Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Abstract District reorganisation in Telangana was undertaken with the stated goals of enhancing administrative efficiency, ensuring equitable development, and strengthening local governance. The government argued that the creation of new districts would bring governance closer to the people, improve service delivery, and address regional disparities. However, the actual impact of this reorganisation on administration and local governance remains a subject of debate. This study examines two key aspects: (1) the changes in administrative structure and processes following district reorganisation, and (2) its effects on the role and functioning of local bodies such as municipalities and gram panchayats. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative analysis of government reports and policy documents with primary data collected through interviews with administrators, local body representatives, and citizens across selected districts. The findings reveal that while the reorganisation has led to some improvements in administrative accessibility and responsiveness, significant challenges persist, including resource constraints, capacity gaps, and overlapping jurisdictions. Additionally, local bodies face increased responsibilities but lack adequate autonomy and financial resources to fulfill their mandates effectively. These outcomes highlight the need for greater alignment between administrative restructuring and local governance frameworks. The study underscores the importance of evidence-based policy-making and calls for targeted interventions to address systemic inefficiencies. The findings carry important implications for policymakers seeking to balance decentralisation with administrative coherence and offer valuable insights for future research on governance reforms in India.

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 Keywords

Key words: District Reorganisation, Administrative Efficiency, Local Governance, Decentralization, Telangana State

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As the number of graduates increases each year, guaranteeing the integrity and security of academic certificates has emerged as a significant challenge. Conventional certificate validation techniques are susceptible to forgery, loss, and inefficient, posing a challenge to institutions and employers to verify credentials accurately. To mitigate this problem, we present a blockchain-aided certificate issuance and verification system that exploits the decentralized and immutable characteristics of the blockchain technology. Only verified educational institutes, which are authorized by an admin, can create and give certificates in this system, which maintains authenticity and restricts unwarranted access. The certificates are securely stored by generating its hash value, and its IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) value and these values are stored on the blockchain. This allows certificates to be verified instantly without a central authority. In contrast to conventional approaches, the system guarantees data integrity, immutability, transparency, and minimizes the potential of certificate forgery. The proposed approach improves the trustworthiness of academic credentials and offers a automated, and tamperproof mechanism for instant certificate verification.

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Blockchain, Digital certificate, Generation, Validation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Planetary alignments, in which heavenly bodies seem to be in a line from the Earth, are controlled by gravitational force and orbital force. But their direct gravitational force on Earth is negligible, they are responsible in variations of solar activity, electromagnetic fields, and space weather. Complex and tough astronomical models, such as Kepler's Laws and Newtonian mechanics, enable accurate predictions of such alignments, showing their importance in cosmic dynamics. Also, research indicates that correlations between planetary positions and variations in cosmic radiation, solar storms, and magnetospheric disturbance influence technological systems and natural processes. Muhurta calculations, that decide particular time periods on the basis of movements of celestial bodies, have their roots in accurate astronomical and mathematical principles. Time is divided into two parts following sidereal and synodic cycles, aligned with Earth's rotation, the phases of the Moon, and planetary positions. Chronobiology research confirms the scientific significance of these time divisions, as they coincide with circadian rhythms, hormonal cycles, and environmental rhythms. This article discusses how planetary positions affect solar and geophysical phenomena and examines the astronomical basis for Muhurta calculations, proving them to be scientific.

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Planetary Alignments & Space Weather Orbital Mechanics & Muhurta Calculations Chronobiology & Circadian Rhythms Astronomical Timekeeping & Computational Models Solar Activity & Cosmic Radiation

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Women Entrepreneurship plays multiple roles in the economy. MSMEs Entrepreneurship does not only act as one of the livelihood opportunities in the economy but also provides employment opportunities to others. This could act as a catalyst for income generation as it improves the productivity level in the economy. Improvement in the productivity level improves the level of per capita income in the economy. A higher level of per capita income improves the standard of living of the population. Hence, entrepreneurship could be a significant contributor in the growth and development of the economy. This study presents several issues pertaining to traditional and modern enterprises on women entrepreneurs in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh. In this regard information was extracted on several aspects like nature of product, type of ownership, year of establishment, motivational factors, number of skilled and unskilled workers, etc. The study clearly shows that, among the modern enterprises plastic products take the major share by 92.3 per cent whereas paper products are accounted for mere 7.7 per cent. This brings out that both in micro and small enterprises there is clear cut distinction of products in the study area. The ownership by partners is found at 18 per cent both in traditional and modern micro enterprises whereas the corresponding figures are 33 per cent and 38 per cent respectively in traditional and modern small enterprises. A chronological picture of establishment of enterprises in various categories from 2017 to 2024. The data reveals that there are two growth spurts in establishment of enterprises. The perceptions of entrepreneurs on the availability of raw materials reported as high at 80 and 67 per cent in traditional and modern enterprises while 80 and 67 per cent of them expressed the demand for their products is medium in the study area.

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Modern, Traditional, Entrepreneurial Motivation, Entrepreneurship, Market Conditions, MSMEs, Manufacturing.

