Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Efficient water management is one of the major challenge in the modern agriculture, mostly for small scale farmers and home gardeners. In our project we designed and implemented a low cost Smart Irrigation System using an Arduino Uno and a soil moisture sensor. our system continuously monitors soil moisture levels and automatically activates a water pump when the soil becomes dry. The objective of our work is to develop an affordable and portable irrigation controller that reduces water wastage and minimises human effort. Our system consists of a soil moisture sensor, relay module, 5V water pump, and an independent battery supply. During experimental testing over five days of period, our system operated reliably and supplied water to the plant when required, reducing unnecessary irrigation compared to manual watering methods. Our goal is to propose the system that demonstrates the effective automation that can be achieved using basic electronic components without the need of expensive industrial IoT infrastructure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart irrigation, Arduino Uno, soil moisture sensor, automation and water conservation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract This study compares rural and urban healthcare accessibility in Madhya Pradesh. Results indicate significant disparities in infrastructure, workforce, and service utilization. Urban areas are better equipped, while rural populations face barriers to access and affordability. Introduction The uploaded article highlights that only a small proportion of hospitals and beds are available in rural areas, leading to inequality in health services . Rural populations depend heavily on under-resourced PHCs. Objectives o To compare rural and urban health infrastructure o To assess accessibility and utilization o To identify barriers to healthcare Methodology o Design: Comparative study o Sample: 200 participants (100 rural, 100 urban) o Tools: Interview schedule Results o Urban areas had better hospital availability (3.6 per lakh vs 0.36 rural) o Rural population reported lack of diagnostic services o Higher dependency on private healthcare in rural areas Discussion As noted in the original paper (page 8), rural areas lack basic facilities like X-ray and laboratory services, forcing patients to travel long distances . This creates financial burden and delays treatment. Conclusion Bridging rural-urban gaps requires infrastructure expansion, mobile health units, and telemedicine.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Healthcare disparity, Rural vs Urban, Accessibility, Public health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fluorenone, a polycyclic aromatic ketone, has emerged as a versatile and enduring scaffold in organic chemistry. Its rigid fluorene backbone coupled with an electrophilic carbonyl group imparts distinctive structural and electronic characteristics that underpin a broad spectrum of chemical reactivity. Classical transformations such as nucleophilic addition and redox processes coexist with photochemical pathways that exploit its strong absorption in the visible region, making fluorenone a uniquely adaptable molecule. These attributes have secured its role as a valuable intermediate in synthetic chemistry, a photocatalyst in radical and oxidative reactions, and a functional building block in pharmaceuticals and advanced materials. Practical applications range from dye and pigment synthesis to organic electronics, where its conjugated framework enhances charge transport and stability in OLEDs and photovoltaic devices. Recent advances underscore its potential in sustainable photocatalysis, metal-free organic transformations, and the development of functionalized derivatives with promising biological activity. Looking forward, emerging directions include integration into nanostructured systems, expansion into green chemistry, and exploration of fluorenone-based ligands in coordination chemistry. Collectively, these developments highlight fluorenone's evolution from a classical aromatic ketone into a multifunctional platform at the intersection of synthetic innovation, materials science, and sustainable technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Fluorenone, Antibacterial activity, OLED, Photovoltaic materials

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bio preservation is the one of the notable techniques used as an alternate source for chemical preservatives. Some of the foods have short self life and some have long. Therefore, spoilage controlling of foods are mostly critical for food industries. Bio preservation makes a solution to solve these issues. It includes microbes as a bio preservative. Some of them also helps to increase the nutritional value as well as the shelf life. Most of the beneficial microbes such as lactobacillus, E. coli, etc. can improve the gut health and act as a normal flora for humans. Lactobacillus sps, are mostly used for food preservation as it produces a component named bacteriocin, it increases the shelf life of the food. The collaboration of green peas, wheat flour with lactobacillus can form as a nutritional food which was both benefits for gut health and other vitamins and minerals. It also acts as a snack which had more shelf life. Green peas had more nutritious value and it contains minerals such as potassium, calcium and also rich in vitamin C and other antioxidant properties. It mostly supports the cardiovascular functions. Wheat flour is also a dietary food which had more number of proteins and fibers and also have some phytochemical properties. The fusion of these things can be more beneficial for human especially for diabetic patients.

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 Keywords

Lactobacillus sps ., Bacteriocin, Green peas , Wheat flour, Bio preservative , Dietary food.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Community-Based Homestay Tourism is an alternative to traditional tourism where tourists or guests stay in the local community's own houses. The paper aimed to address the relationship between Homestay tourism development and achieving sustainable development goals in the Darjeeling Himalayan Region. For data collection, face-to-face interviews were organized, and 264 respondents participated in the study. After the data collection, four hypotheses were assessed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). It was found that economic sustainability, Socio-cultural Sustainability and Health and well-being were positively influenced by the community-Based homestay tourism development. On the other hand, environmental sustainability is insignificantly affected by the community-Based homestay tourism development, and it may be caused by a lack of government campaign, a lack of training, improper waste management, stress on natural resources, etc., in this region. The present study gives a theoretical implication and meaningful insights with a directional future research pathway.

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 Keywords

Community-Based Homestay Tourism (CBHmT); Economic Sustainability (ES); Socio-Cultural Sustainability (SCS); Environmental Sustainability (EVS); Health and Well-being (HWS); Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sericulture plays an important role in employment generation and sustainable livelihood opportunities in rural villages in India. The present study aims to examine the impact of sericulture in empowering rural communities in Rasulpur village of Nabagram C.D. block, Murshidabad. To prepare the study, necessary primary data were collected from 100 sample households by the field survey method, and secondary data were collected from government reports, journals, theses, websites, etc. Findings reveal that sericulture has a significant contribution to employment generation, income generation, women empowerment and overall community development. However, farmers face several challenges like the spreading of diseases, infrastructural unavailability, lack of credit facilities, interference of middlemen, lack of proper training and less wage rate in their working environment. But proper maintenance of hygiene, access to infrastructure, proper training and credit facilities from government and non-government organisations and awareness among sericulturists can remove these problems and make sericulture practice more secure and resilient for the rural communities in the study area.

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 Keywords

sericulture, community development, employment generation, sustainable livelihood opportunities, women empowerment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Indian literary tradition is one of the richest and oldest literary heritages in the world. It encompasses sacred scriptures, epics, philosophical writings, poetry, and modern literature that have significantly influenced human values and personality development. Literature in India has always served not only as a source of knowledge and entertainment but also as a guide for ethical living and self-realization. This paper explores how Indian literary tradition contributes to personality development by shaping moral values, emotional intelligence, social responsibility, and spiritual awareness. Through classical texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Ramayana, and Mahabharata, Indian literature offers timeless principles that shape individual character and societal harmony.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

heritages, human values and personality development, ethical living and self-realization, social responsibility, and spiritual awareness

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: An interventional study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of aloe vera extract on episiotomy wound among postnatal mothers. Quasi experimental one group post test design was used to conduct the study. 46 mothers were selected as samples conveniently. Aloe vera extract was applied two times a day for a period of 5 days during the postnatal period and ongoing assessment was done using Modified Southampton Wound Healing scale. The wound regeneration was interpreted on the 5th postnatal day using Modified Bates Jensen wound score continnum. The result shows that there is a significant effect in the progress of wound healing. Hence, it is concluded that aloe vera extract is found to be effective in faster wound healing.

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Index Terms - Aloe vera extract, Episiotomy wound, Postnatal mothers, Wound healing, Nursing intervention.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Development of a Therapeutic Multi-Component Yoga Module for Improving Sleep and Reducing Insomnia-Related Problems: A Study Based on Traditional and Scientific Approaches

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: This study has been undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of early suckling on maternal and neonatal outcomes during the third stage of labour. The research utilized a quasi-experimental post-test only design on a sample size of 60 mothers (30 experimental, 30 control) admitted to the labour room at Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College Jabalpur. Data was collected via a non-probability convenient sampling technique, comparing mothers who initiated early suckling against those receiving routine hospital care. The results demonstrated a highly significant improvement in maternal outcome (t=11.825, p<0.001) and neonatal outcome (t=13.096, p<0.001) for the experimental group. Early suckling facilitates vital benefits including timely placental separation, reduction in postpartum blood loss, newborn thermoregulation, and enhanced emotional bonding.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Index Terms - Component, formatting, style, styling, insert, Early suckling, Maternal outcome, Neonatal outcome, Third stage of labour, Postpartum hemorrhage.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition