Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

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Keywords: Smartphone, RULA, ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, college students, posture

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This study investigates the patterns of foundational literacy, numeracy, and learning styles among secondary school students in Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal. Literacy and numeracy are essential for academic success and lifelong learning, and secondary education serves as a critical stage for consolidating these skills. The research examines the relationship between students' learning styles (auditory, visual, kinesthetic, and social) and their competencies in foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN). Using a mixed-method approach, quantitative assessments measured literacy and numeracy skills, whereas validated questionnaires identified learning style preferences among a representative sample of secondary students. The results reveal that auditory and social learning styles are positively correlated with higher FLN performance, whereas visual and kinesthetic styles show weaker or inverse relationships. Kinesthetic learning was identified as the most prevalent style, with visual, auditory, and social styles following. These results highlight the necessity of adapting teaching strategies to cater to various learning preferences, particularly by focusing on auditory and social methods to improve FLN outcomes. The study suggests incorporating diverse teaching techniques that align with predominant learning styles to enhance academic performance in foundational skills within this region.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Foundational Literacy, Numeracy and Learning Styles

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Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and Body Mass Index (BMI) among students preparing for competitive examinations in Pune city. Students preparing for such examinations often spend long hours studying in a sedentary position, which may reduce their daily physical activity levels. Therefore, it becomes important to investigate the impact of physical activity on BMI. A descriptive correlational research design was adopted. A total of 120 students from various competitive examination coaching centres in Pune city were selected using purposive sampling. Physical activity was measured using the standardized International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) (Craig et al., 2003), while BMI was calculated using standard height and weight measurements. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and standard error were used, along with inferential statistics using Pearson's correlation test. The mean physical activity score was 3.45 (SD = 0.76, SE = 0.069), while the mean BMI was 24.12 (SD = 3.05, SE = 0.278). The correlation coefficient between physical activity and BMI was found to be -0.42 with a p-value of 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship at the 0.05 level. The findings revealed a significant negative correlation between physical activity and BMI among competitive examination students in Pune city.

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Competitive exam students, Physical activity, BMI, Correlation

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In this paper, we have to give systematic account of the most important ideas, methods and results of Summable Families in nuclear Locally Convex Space. We also found that the combining the topology with linear structure and algebraic structure under the normal compatibility conditions. In this process, we have also study the metrizable vector spaces in which topology can be defined by metric by considering countable bases of neighborhoods. We will proceed to study the Summable Families in nuclear Locally Convex Space .The Summable Families in details and we will try to establish some new and useful results.

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Functional analysis, Topological vector spaces, nuclear locally convex spaces, Tensor products.

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Floristic documentation forms a fundamental basis for biodiversity assessment and conservation management, particularly in wetland-dominated protected areas where plant communities play a critical ecological role. Despite its conservation importance, Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary, Unnao, Uttar Pradesh, India, lacks a comprehensive and seasonally validated account of vascular plant diversity. The present study aims to systematically assess the composition, distribution, and phytospectrum of pteridophytes and angiosperms within the sanctuary. Intensive field surveys were conducted across multiple habitat types during different seasons from 2024 to 2025 followed by critical taxonomic identification using standard floras and updated nomenclature. A total of 265 plant species were recorded, comprising 04 species of pteridophytes (03 genera) and 261 species of angiosperms distributed among 190 genera and 65 families. The family Fabaceae was the most species-rich, represented by 27 species across 23 genera, whereas the genus Cyperus exhibited maximum species representation with 12 species. The study provides detailed information on the accepted scientific names, current taxonomic citations, growth forms, occurrence status, and field collection numbers of all recorded species. The present floristic inventory establishes a critical baseline dataset for future ecological monitoring, habitat management, and conservation planning within the sanctuary.

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Phytodiversity, Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary, Unnao pteridophtes, angiosperms, floristic account.

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AI-driven framework for sustainable green cloud computing. Cloud data centers consume significant energy, leading to environmental and operational challenges. The proposed system leverages AI models to monitor, predict, and optimize energy consumption in real-time. Resource allocation, workload scheduling, and cooling systems are dynamically managed to minimize carbon footprint. Renewable energy integration is supported through predictive energy availability models. The framework ensures SLA compliance while improving energy efficiency. Machine learning algorithms analyze historical usage patterns and environmental factors. Experimental simulations demonstrate reduced energy consumption and operational costs. Security and performance are maintained alongside sustainability objectives. Scalability supports large-scale cloud infrastructures. The system provides actionable insights for green cloud management. Adaptive learning mechanisms continuously enhance energy-saving strategies. Overall, this approach enables environmentally responsible and cost-effective cloud computing.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI),Green Cloud Computing,Sustainable Computing,Energy-Efficient Computing,Cloud Resource Optimization,Smart Data Centers Renewable Energy Integration,Carbon Footprint Reduction

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The rapid expansion of the fashion and apparel sector in India has created significant opportunities for boutique start-ups, particularly in culturally rich regions like Tamil Nadu. This study explores effective marketing strategies that can be adopted by start-up boutique entrepreneurs to establish a competitive presence in the market. With increasing consumer awareness, digital penetration, and evolving fashion preferences, boutique businesses must integrate both traditional and modern marketing approaches to sustain growth. The research adopts a conceptual framework, and emphasizes the role of social media platforms, influencer collaborations, customer relationship management, and localized branding strategies. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of understanding regional tastes, cultural influences, and festival-driven demand in Tamil Nadu. The findings suggest that digital marketing, combined with personalized customer engagement and niche positioning, significantly enhances brand visibility and customer loyalty. Entrepreneurs who leverage storytelling, ethical sourcing, and customization are more likely to attract modern consumers. Moreover, the integration of online and offline channels provides a seamless shopping experience. The study concludes that adopting innovative, cost-effective, and customer-centric marketing strategies is essential for boutique start-ups to thrive in a competitive environment. The research offers practical suggestions for aspiring entrepreneurs and policymakers to strengthen the boutique ecosystem in Tamil Nadu.

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Start-up Boutique, Niche Marketing, Boutique Entrepreneurship, Marketing Strategies, Digital Marketing.

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This study investigated the influence of regional factors on the phytochemical composition and the bioactivity of Coleus amboinicus (Indian Borage) collected from three distinct regions in Kerala, India - Wayanad, Alappuzha, and Thrissur. The aim of the research is to assess the influence of regional factors like altitude, soil type, climate and rainfall on the medicinal properties of the plant Coleus amboinicus . Macroscopical and microscopical studies of leaves were conducted which revealed the differences between the morphological and cellular features of Coleus amboinicus in the three different regions Alappuzha, Thrissur and Wayanad. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigations identified the constituents responsible for the plant's therapeutic properties. To evaluate the quality standards, physicochemical parameters such as ash values, extractive value, swelling index, foaming index and moisture content were determined. Phytochemical screening of the plant confirmed the presents of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, phytosterols , triterpenoids and volatile oils. Aqueous extracts of the leaves were prepared and subjected to bioactivity analysis. Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity was determined.The results showed noticable regional variations in phytochemical content and biological activity. The sample collected from Wayanad exhibited the highest total flavonoid content when compared to the samples from Thrissur and Alappuzha. The volatile oil from Thrissur showed the highest phenolic content and strong aroma. All extracts showed significant antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, with the plant aqueous extract which was collected from Wayanad showing the highest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus.These findings indicate that geographical and environmental factors significantly influence the phytochemical composition and therapeutic efficacy of the plant Coleus amboinicus. Sample collected from Thrissur may be more suitable for flavouring agent preparations due to their stronger aroma, whereas Wayanad samples are more appropriate for the medicinal formulations because of their higher flavonoid content and enhanced pharmacological activity.

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Coleus amboinicus, regional factors, bioactivity, comparing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid expansion of e-commerce platforms has significantly transformed consumers purchasing behavior in India. Among various online marketplaces, Amazon has emerged as one of the most preferred platforms due to its wide product range, competitive princing and convenient delivery services. The present study aims to examine customer satisfaction towards Amazon's services among consumers in vadodara city.

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E-commerce, Customer Satisfaction, Amazon,Online Shoping,Customer Behavior

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The rapid expansion of the digital economy has significantly transformed traditional employment models, leading to the emergence of freelancing as a dominant workforce paradigm. Online freelancing platforms have become essential in connecting clients with skilled professionals across geographical boundaries. However, existing systems often suffer from inefficient freelancer selection, limited intelligent matching mechanisms, lack of integrated communication modules, and inadequate administrative control. These limitations reduce user satisfaction and increase project failure rates.This research presents the design and development of an intelligent freelancing platform built using the MERN stack, consisting of MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js. The proposed system provides a centralized web-based environment where clients can post projects, freelancers can submit bids, and administrators can monitor system activities. Secure authentication is implemented using JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and password encryption through crypt to ensure data protection and controlled access.A real-time chat system using Socket.io enables seamless communication between clients and freelancers, thereby reducing misunderstandings and improving collaboration efficiency. The system architecture follows a three-tier client-server model, ensuring scalability, maintainability, and performance optimization. MongoDB is utilized for flexible and scalable data storage, while Express.js manages backend APIs and business logic. The frontend, developed in React.js, ensures an interactive and responsive user interface.The implementation results demonstrate improved workflow management, secure role-based operations, and efficient project lifecycle handling. The system proves to be a scalable and practical solution suitable for real-world deployment in the freelancing ecosystem

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Freelancing Platform, MERN Stack, Real-Time Communication, Online Marketplace, Web Application Development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition