Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

This study examines recent trends in farmer enrollment under India's crop insurance schemes, focusing on the past five years. Using data from the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), it identifies notable patterns and evaluates how these schemes influence farmers' income stability. Through statistical analyses and insights from socio-economic indicators, the research highlights the role of crop insurance in mitigating risks associated with natural disasters and market volatility. Additionally, it evaluates regional variations in claim-to-premium ratios and disbursement practices, highlighting the equity challenges that hinder universal adoption. By offering data-driven insights and actionable recommendations, this research aims to empower policymakers to design more inclusive and efficient insurance frameworks, ensuring long-term sustainability and resilience for India's agricultural sector.

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 Keywords

crop insurance, PMFBY, agriculture resilience, insurance coverage.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The traditional wall art of the Santals is connected with the Sohrai festival, a traditional harvest festival celebrated by the tribal communities in Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and West Bengal to mark the end of the agricultural season. Sohrai art is an integral part of this festival, where tribal women prepare intricate and vibrant designs on the mud walls of houses as a showcase of their happiness and thanksgiving to the cattle, which worked tirelessly throughout the year to provide food for the household. As part of the Indian Knowledge System, Sohrai art not only serves as a medium of aesthetic expression but also as a repository of cultural values, oral traditions, and ecological wisdom. However, the impact of modernization, globalization, and urbanization is increasingly evident in Sohrai art. Traditional themes have been replaced by modern themes, and natural colours derived from clay, flowers, and trees are being substituted with synthetic paints for convenience. These changes reflect the community's adaptation to the modern scenario but risk diluting the essence of their indigenous knowledge. In this paper, an attempt has been made to understand how Sohrai wall art portrays the Santal culture and tradition, thereby enriching the Indian Knowledge System, as well as the impact of modernization on this art form.

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 Keywords

Sohrai Wall Art, Indian Knowledge System, Santal Tribe, Globalization, Indigenous Knowledge.

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The quest for environmentally friendly and sustainable materials in modern technology has led to the exploration of alternative resources for various applications. Bamboo, a fast-growing, renewable resource, has garnered attention for its potential in acoustic engineering, particularly in the design of amplifiers. This paper explores the potential of bamboo as a material for amplifiers, focusing on its mechanical properties, acoustic characteristics, and sustainability aspects. We present an in-depth analysis of bamboo's ability to amplify sound, its integration into existing amplifier technologies, and its impact on the future of audio engineering. Through experimental data and material comparison, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of bamboo's role in amplifying acoustic performance and its ecological advantages over traditional amplifier materials.

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Bamboo, Acoustic Amplification, Sustainable Materials, Audio Engineering, Acoustic Properties, Green Technology, Material Science

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Mellitus) also known as simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. It is resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. It is the most common endocrine disorder and by the year 2010, it is estimated that more than 200 million people worldwide will have Diabetes Mellitus and 300 million will subsequently have the disease by 2025. Diabetes Mellitus are categorised into two major types are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus or insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in which body fails to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin or wear an insulin pump. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, results from insulin resistance, condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, with or without an absolute insulin deficiency. Clinical symptoms include polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger), Paraesthesia (numbness or tingling sensation on hands or feet). Recent trends in treating diabetes include using oral hypoglycaemic agents and novel drug delivery approach. Various herbal drugs have been also proved effective due to their beneficial contents in treatment of diabetes. Appropriate diet and healthy lifestyle strategies should be followed with drugs. This review article gives a detail on Historic approach, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and treatment Strategies with a brief about herbal strategies.

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 Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin, Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Hypoglycaemic, Polyuria, Polydipsia, Paraesthesia, Polyphagia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping various industries, and education is one of them. This transformative technology offers unprecedented opportunities to enhance learning experiences, personalize instruction, and improve overall educational outcomes. AI is making a significant impact is in the development of educational technology and these tools are creating various interactive and engaging learning experiences, such as virtual reality simulations and augmented reality lessons for the students. These technologies can help to make learning more immersive and memorable, particularly for subjects like science, history, and geography. Traditional classroom often tend to follow a systematical approach, which can leave students struggling and loosen their interest. The analytical capabilities of AI allow educators to derive valuable insights, with this information; AI systems can tailor educational content and pacing to meet each student's unique needs. Though, AI is remarkable in numerous ways in terms of education. It is not without its drawbacks. There are challenges like Data Privacy, Dependence on Technology, Cost and Resources, and Ethical Considerations. However, by carefully considering these factors and implementing AI in a responsible and ethical manner, we can harness the power of technology to create a more equitable and effective education system for all. AI can also enhance assessment by providing students with faster feedback and identifying areas where they may be struggling. Additionally, AI can help to create more engaging and accessible educational content, and it can automate many administrative tasks, freeing up educators to focus on teaching and student support, streamlining administrative tasks, and providing data-driven insights. However, it is necessary for one to navigate the challenges thoughtfully and ensure that the integration of AI in education serves all learners equitably and effectively.

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Keyword: AI in education, personalized learning, technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid progress in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has dramatically reshaped the healthcare sector, offering new possibilities for disease prediction and personalized medical recommendations. This review paper examines the cutting-edge methods, technologies, and frameworks designed to recommend appropriate specialists based on provided symptoms. It underscores the integration of AI techniques, including natural language processing (NLP), deep learning, and decision tree algorithms, for analyzing symptoms and diagnosing conditions. The paper also explores the role of big data analytics, wearable technology, and electronic health records (EHR) in boosting the precision and dependability of these systems. Key challenges such as data privacy concerns, the interpretability of AI models, and ensuring equitable access to these advancements are also discussed. Furthermore, the paper highlights recent breakthroughs, emerging trends, and potential future directions aimed at enhancing the efficiency, scalability, and accessibility of these systems. By synthesizing findings from current research, this review provides a comprehensive guide for researchers and professionals looking to innovate within this field.

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Doctor recommendation, natural language processing, Deep Reinforcement Learning, Collaborative and content filtering,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Meditation and yajnas are not just rituals but it's a way to live a great and healthy life along with your mental and social wellbeing. Yajnas are key rituals in Hinduism , Jainism, buddhism etc . as it is believed that people perform such rituals to maintain peace and happiness among themselves. Meditation helps to maintain positive thoughts and eliminate negative ones. Also, yajnas have a different point of view for people believing in superstitions. Also, we should preserve such good things for our future generations.

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 Keywords

Meditation , Yajnas , Scientific significance , Spirituality , Chanting Om , Mental health ,Stress reduction ,Positive energy , Parasympathetic nervous system , Breathing efficiency, Superstitions ,Indian traditions ,Mantras ,Rituals ,Environmental purification ,Social well-being ,Focus and concentration , Religious significance, Ancient practices , Brain stimulation

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This study explores the development of an eco-friendly, waterproof women's wallet using a woven fabric composed of duck feathers, kapok, and cotton. The project aims to offer a sustainable alternative to chemically coated waterproof wallets by utilizing natural fibers with inherent water-repellent properties. The duck feather fabric is further enhanced with a coating derived from mackerel fish scale powder applied via a paddle mangle process. This research examines the material's physical and mechanical properties, including tensile strength, breathability, moisture resistance, and biodegradability. The testing phase includes a drop test to assess water resistance and a pH test to ensure skin compatibility. Comparative testing with conventional chemically coated wallets highlights the sustainability, durability, and efficiency of the proposed innovation, paving the way for future applications of natural-based waterproof textiles in the fashion accessories industry. By replacing synthetic coatings with naturally derived substances, this project contributes to reducing environmental waste and promoting sustainable fashion.

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 Keywords

Waterproof, Sustainable, Women's Wallet, Duck Feather, Kapok, Cotton, Fish Scale Powder, Eco-friendly, Biodegradable, Natural Fiber Innovation, Sustainable Fashion Accessories

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Heritage and cultural tourism serve as powerful drivers of economic growth, cultural preservation, and social cohesion. Cultural tourism, a growing segment within the tourism industry, focuses on the preservation of cultural heritage and serves as a strategic tool for marketing a destination's unique assets. By highlighting distinctive cultural narratives and historical significance, cultural tourism attracts a diverse range of visitors, from history enthusiasts to cultural explorers, increasing tourist numbers and generating substantial economic benefits. However, despite its potential as a catalyst for economic development, many destinations struggle to effectively leverage their cultural assets to attract tourists and create sustainable economic impacts. This study systematically examines how destinations market their heritage and cultural assets, highlighting the effectiveness of digital strategies such as social media engagement, influencer marketing, and immersive technologies like Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). Through a review of 51 academic sources, the research identifies key challenges which often hinder the sustainable development of heritage tourism. The findings underscore the critical need for strategic, well-integrated marketing approaches that balance destination promotion with cultural preservation. By fostering stakeholder collaboration, adopting innovative digital tools, and implementing sustainable tourism policies, destinations can enhance their competitive positioning while safeguarding their cultural legacy.

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 Keywords

Cultural tourism, Heritage tourism, Destination marketing, Heritage preservation, Cultural heritage marketing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This project presents an AC Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems using Single-Stage Buck-Boost transformer less Inverter. In this, the input PV source shares the common ground with neutral of the grid which eliminates the leakage currents. The buck-boost ability which tracks the maximum power point even under the wide variation of input PV voltage. Another feature of this project is that it uses only one energy storage inductor which provides symmetric operation during both half cycles of the grid. In addition, the two out of five switches of the proposed topology operate at a line frequency, thereby, it exhibits low switching losses and the other three switches conduct in any mode of operation which incurs low conduction losses. A simple sine- triangle pulse width modulation strategy is proposed to control the inverter circuit is analyzed at all operating modes and explained in detail. Experiments are carried out on the 300W laboratory prototype and all the major results are included in the paper, which shows that the proposed system gives higher efficiency with lower THD in output current.

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 Keywords

1. PV Cell 2. Buck-Boost Transformer Less Inverter

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition