Early ambulation included walking around the bed, with or without assistive devices. ADL and early ambulation was done in consultation of surgeon. Per day per day 3-4 patients were selected. Data was analysed based on objectives of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics was done. The mean score was 0.0% for patients who had a poor score (Score 0-5), 33.3% of them had an average ability in performing ADL (Score 6-10), and 66.7% of the patients had a good score (Score 11-16). Hence it can be concluded that early ambulation is highly effective with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) among patients after minor abdominal surgeries. The various findings of the study show that it can be concluded that early ambulation is proven to be effective in decreasing post-operative complications among patients following abdominal surgery.

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 Keywords

Early ambulation, Activities of Daily Living, Minor abdominal surgeries

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Abstract: In the play, Kongi's Harvest, Wole Soyinka analyses and critiques the period of disharmony in postcolonial African society. The play is based on the circumstances of postcolonial Africa and the political figures who presided during that period. The play also discusses how Africans started to colonize themselves, although the colonial authorities had left. The paper discusses that poor administration, corruption, and colonial mindsets carried over into the postcolonial era are to blame for the decolonization of Africa's states, which have become increasingly impoverished. Because of this, it is found that even after colonization in Africa ended, the colonizers left their proxy colonizers behind to pick up where they left off.

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Key Words: Postcolonial, corruption, repression, autocracy, colonizers

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The Siddha system of medicine is primarily practiced in parts of southern India. It is one of the world's oldest traditional medicine systems, treating not only the physical body but also the mind and soul. Siddha system is based on three humors (Vatham, Pitham, Kabam). When the three humors are in proper balance then the person experiences good health; any imbalance of three humors leads to disease. Acute Bronchitis is an inflammation of the large airways of the lung. It is characterized by fever, running nose, cough, polyarthralgia, shortness of breath, tiredness, constipation and vomiting.It is correlated with Kabasuram in Siddha medicine. Kaba suram is one of the types of Suram in children mentioned in Siddha literature Balavagadam. The symptoms of Kaba suram can be managed by Siddha herbal formulation Kaba sura kudineer. The main ingredients of Kaba sura Kudineer are Pirandai ver,Kandankathiri ver ,Arathai ver ,Sirukanchoori Ver,Vetpula Ver ,Ponmusuttai Ver,Mulli Ver ,Arathai ,Sukku. The ingredients of this formulation possess anti-inflammatory,anti-pyretic,expectorant,bronchodilator activity.All the ingredients of trial drug are purely herbals only. It is easily prepared, palatable, assimilates quickly and also safe for pediatric usage in the treatment of Kaba suram. Hence, this article gives an insight on the efficacy of Kaba sura Kudineer for Kabasuram (Acute Bronchitis) based on review of various literatures and scientific studies. This review further focuses to improve the research on Siddha herbal medicines.

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Siddha, Kaba Sura Kudineer Chooranam, Kabasuram, Acute Bronchitis.

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The people with mental health problems suffer discrimination, exclusion, negative typification and expectations. Stigmatized individuals may anticipate devaluation and discrimination from others, leading them to adopt harmful coping mechanisms such as secrecy or withdrawal. Stigma may dissuade parents from believing their adolescent child has a mental health problem because the label may lead to harm like marginalization and discrimination for the adolescent. Parents prefer social distance from children labelled as "mentally ill" and are more reluctant to have their own children interact with a child who has a mental illness, There is need to increase interpersonal interaction to encourage people with mental disabilities to disclose their experience. An educational program found decreases in stigma related to mental illness like psychosis, depression etc. Hence, there is need to minimise stigma by adopting appropriate strategy.

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 Keywords

stigma, mental illness, disorders, education

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