IJCRT Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as Per New UGC Rules.
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2320-2882 | Impact factor: 7.97 | ESTD Year: 2013
Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 7.97 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(CrossRef DOI)
| IJCRT Journal front page | IJCRT Journal Back Page |
Paper Title: Game Based Digital Quiz As A Tool For Improving Student's Engagement Learning In Online Lectures
Author Name(s): Dr. N. S. Kavitha, Arjun Annamalai .G. K, Deeparaja J, Jeeva Anandh .M
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403756
Register Paper ID - 253096
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403756 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 641 010 , Coimbatore, 641 010 , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403756 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403756 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403756.pdf
Title: GAME BASED DIGITAL QUIZ AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING STUDENT'S ENGAGEMENT LEARNING IN ONLINE LECTURES
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g365-g369
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 283
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
The outbreak of the COVID 19 crisis has given rise to online classes that have changed the way of learning. EDUTEACH E-learning platform has been carefully designed to enhance the learning and teaching process to meet different learning styles and needs. It uses python anaconda scripts to provide a learning environment that supports personal development and learning success with an easy-to-use user interface. It provides unparalleled flexibility in training programs through prioritization, efficiency and customer reach. With good understanding, users can find, store, export, save, use and visualize information to benefit a dynamic business. EDUTEACH offers comprehensive courses and easy-to-use templates so students can easily search and enroll. By using rich online resources and classroom libraries, students can step outside the traditional classroom and embark on an independent learning journey. It also offers an alternative to traditional teaching, making quality education free and accessible to everyone.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Learning Platform, sequential convolutional neural network, deep learning.
Paper Title: Recent Trends in Life Insurance and Term Insurance in India.
Author Name(s): Mr.Manoj Ramesh Gawale, Dr.Sujata Shivaji Gadakh
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403755
Register Paper ID - 253733
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403755 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, - , -, - , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403755 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403755 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403755.pdf
Title: RECENT TRENDS IN LIFE INSURANCE AND TERM INSURANCE IN INDIA.
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g360-g364
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 259
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
In today's fast-paced and competitive world, life has become increasingly demanding and uncertain. People's lifestyles, personal and family needs, expectations, and financial planning are influenced by a variety of factors. As social beings, it is crucial for individuals to ensure their own safety and that of their families. While many consider life insurance solely in the context of death, its importance extends beyond that. Even if you lead a healthy life and anticipate a long one, there will come a point - retirement - where you will no longer be working actively. During this phase, your regular income is likely to diminish. A comprehensive life insurance policy can help address these concerns. It is imperative for individuals and families to effectively manage present and future challenges and risks. With human progress, it becomes essential to be prepared for and adept at handling both natural and man-made disasters. As living standards improve, maintaining physical and financial security becomes paramount. People seek to mitigate the potential risks to life and property. Life is invaluable, and a life insurance policy helps bridge the financial gap that may arise from the sudden loss of the primary earner in a family. Therefore, having adequate life insurance coverage is crucial for individuals and their families. The concept of insurance emerged as a means to ensure financial security by addressing this gap. Insurance has evolved from merely compensating for loss of life or property to encompassing provisions for the future, education of children, and compensation for losses due to theft, fraud, robbery, natural disasters, and other emergencies. Today, insurance is not just a financial product but a fundamental necessity in modern life and commerce.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Life Insurance, IRDA, LIC, Growth of Insurance Sector, Government Initiative
Paper Title: HEART DISEASE PREDICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Author Name(s): Omkar Singh, Amit Pandey, Rishidev Mishra, Pooja Pandey
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403754
Register Paper ID - 253451
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403754 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 400101 , Mumbai , 400101 , | Research Area: Health Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403754 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403754 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403754.pdf
Title: HEART DISEASE PREDICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Health Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g356-g359
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 260
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Abstract: The death rate due to heart disease is one of the major global causes of increased mortality. Heart diseases are also called heart and blood vessel diseases. One of the main obstacles in clinical data analysis is to detect heart disease early. This underscores the need for effective early detection and prevention strategies these statistics continue to make cardiovascular disease (CVD) as one of the world's leading killer diseases such that its earlier detection and prevention interventions are warranted. The paper examines the use machine learning models in predicting heart disease by using support vector machines (SVM). In order to develop a model, a comprehensive dataset has been used which captures different attributes of patients including demographic information, lifestyle behaviours, and past medical history. SVMs are particularly suitable for large-scale datasets characterized by high dimensions; this approach allows identifying intricate patterns within sample sets without making any assumptions about how they may relate together or why such relationships exist between items found within your data array. Moreover, this study will critically assess and contrast ML algorithms with regards their sensitivity, specificity as well as overall accuracy. The results indicate that each algorithm exhibits distinct strengths in predicting heart disease, thereby providing valuable information to clinicians and healthcare professionals in applying strategies personalized risk assessment strategy. This research contributes to ongoing efforts to leverage ML for proactive and effective cardiovascular health management.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Keywords: Heart Disease, Cardiovascular disease(CVD), Support Vector Machines, Machine learning, Blood Pressure.
Paper Title: The Code On Wages 2019: A Reform Or An Illusion
Author Name(s): Dr Kasturi Gakul, Ms. Nikita Begum Talukdar
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403753
Register Paper ID - 253722
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403753 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 781036 , Guwahati, 781036 , | Research Area: Other area not in list Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403753 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403753 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403753.pdf
Title: THE CODE ON WAGES 2019: A REFORM OR AN ILLUSION
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Other area not in list
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g345-g355
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 371
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Labour law is the most vital legislation as it regulates the industrial relations in every legal system across the globe. India's labour laws are decades old and are said to suffer from rigidities and loopholes. Therefore, the reforms were the need of the hour for the changing scenarios in the industrial structure. Taking note of the same, Parliament recently has passed the Code on Wages 2019, which has repealed four central legislations: Minimum Wages Act 1948, Payment of Wages Act 1936, Equal Remuneration Act 1976 and Payment of Bonus Act 1965. The whole idea of codifying the laws was to bring reform and uniformity. Although the Code was passed with an objective to simplify the earlier laws and reduce complexities in various aspects, but it has reproduced the flaws that were existing in repealed legislations. The primary focus of the present paper is to discuss the significance of the Code on Wages 2019 and its impact on labour and industrial relations. The authors also aim to highlight the reforms brought by the Code, the issues and challenges in the Code and suggest some recommendations.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Labour law, Minimum wages, Equal remuneration, Bonus, Code on Wages
Paper Title: Analysis of characters and a brief study on Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
Author Name(s): Rama Rao Majji
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403752
Register Paper ID - 253606
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403752 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 532001 , Srikakulam , 532001 , | Research Area: Medical Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403752 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403752 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403752.pdf
Title: ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS AND A BRIEF STUDY ON JOSEPH CONRAD'S HEART OF DARKNESS
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Medical Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g340-g344
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 505
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Heart of darkness is a novella by polish British novelist Joseph Conrad which is between a novel and a short story in length and scope it has the genre as symbolism, colonial literature, adventure tale, frame story, almost a romance in its insistence on heroism and the supernatural and its preference for the symbolic over the realistic. Marlow,Kurtz, General Manager,Brick maker,Chief accountant, pilgrims,Cannibals,Russian trader,Helmsman,Kurtz's African mistress, Kurtz's intended,Aunt,the men aboard the Nellie are the characters involved in this novel. Marlow services as the protagonist of this novel. This novel shows economic freedom, social advancement,an escape from a life of being an employee. It seems that the darkness is infact internalised that it is part of some fundamental if ironic unsoundness. Kurtz dies uttering his last words -the hurror! Kurtz's wife asks what her fiance last words were, but Marlow can not bring himself to shatter illusions with the truth,instead , he tells her that Kurtz's last word was her name. This novel suggests that power inevitably corrupts. In this novel Marlow acts as a guide for the reader. The general manager, the Cannibals the pilgrims are accompanied Marlow on his journey up the river from a central station. The chief accountants' most notable character is his spotless white clothing
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Symbolism, supernatural, protagonist, internalised, unsoundness,wornout, inevitably,barbarian,conspiratorial
Paper Title: A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL GIRLS
Author Name(s): Dr.D. Raja Rajeswari
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403751
Register Paper ID - 253707
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403751 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 517502 , Tirupat, 517502 , | Research Area: Arts1 All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403751 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403751 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403751.pdf
Title: A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL GIRLS
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Arts1 All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g325-g339
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 278
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Abstract In the life of a female, the transition from childhood to adulthood occurs during the period of adolescence, which, according to the WHO, extends from 10 to 19 years of age. It starts with the onset of menarche, a milestone in a woman's life, and denotes the beginning of her reproductive capacity as a woman. During this phase, she observes a spurt of growth and development, due to which significant changes occur in her body. Adolescence is a social concept. The adolescent period is a very difficult time for young people. Adolescence, the second decade of life, is a period of rapid growth and development when young people acquire new capacities and are faced with many new situations that create not only opportunities for progress but also a risk to health and well-being. It is the time when growth is accelerated, major physical changes take place, and the differences between boys and girls are accentuated. The specific objectives of the study were to study the socio-economic profile of the respondents, assess the menstrual knowledge of adolescent girls, and examine the attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. The present investigation was carried out in the Tirupati urban area of the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. The sampling unit for the study was adolescent girls in the age group of 13 to 15 years. A total of 50 samples were selected for the study from Seven Hills High School. A simple random sampling procedure was followed in the selection of the respondents.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Keywords: - Knowledge, Attitude, Menstrual Hygiene
Paper Title: Multiple Eye Disease Detection Using Image Processing & Deep Learning Techniques
Author Name(s): Prapti Dubey, Omkar Singh
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403750
Register Paper ID - 253709
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403750 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 401107 , Mumbai, 401107 , | Research Area: Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403750 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403750 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403750.pdf
Title: MULTIPLE EYE DISEASE DETECTION USING IMAGE PROCESSING & DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g318-g324
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 306
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Human eyes can develop a variety of abnormalities as a result of age, injury, and illnesses including diabetes. The main causes of blindness in the globe are diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Early detection and diagnosis of various eye conditions is essential for prompt treatment and stop eyesight loss. This approach can be aided by the diagnosis of many eye diseases through the analysis of medical photographs. Using deep learning, a number of eye disorders may be detected. These include acquiring images, extracting features, classifying or detecting diseases, and extracting regions of interest. In this paper, we suggested a model to identify eye illnesses as uveitis, glaucoma, crossed eyes, bulging eyes, and cataracts using deep learning methods, ResNet and VGG16. We used to get a 92% accuracy rate with ResNet50 and 79% accuracy with the VGG16 model . We can improve accuracy and detection rate while saving doctors' time by automating the detection procedure. The suggested methodology can help with early detection and efficient treatment of eye problems by being included into the healthcare system.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
CNN(Convolutional neural network),Eye disease prediction, Deep Learning
Paper Title: Cosy Clothes for Nurse and Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy-Review
Author Name(s): Dr. ANISH SHARMILA M
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403749
Register Paper ID - 253586
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403749 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 603103 , chennai, 603103 , | Research Area: Health Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403749 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403749 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403749.pdf
Title: COSY CLOTHES FOR NURSE AND BREAST CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY-REVIEW
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Health Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g309-g317
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 318
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Chemotherapy is typically used in conjunction with surgery to treat cancer, particularly breast cancer, which is one of the most common cancers to affect women. The quality of life may be negatively impacted by radiation therapy due to a variety of side effects, including exhaustion, mucositis, and skin abnormalities. Personal protection equipment (PPE) is used by oncology nurses in the United States when handling and giving chemotherapy medications to cancer patients. The American Public Health Association (APHA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) all have uniform recommendations for PPE gowns that are intended to protect individuals from potentially hazardous spills. Made of lint-free, low-permeability fabric, such as fabrics coated with polyethylene, each disposable garment is one size fits all. Long sleeves, a solid front, and ribbed cuffs with a back closure are features of gowns. The patient's reaction to the nurse's presence is equally essential as the staff workers' safety when handing out medicines. In an outpatient environment, patients receive chemotherapy while dressed for the street. The whole picture can be frightening when the nurse arrives dressed in garish, noisy attire. In addition, nurses who were surveyed regarding their experiences expressed dissatisfaction with the clothes' temperature and discomfort. This review paper hypothesizes that the comfort and ease of both nurses and cancer patients might be greatly enhanced through attractive, user-friendly garments made of breathable, washable textiles with a technician-safe, patient-friendly standard, faculty-led designers created a design challenge with customizable sizes. Our study, which was designed to be descriptive in nature, examined the relationship between radiation therapy comfort and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Key Words: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Comfort, Garments.
Paper Title: Implementation Of Arithmetic Logic Unit Using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata
Author Name(s): KOLISETTI SAI ALEKHYA, BATTULA ROHITH S S S G SWAMY, VEMULA VENKATA SIVA SAI SOWMYA, SHAIK SARDHAR, CH GOWRI
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403748
Register Paper ID - 253661
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403748 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 534201 , Bhimavaram, 534201 , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403748 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403748 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403748.pdf
Title: IMPLEMENTATION OF ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT USING QUANTUM DOT CELLULAR AUTOMATA
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g298-g308
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 300
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
In the domain of digital computing, the quest for higher performance, energy efficiency, and miniaturization has driven the exploration of alternative technologies to overcome the limitations of traditional Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor(CMOS) technology. Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) has emerges as a promising candidate for revolutionizing the field of digital circuits, offering the potential to push the boundaries of speed and power efficiency. Arithmetic Logic Unit, also known as ALU, is responsible for carrying out logical and arithmetic operations based on the input operands. The proposed Arithmetic Logic Unit is fed input through layering, which results in reduced occupation area and cell count. It consists of half adder and NAND gate followed by two 2 x1 Multiplexer. The proposed design of a half adder and NAND gate (used for And operation) uses less space, less cells, and low energy dissipation than the existing design.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
QCA - Quantum Dot Cellular Automata, QCA Cell, QCA Designer, ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit
Paper Title: A SERVEY ON APPLICATION OF VEDIC MATHEMATION IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
Author Name(s): Ajay Kumar, Dr. Sushil Kumar Jamariar, Vijayendra Kumar, Santosh Singh
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2403747
Register Paper ID - 253700
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2403747 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 844119 , VAISHALI, 844119 , | Research Area: Mathematics All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2403747 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2403747 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2403747.pdf
Title: A SERVEY ON APPLICATION OF VEDIC MATHEMATION IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 12 | Issue: 3 | Year: March 2024
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Mathematics All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: g291-g297
Year: March 2024
Downloads: 292
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Vedic Mathematics is used by several researchers in the field of digital signal processing , chip designing, Discrete fourier Transform, High speed low power VLSI arithematic and algorithm , RSA encryption system. Veda is the store house of Knowledge. Hence Vedic Mathematics has a much ancient origin throgh attributed to the techniques rediscovered between 1911 & 1918 . Now a days interest in Vedic mathematics is growing in the field of computer science where researchers are looking for a new and better knowledge to the subject . Even for eign researcher's are said to be using this ancient technique for implementation of fast algorithms. In this paper we are going to overview of this ancient technique used as well as computer science. Whenever we many Vedic sutras are used in multipliers unit of computer science. It will gone very faster result which is required in cryptographs. Algorithm image processing application for example Ekadhiken purvena and Ekanyainen purvena, sutra use in i< -i+1 & i<-i-1 in software routinse.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Vedic Mathematics, Nikhilam Sutra , Urdhwa tiryabhyam, RSA algorithm , image processing , Dhavasankasutra, Parvartya Sutra