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Global exchange is also very important for economic development. It explores research on the introduction of environmentally friendly practices in import and export operations and focuses on the stability of global alternatives. An important restriction has been decided for the enormous implementation of unexpected work. This includes excessive fees, inconsistent rules, lack of experience and exchange resistance. This study describes solutions that include political intervention, technical achievement and stability trends to minimize alternative environmental traces. The combined strategic method combines quantitative statistical analysis and qualitative topics research and interviews with stakeholders. They consider stable transportation, green packaging and electrical logistics as important ways to reduce carbon emissions in international trade. In addition, the financial advantages of green change, including price savings, brand photos, excellent markets and quotations. The results show that companies are experiencing significant obstacles, regardless of the advantages of sustainable exchange. This study emphasizes the importance of presidential incentives, industrial cooperation and buyer schools to promote sustainable practice. It provides a comprehensive basis for promoting an experience less delivery chain and emphasizes the necessity of international cooperation to standardize efforts in sustainable development around the world. This study uses these demanding situations and opportunities to contribute to an additional environment for sustainable changes to adjust to the economic boom using the environment. In order to give tips to give a tip to achieve the goals, politicians, organizations, organizations, and stakeholders choose experts who are the long-term sustainable dreams of the industry

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Sustainable Trade, Eco-friendly Practices, Global Trade, Environmental Impact, Supply Chain Sustainability

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This study analyzes important elements including ease, trust, transparency, and customisation to look at how digital marketing affects customer happiness. Through the use of structured surveys, the study draws attention to the positive and negative aspects of digital marketing, such as increased accessibility and participation as well as worries about intrusive advertising and data protection. Age affects online shopping behaviour, according to statistical data, highlighting the necessity of focused tactics. According to the study's findings, companies should prioritize interactive content, ethical data handling, and personalization in order to increase consumer happiness and cultivate enduring loyalty in the cutthroat digital market.

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Digital Marketing, Customer Satisfaction, Personalization, Trust, Consumer Engagement, Online Advertising.

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This paper analyses the opinion of Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in cases involving partition of ancestral property, specifically, cases where women have raised question of share in ancestral property. The law prior to 2005 was that the women did not have share in ancestral property, however, the law was amended in 2005 and women were given equal share in ancestral property as that of males, i.e., daughters had right in ancestral property equal to that of sons. However, mere amendment in the law was not sufficient as various legal complications arose over implementation of the amendment, such as, meaning of 'on and from commencement' of the amendment Act. The issue had been brought before the Court in Prakash v. Phulavati case and seemed to have been settled, however, post that the issue arose before Court at various times and this paper analyses the opinions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in such cases.

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gender justice, women, property rights, ancestral property, right to equality, hindu succession act 1956, hindu succession amendment act 2005

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This thorough literature review investigates the connection between academic stress, anxiety, and depression and how these factors affect college students' mental health and quality of life in a variety of subject areas and cultural contexts. Numerous studies demonstrate how high levels of anxiety, depression, and psychological distress affect college students' academic performance and mental health, especially those pursuing demanding careers in medicine, pharmacy, and other disciplines. Due to frequent assessments and ongoing academic pressure, female students and those enrolled in semester-based systems reported higher levels of distress. Additionally, research shows that academic burnout is largely caused by stress brought on by personal inadequacies, poor teacher-student relationships, and fear of failing. Additionally, studies show that academic stress and anxiety directly lower quality of life by compromising self-control, even though there is no discernible indirect impact of academic stress on self-control. The necessity for culturally relevant mental health therapies is highlighted by cross-cultural comparisons that indicate international students face more self-imposed pressures while American students display stronger behavioral responses to academic stress. Stress levels are further increased by the discovery that worry, rumination, and perfectionism are important predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Counselling, biofeedback, mindfulness, and life skills training are a few interventions that have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in reducing academic stress and improving emotional control. Taking care of the many risk factors for psychological discomfort by targeted interventions can greatly enhance students' mental health, academic performance. This analysis underlines the critical need for higher education institutions to focus student mental health and implement comprehensive stress management measures to support students' holistic well-being.

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academic stress , anxiety , mental health , college students , psychological distress

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Climate change poses substantial threats to human well-being, particularly in developing nations such as India, where a considerable proportion of the population is sensitive to environmental changes. This study gives an overview of the influence of climate change on happiness in India by integrating current literature and empirical research that investigates the link between environmental changes and subjective feelings of happiness. The study explores many aspects of climate change, such as temperature rises, extreme weather events, and altered agricultural patterns, and how these affect mental health and life satisfaction. The study illustrates how climate-related stresses worsen socioeconomic gaps, resulting in higher anxiety, sadness, and lower overall happiness among impacted communities. Furthermore, we examine potential policy implications to mitigate these consequences through sustainable development practices and community resilience efforts. This study intends to enlighten policymakers about the relevance of including mental health issues in climate adaptation policies in India by better understanding the subtle links between climate change and happiness. The outcomes underscore the crucial need for all-encompassing strategies that take into account psychological health as well as environmental sustainability in order to promote a happy society in the face of climate change problems.

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climate change, happiness, sadness, sustainability, communities

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The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) is one of the most progressive legislations enacted since independence. Its significance is evident from a variety of perspectives. First, it is a bold and unique experiment in the provision of rural employment in India and indeed in the World at large. In Andhra Pradesh, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) aims to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to every household whose adult members volunteer for unskilled manual work. Postcolonial India's rural employment guarantee programme can be seen as one of such district interventions in the process of contemporary capitalist development. India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) of 2005 and the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) operated under it, first introduced in 2006 in 200 most backward districts of India, and then rolled out nationally in 2008, is a very important economic development scheme operated by the government. The present article examines specifically the inter-district variations in the performance of MGNREGS during 2020-21 to 2024-25. This paper clearly analyse the data on total households employed, total Individuals worked, average days of employment, households completed 100 days of employment and average wage rate district wise data presented in Andhra Pradesh.

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 Keywords

Rural Employment, MGNREGS, Wage rate, Livelihood, District, Individuals, Households.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition