Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

This project presents a novel system designed to enhance classroom learning environments by detecting cell phone usage. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller, a GSM module, and a CA3130 IC to effectively identify the presence of cell phones within the classroom. The CA3130, a highly sensitive electromagnetic radiation detector, is capable of accurately sensing the signals emitted by cell phones, even when they are in silent or vibration mode. Upon detecting a cell phone, the ESP32 triggers the GSM module to send a text message to a designated authority, alerting them to the violation. This proactive approach offers a valuable solution to the pervasive issue of cell phone distractions in classrooms, fostering a more focused and engaging learning atmosphere for both students and teachers. The system's innovative design ensures its reliability and ease of implementation. The ESP32 microcontroller provides a versatile platform for con-trolling the system's functionality, while the GSM module enables real-time communication with designated authorities. The CA3130 IC, with its high sensitivity and accuracy, guarantees that even subtle cell phone signals can be detected. By combining these components into a cohesive system, this project of-fers a practical and effective means of addressing the challenge of cell phone distractions in educational settings

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

RF Detector Modules, ESP32 Microcontroller, GSM Module, CA3130 Op-Amp IC, Buzzer, SIM Card.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Oil contamination of clayey soils poses a severe threat, mainly along the coasts and marinas, since it affects soil structure, rendering the soil unsuitable and unstable for construction. . Clayey soils are common substrata when large amounts of pollutants need to be absorbed; at the point when soil structures break down, they engulf moisture, accumulate pollutants to a end. Oil hydrocarbons disturb the clay's particle cohesion and create more settlement with less stability. Oil polluting the soil implies some impediment to sorptivity, which goes so far as to limit essential processes like compaction, which are necessary to build soil stability. The main focus of this research project will be to determine the extent of oil contamination in clayey soil along the Cochin marine areas responsible for changing properties related to the strength, the permeability of the soil and plasticity. The main motivation in this research activity is in having a data-driven rehabilitation of the soil so that stability is restored and supports sustainability in the building industry. This research is far from changing the usability of the soil for construction and plays its bit in environment-friendly modalities that save groundwater from contamination while protecting coastal ecosystems and communities from the vices of groundwater contamination.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Oil contamination, Clayey soil, Cochin marine side, Cement-Lime stabilization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research delves into the intricate relationship between attachment difficulties and mental well-being within the youth population. It examines how insecure attachment styles, formed during early development, can significantly impact the psychological health of adolescents and young adults. By exploring the prevalence and nature of attachment issues, the study aims to illuminate the specific mental health challenges, such as anxiety, depression, and social maladjustment, that arise from these insecure patterns. Furthermore, this investigation seeks to identify potential mediating and moderating factors that may influence this association, providing insights into the pathways through which attachment insecurities translate into mental health struggles. Ultimately, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of the critical role of early attachment in shaping the mental landscape of young individuals, with implications for targeted interventions and support services. By exploring these questions, we hope to shed light on the exact ways that early attachment experiences affect the mental health of young people. This knowledge is crucial for developing better support systems and targeted interventions. Imagine being able to help young people build healthier relationships and improve their mental well-being by addressing the root causes stemming from those early attachment experiences. That's the ultimate goal of this research.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Attachment styles, psychological health, Attachment issues, Anxiety, Depression.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The terms 'global warming' and 'climate change' are often used co-tremendously, but the two phenomena are different. Global warming is the rise in global temperatures due to an increase of heat trapping carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Climate change, on the other hand, is a more general term that refers to changes in many climatic factors around the world. These changes are happening at different rates and in different ways. The world mostly agrees that some-thing needs to be done about global warming and climate change. The first stumbling block, however, has been trying to get an agreement on a unanimous framework. In 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created by the United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to assess the scientific knowledge on global warming. The IPCC concluded in 1990 that there was broad international consensus that climate change was human induced. That report led the way to an international convention for climate change namely the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), signed by over 150 countries at the 'Rio Earth Summit' in the year 1992. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported that greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the global atmosphere were rising as a result of human GHG emissions, principally from fossil fuel burning this is clearly a 'global problem'. (A. Shah, 2004, IPCC, 2001, J. A. Church et.al. 2010)

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate, Convention, Emission, Economic growth, Global warming, Values

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The enforcement of anti-money laundering (AML) laws, particularly the Money Laundering Act, remains a significant challenge for both global and local financial systems. This research paper examines the various obstacles faced by law enforcement agencies and financial institutions in effectively implementing AML measures. At the global level, challenges such as regulatory inconsistencies, jurisdictional issues, the rise of cryptocurrencies, and the complexities of international cooperation hinder the fight against money laundering. Locally, issues like insufficient resources, lack of expertise, corruption, and weak legal frameworks contribute to ineffective enforcement. The paper also looks into how globalization has changed money laundering techniques and affected financial crimes. This study demonstrates the need for a more coordinated and proactive strategy to combat money laundering and strengthen enforcement mechanisms by analyzing case studies from developed and developing nations. In order to guarantee more potent deterrence and accountability, solutions are also provided for enhancing global and local enforcement strategies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Money laundering, Anti-money laundering, Financial Institutions, Global Issues, Local Issues, Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs implemented by Maruti Suzuki India Limited, one of the top automakers in India. This study looks at how Maruti Suzuki links its CSR initiatives with sustainable development and societal welfare as CSR becomes an essential component of business strategy. Road safety, community development, talent training, environmental sustainability, and health and education programs are among the main areas of the company's CSR efforts that are the subject of the study. Using a descriptive research design, the study mostly draws from secondary data sources, including government publications, sustainability reports, yearly reports, and reliable internet sites. The efficacy of the CSR efforts is evaluated using a qualitative methodology, with quantitative data included when appropriate to provide a thorough analysis.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CSR, Maruti Suzuki, Analyzes

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Haryana's political landscape has been significantly shaped by regionalism and dynastic politics, influencing voting behavior and contributing to a democratic deficit. The state has witnessed the dominance of political families, which has fostered a culture of leadership continuity within family circles rather than ideological evolution. This paper examines how dynasty-driven politics impacts electoral outcomes, governance efficiency, and democratic participation in Haryana. Through an analysis of voting patterns, the research explores factors such as caste dynamics, rural-urban divides, economic aspirations, and the role of political patronage. Additionally, it investigates the extent of voter autonomy, examining whether electoral choices are influenced by historical loyalties, candidate merit, or populist schemes. The study also critiques the democratic deficit arising from reduced political competition, voter disenchantment, and the limited rise of grassroots leadership outside established dynasties. By assessing election data, voter surveys, and historical trends, the research highlights the implications of dynastic politics on Haryana's democratic framework. The findings suggest that while political families offer stability and experience, they also hinder political diversity and restrict broader representation. The study concludes by proposing reforms to enhance intra-party democracy, empower independent leadership, and foster a more competitive political environment in Haryana's electoral landscape.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Regional and Dynasty politics, Haryana voting behavior, Politics, Dynasty, Devilal, Bansilal, Bhajanlal, Hoodas, Chautalas, democracy, assembly elections

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project is based on the idea of maintaining maximum utilization and minimum loss of available energy. The plenty of solar energy available during the day time is stored in a solar cell and the stored energy is used to glow the street lights during the whole night. Also the System provides a power saving mode of operation by adapting the method of automation. A dark sensor and a light sensor provides the automatic "ON"/"OFF" facility to the street lights, so that it will glow automatically when it is required(i.e. when the surrounding will be dark) and it will be turned "OFF" automatically if sufficient light is available in the surrounding. Again the auto intensity control mechanism has been applied by the help of a microcontroller to control the light intensity of the luminaries as per the requirement. Hence the loss of energy due to unnecessary glow of the street lights can be avoided. The main aim of this project is to utilize the application of the Adriano board to control the intensity of street light. As the traffic decreases slowly during late-night hours, the intensity gets reduced progressively till morning to save energy and so, the street lights switch on at the dusk and then switch off at the dawn, automatically. The process repeats every day. White Light Emitting Diodes (LED) replaces conventional HID lamps in street lighting system to include.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

SOLAR AND WIND BASED SMART STREET LIGHTING

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????, ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????, ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????????????, ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??, ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????, ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????, ??????, ??? ??????? ?? ???????, ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????, ??????, ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????, ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??, ?????????? ??, ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????, ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

????? ???? - ??? ?????, ????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????, ?????? ????????, ??? ??????? ????????

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In an era where digital interaction has become central to education, work, and communication, traditional desktop environments continue to rely heavily on manual input methods such as keyboards and mice. This dependency poses significant challenges for specially-abled users, who may struggle with fine motor control, visual impairments, or other physical limitations. AIGENT -- Artificial Intelligence Guided Enhanced Network Technology -- is a multimodal AI assistant designed to transform desktop computing into a fully accessible, hands-free experience. AIGENT combines speech recognition, gesture detection, and facial emotion analysis to offer users a seamless and intuitive way to control their computers. Whether opening applications, managing files, sending messages, or performing system-level tasks, users can rely on natural voice commands or simple gestures. Additionally, AIGENT's emotion-aware system detects frustration or confusion through facial expressions, triggering adaptive guidance to improve user experience and reduce cognitive load. Developed using Python, OpenCV, MediaPipe, and SpeechRecognition, AIGENT is fully local-first, ensuring privacy by design. This project aims not only to enhance accessibility for specially-abled users but also to introduce a more human-centric way of interacting with computers for all users. By bridging the gap between productivity and accessibility, AIGENT embodies the philosophy that technology should adapt to the user, not the other way around.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AIGENT AI Desktop Assistant Speech Recognition Gesture Control Emotion Detection Human-Computer Interaction Accessibility Python Programming OpenCV MediaPipe NLP (Natural Language Processing) Inclusive Technology Voice Commands System Automation Adaptive Computing

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition