Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The changing global scenario of the 21st century demands sustainable development as posed alarming concerns for the entire world. Increasing environmental concerns have raised disturbing issues to the whole planet. This makes the necessity to embrace renewable and clean energies sources. Nevertheless, to have sustainable growth, financing is necessary; hence Green Finance has become a matter of critical role that is not only in the environmental science but also in business to investigate possibilities to tackle its issues and to make an effort to green the banking system bond. Low carbon has become the central component of green finance, since it is a combination of the environment, financial industry and economic growth. Green Finance is primarily aimed at attracting investment in green projects, enhance the rate of returns on such investments and discourage the polluting investments. In the current research, an effort has been made to perform measurable broad-spectrum research on Green Finance. Real estate industry is a significant source of carbon emission, energy use, and depletion of resources and this is why it is a very critical focus area in ensuring that the objectives of climate mitigation and sustainable development of India are realized. Climate finance has been seen as an instrument to mobilize funding towards environmentally sustainable endeavours using tools like green bonds and ESG-linked lending, green credit systems and carbon finance systems. Nevertheless, climate finance performance towards changing the real estate industry will be subject to both the power and enforceability of the regulatory measures as well as the actual execution of sustainable lending by the financial institutions. This paper will look at how climate finance is organized in India with a particular reference to that in the real estate industry. It measures regulatory frameworks by the institutions like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the sustainability disclosure and ESG disclosure of the large Indian banks like SBI, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, YES Bank and PNB. The study uses a qualitative approach, which is the secondary data analysis, review of the policy, analysis of the bank reports and benchmarking against the frameworks such as the EU Sustainable Finance Taxonomy and the green financing programs in Singapore. The results show that even though India has developed the basics of climate finance rules, and banks have implemented ESG, the country has a lot to do in terms of sector implementation, standard taxonomy, concessional financing connection, and post-disbursement environmental tracking. The paper establishes the policy, institutional, as well as operational gaps that impede effective adoption of climate finance in real estate. It ends with a recommendation that can be taken to ensure the regulatory coherence, to improve the integration of climate risks at the bank level, and to make financial mechanisms more sustainable to speed up the shift towards climate resilient real estate development in India.

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 Keywords

Climate Finance, Green Finance, Real Estate Sector, Sustainable Development, ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance), Green Bonds, Sustainable Banking, Policy Implementation, Financial Institutions, Climate Risk

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 envisions a transformative approach to education, emphasizing the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to prepare learners for the demands of the 21st century. This paper explores the critical role of ICT tools in revolutionizing education by fostering accessibility, equity, and quality in teaching and learning processes. With the increasing digitalization of society, ICT tools have emerged as powerful enablers of innovative pedagogical practices, collaborative learning, and personalized education. The NEP 2020 underscores the potential of ICT in bridging gaps in education delivery, enhancing teacher capacity, and providing students with diverse and inclusive learning opportunities. This paper examines how ICT tools, such as digital classrooms, e-resources, virtual labs, and AI-driven applications, align with NEP 2020's objectives of skill development, critical thinking, and lifelong learning. It also highlights the policy's emphasis on teacher training for ICT adoption and the establishment of digital infrastructure in schools to ensure widespread implementation. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges of ICT integration, including the digital divide, lack of resources, and resistance to technological change, proposing strategies to overcome these barriers. It explores case studies and best practices from various educational institutions to showcase the successful implementation of ICT tools in accordance with NEP 2020. Ultimately, this paper advocates for a cohesive framework to embed ICT in curriculum design, assessment, and capacity building. By doing so, it demonstrates how ICT can transform education into a dynamic and inclusive system that nurtures 21st-century skills, empowers teachers, and equips students to thrive in a globalized, technology-driven world. The findings underscore the pivotal role of ICT in achieving the NEP 2020 vision of an equitable, flexible, and future-ready education system.

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 Keywords

Keywords : NEP 2020, 21st-century Education, Digital Transformation, Equitable Education, Innovative Pedagogy.

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 Abstract

The Water Dancer reimagines the history of American slavery through a narrative that foregrounds memory, mobility, and the persistent quest for freedom. This paper examines the novel through the lens of travel and spatial theory, arguing that mobility functions both as a mechanism of oppression and a pathway toward liberation. Enslavement in the novel is marked by enforced immobility--physical confinement, restricted movement, and the constant threat of displacement through the slave trade. At the same time, movement becomes a radical act of resistance. Through the protagonist Hiram Walker's journeys, the narrative explores how travel transforms from coerced mobility into purposeful movement toward freedom. Drawing on travel theory and spatial studies, the paper investigates how the novel reconfigures traditional notions of travel. Unlike voluntary journeys typically associated with exploration, the movement of enslaved bodies is structured by violence, surveillance, and economic control. Yet the narrative simultaneously constructs alternative routes of mobility through secret networks, collective resistance, and the supernatural practice of Conduction. The Underground Railroad emerges not merely as a historical escape route but as a symbolic geography of hope and solidarity. The paper argues that Coates situates mobility at the intersection of memory, identity, and liberation. By transforming travel into a site of struggle and transformation, the novel challenges dominant narratives of movement and freedom in American literature. Ultimately, the text redefines travel as a political and emotional journey that reconstructs both individual identity and collective historical memory.

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 Keywords

Mobility, Conduction, liberation, travel, Magic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agriculture forms the backbone of India's economy, with farmers serving as the primary providers of sustenance for the population. However, changing climatic conditions could impact their crops. This paper presents an Agricultural Web Assistance System developed using Python, Flask, and Machine Learning to provide smart solutions for farmers and retailers. The system allows farmers to register and share agricultural waste details, which are processed by the Gemini model to generate useful insights and automatically create posts visible to retailers. Retailers can then view and utilize these posts, creating a platform for effective resource management. The application integrates satellite view and realtime weather forecasting to support data-driven crop prediction, while soil fertility analysis further refines the recommendations. Additionally, the system predicts crop diseases and provides fertilizer recommendations to enhance productivity. With multilingual support and access to nearby NGOs, the platform ensures inclusivity and accessibility. This paper is a comprehensive digital platform designed to support farmers by providing crucial agricultural insights and services. By integrating technology into farming, this paper aims to reduce risks, increase productivity.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, Python, Agricultural Web Assistance, Gemini Model.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gender-based violence remains a major cause for concern, with the United Nations including the ending of discrimination and elimination of violence against all women and girls everywhere as one of its Sustainable Development Goals. In India, the government has implemented the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao programme with the same intent. This paper discusses relevant literature describing the response of the Haryana Government to crisis arising from gender-based violence. Main themes include the definition of crisis, government initiatives to prevent, and responses to crisis arising out of gender-based violence. Literature reviewed included research studies and papers, books, and newspaper articles. The content of this paper is original and is related to the topic of the author's doctoral thesis.

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 Keywords

gender-based violence, crisis communication, government communication, government crisis management, government public relations, public relations, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Smart libraries are seen as the next step in the evolutionary journey of information centers, where Artificial Intelligence (AI), automation technologies, and open access technologies are integrated to provide efficient, inclusive, and sustainable knowledge services. This study aims to examine the role of AI-based tools, automated technologies, and open access technologies in building sustainable smart libraries. The study is based on a user-centric approach, where 700 users (350 male and 350 female) between the ages of 18 and 35 years are chosen for the study, representing active digital age users. The study aims to examine user awareness and usage of AI-based tools, automated technologies, and open access technologies in libraries. The study found that AI-based tools are effective in providing efficient services, automated technologies are effective in increasing efficiency, and open access technologies are effective in providing inclusive services. The study concluded that AI, automation technologies, and open access technologies are essential in building sustainable smart libraries.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Smart Libraries, Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Open Access, Sustainability, Digital Libraries

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

An essential part of any construction work, set out refers to the process of ensuring that components of a project are built to the correct tolerances to ensure structural integrity, exactness and quality. This often entails time-consuming work using measuring tapes, chalk lines and even total stations. How- ever, using human or animal-powered methods for set out in the construction industry is unreliable, as even the smallest margins of error are exacerbated by repetition, leading to potential rework and even project delays. In this study, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Automated Setout Robot (ASR) was fabricated to alleviate tedious, unreliable set out work processes and to improve the precision, reliability and productivity of on-site layout work. The IoT-based ASR uses an ESP32 mainboard equipped with communication functions such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS to obtain the set out points from the cloud, and, subsequently, works the pre-defined path to facilitate autonomous working. By adopting odometry and a path-planning algorithm for control, the ASR helps to ensure the ASR to ensure accuracy and reliability throughout the process. Based on the concept of enhancing on-site construction productivity by employing automation technologies in line with the smart construction framework of Industry 4.0, a working ASR was developed and tested under simulated set out working conditions. The experimental testing proved that the ASR was able to improve the work accuracy and reliability and to shorten the time for on-site set out works, while compared with the current existing manual approach, the proposed ASR obviously achieves the advantages of the reduction of the amount of on-site work as well as increased productivity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Index Terms: autonomous mobile robot; construction site layout; IoT-enabled robotics; cloud-assisted control; embedded systems; motor control; smart construction; Industry 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study was conducted in 2021 across five villages in the Rajaborari estate, involving 80 farmers' fields, to analyze the soil's physico-chemical properties. A total of 80 soil samples were collected from five villages: Rajaborari, Mara Podal, Mogra Dhana, Gorakhal, and Budhu Dhana. The physical properties of the soil, including texture, porosity, and permeability, were assessed using laboratory experiments and manual testing methods. The results indicated a predominance of clay, classifying the soil as silty-clay with low porosity and permeability, making it well-suited for paddy cultivation.Chemical properties such as soil pH, organic matter content, electrical conductivity (EC), and soil nutrients (nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, and manganese) were determined using standard methods. The soil was found to be neutral to slightly acidic (pH 6.6-6.9) with low to medium organic carbon content (0.75-0.90%) and EC ranging from 0.29 dS m-1 to 0.45 dS m-1. Post-crop production analysis showed low to moderate concentrations of key nutrients like nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, influenced by agricultural practices and fertilizer application. Micronutrient analysis revealed varying levels of sulphur (12.17-34.0 ppm), iron (15.40-17.41 ppm), copper (3.25-4.20 ppm), zinc (1.22-2.32 ppm), and manganese (8.25-20.33 ppm). The study highlights the importance of regular soil testing and targeted fertilization to maintain optimal soil health and enhance crop productivity in agricultural areas

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Soil pH, Organic Matter, Electrical Conductivity, Micronutrient, Rajaborari

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores how literary portrayals of artificial intelligence question what it means to be human by focusing on personhood, moral responsibility, physical presence, and emotional connection. Through a comparative reading of Isaac Asimov's I, Robot (1950) and Ian McEwan's Machines Like Me (2019), the study places both texts within posthumanist thought and argues that they challenge human-centred ideas of ethical authority and moral superiority. I draw on posthumanist work by Donna Haraway, Rosi Braidotti, N. Katherine Hayles, Cary Wolfe, along with AI ethics research by scholars such as David Gunkel, Joanna Bryson, Sherry Turkle, and Kate Crawford, the paper treats artificial intelligence not as a neutral tool, but as a relational and emotionally charged presence.

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After the Human: AI Personhood, Agency, and Emotional Entanglement in Machines Like Me and I, Robot

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study investigates how digital platforms enable market access for sustainable rural startups, a critical factor in bridging the urban-rural economic divide. The primary objectives are to identify the types of platforms utilized, analyse the mechanisms through which they create market linkages, and evaluate the specific challenges these green ventures face online. Employing a mixed-methods methodology, the research combines a survey of 150 rural entrepreneurs across multiple sectors with in-depth case study analysis of 10 purposefully selected startups. Key findings reveal that e-commerce and social media platforms effectively bypass traditional geographic barriers, allowing for direct consumer engagement and premium pricing for sustainable value propositions. However, significant impediments persist, including high digital marketing costs, logistical complexities for eco-friendly packaging, and difficulty in communicating nuanced sustainability narratives. The study concludes that while digital platforms are powerful "bridges" for market reach, their effectiveness depends on targeted support in digital literacy, green logistics, and impact storytelling. These implications are vital for policymakers, ecosystem builders, and entrepreneurs aiming to leverage the digital economy for equitable and sustainable rural development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

digital platforms, rural entrepreneurship, sustainable startups, market access, digital inclusion, e-commerce

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition