Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Sign language recognition is an important area of study in human-computer interaction that focuses on reducing communication gaps between the deaf community and society. The conventional approach of using handcrafted features (SIFT, HOG) along with machine learning classifiers (SVM, k-NN, HMM) did not deliver good accuracy, generalization, or temporal information processing capabilities. This paper discusses a study of over 30+ research papers on deep learning approaches for Indian Sign Language recognition, published between 2015-2025. A hybrid model of CNNs, namely MobileNetV2, and BiLSTMs is proposed for ISL recognition, which achieves 96.8% accuracy on static gestures, 94.2% accuracy on dynamic gestures, with a latency of 110-180 ms, and model size of ~11MB using TensorFlow Lite. The gaps in this area of study are also discussed, including the need for a larger dataset, non-manual signs, and continuous sign language recognition.

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 Keywords

Indian Sign Language, CNN-LSTM, Deep Learning, Gesture Recognition, MobileNetV2, Real-Time Recognition, Computer Vision

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Postoperative pain and anxiety are common clinical problems that negatively affect patient recovery. Non-pharmacological interventions such as massage therapy are increasingly used as complementary approaches to improve patient comfort. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of hand and foot massage on pain and anxiety among postoperative patients admitted in selected hospitals of Hamirpur (H.P.). A quantitative approach with quasi-experimental research design was adopted. A total of 60 postoperative patients were selected using non-probability convenience sampling and divided into experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were used for data collection. Hand and foot massage was administered to the experimental group for 15 minutes, twice daily for three consecutive days, while the control group received routine care. The findings revealed a statistically significant reduction in post-test pain and anxiety scores in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The study concluded that hand and foot massage is an effective, safe, and economical complementary therapy for reducing pain and anxiety among postoperative patients.

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 Keywords

K e y w o r d s Postoperative pain, Anxiety, Hand and foot massage, Complementary therapy

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 Abstract

The Multimodal AI System is designed to process and analyze multiple types of data, including image, text, and audio, to generate accurate predictions. It uses pre-trained models such as ResNet-50, BERT, and Wav2Vec2 to extract features from each modality. These features are combined using an attention-based fusion mechanism to create a unified representation. The system provides predictions along with confidence scores and visualizations through an interactive user interface. This approach improves accuracy, robustness, and overall understanding compared to single-modality AI systems.

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 Keywords

Multimodal AI, Deep Learning, Image Processing, Natural Language Processing, Audio Processing, Feature Extraction, Attention Mechanism, Cross-Modal Fusion, BERT, ResNet-50, Wav2Vec2, Gradio Interface

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Decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) represents an advanced stage of cirrhosis characterized by life-threatening complications such as portal hypertension, variceal haemorrhage, ascites, infections, and hepatic insufficiency. We report the case of a 46-year-old male with a history of chronic alcohol use and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with hematemesis and haematochezia. Clinical examination revealed tachycardia with stable oxygen saturation. Laboratory investigations demonstrated anaemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and elevated blood urea, indicating impaired hepatic synthetic function and ongoing blood loss. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed altered hepatic echotexture, surface irregularity, portal vein dilatation, and moderate ascites, findings consistent with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Additionally, lower limb imaging revealed diffuse cellulitis with a subcutaneous collection, suggesting a superimposed infection that likely precipitated acute decompensation. Scrotal ultrasonography also demonstrated bilateral hydrocele. The patient was managed with broad-spectrum antibiotics, beta-blockers, proton pump inhibitors, insulin therapy, and supportive measures aimed at controlling bleeding, infection, and metabolic imbalance. This case highlights the complex and multifactorial nature of DCLD, where infection, metabolic comorbidities, and portal hypertension interact to accelerate clinical deterioration. Early recognition of precipitating factors, timely initiation of guideline-directed therapy, and appropriate use of imaging modalities are essential for improving patient outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach, including infection control, hemodynamic stabilization, and consideration for liver transplantation, remains critical in reducing morbidity and mortality in advanced liver disease.

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Decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD); Cirrhosis; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Portal hypertension; Cellulitis; Alcohol-related liver disease; Ascites; Ultrasonography

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"The literary efforts of Dr. Udayveer Sharma in the development and promotion of Rajasthani literature."

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"The literary efforts of Dr. Udayveer Sharma in the development and promotion of Rajasthani literature."

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"The Contribution of the Magazine 'Jagti Jot' to the Development of Rajasthani Literature and Cultural Consciousness: A Critical Study"

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"The Contribution of the Magazine 'Jagti Jot' to the Development of Rajasthani Literature and Cultural Consciousness: A Critical Study"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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"Dr. Udayveer Sharma's Contribution to the Development of Rajasthani Literature: A Critical Study"

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"Dr. Udayveer Sharma's Contribution to the Development of Rajasthani Literature: A Critical Study"

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Women's empowerment has emerged as a central objective in inclusive development policy and academic discourse on gender and development. Grassroots financial institutions such as Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are widely recognized as mechanisms that enhance women's access to resources, strengthen collective agency, and improve livelihood opportunities. Despite extensive research on microfinance, empirical evidence examining the multidimensional nature of empowerment at the district level remains limited. This study investigates the influence of SHG participation on economic, social, political, cultural, and legal dimensions of women's empowerment in Vijayapura district of Karnataka, India. Primary data were collected from 262 women belonging to 26 SHGs across five taluks of Vijayapura district through a structured survey instrument and field interactions. Statistical analyses including reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were employed to examine the relationship between SHG participation and empowerment outcomes. The results indicate that SHGs significantly enhance women's economic autonomy, confidence in social participation, and involvement in community decision-making processes. Economic empowerment emerged as the most influential determinant of overall empowerment, followed by social and cultural empowerment. Political and legal empowerment showed positive yet comparatively moderate effects. The findings highlight the role of grassroots collective institutions in fostering inclusive development and gender equality in rural contexts. The study contributes to empowerment theory by demonstrating how community-based financial collectives influence multiple dimensions of women's agency in emerging economies. Policy implications emphasize strengthening institutional support, digital financial inclusion, skill development, and market linkages to further enhance the developmental potential of SHGs. Keywords: Women empowerment, Self-Help Groups, microfinance, rural development, gender equality, Karnataka

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Keywords: Women empowerment, Self-Help Groups, microfinance, rural development, gender equality, Karnataka

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Both personal and professional spheres are closely connected. This issue affects both genders, impacting all professionals across various levels and industries worldwide due to increasing job demands, globalization, and advancements in industry. The banking sector is currently confronting the challenge of an unbalanced work-life equilibrium. Workload constraints are becoming more stringent, and individuals are now expected to deliver valuable outcomes while also meeting targets. As a result of this workload, achieving a balance between work and family life becomes exceedingly difficult. People often work so hard in their pursuit of success that they fail to enjoy the real joys of life. A great profession is wonderful, but having a life outside of work is just as vital. The public and private sectors of banks are the particular focus of this study. The research concluded that specialists in the banking sector now aim for work-life balance and that workers perform better when they make time for their families and other interests

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Worklife Balance, Gender

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Bihar Rajya Bhagalpur Smart City Me Nagarikaran Vikas Evam Paryavarniya Prabhav : Ek Bhaugolik Adhyayan

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Bihar Rajya Bhagalpur Smart City Me Nagarikaran Vikas Evam Paryavarniya Prabhav : Ek Bhaugolik Adhyayan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition