Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Women's safety is a critical concern in today's world, necessitating advanced security solutions that ensure rapid emergency response. This paper presents a Smart Security System using Raspberry Pi, integrating GPS, GSM, a camera, a microphone, a panic button, a buzzer, and a shock circuit to enhance personal security. Upon activation via the panic button, the system sends an SOS alert with the victim's real-time GPS location to pre-registered contacts. Simultaneously, it captures images and records audio, providing immediate evidence through Telegram integration. The system also includes a self-defense shock circuit and a loud buzzer to deter attackers and alert nearby people. Designed as a compact, wearable device, it operates efficiently with low power consumption and cloud-based data storage. The proposed solution aims to provide quick emergency assistance, real-time monitoring, and automated evidence collection, making it a practical and scalable safety system for women. Future enhancements may include AI-based threat detection and voice activated alerts for improved security. To overcome these limitations, IoT-based smart security systems have emerged as a more efficient and automated solution for personal safety [4]. This paper proposes a wearable, real-time security system using Raspberry Pi, integrating a GPS module, GSM module, camera, microphone, panic button, and self defense mechanisms to ensure quick response during emergencies. When the panic button is activated, the system immediately: 1. Sends an SOS alert with real-time GPS location to pre registered contacts. 2. Captures images and records audio, transmitting them via Telegram API for evidence collection. 3. Activates a buzzer and shock circuit to deter attackers and alert nearby individuals. Unlike mobile applications, which require manual intervention, this system works independently and can be easily integrated into wearable devices. The use of IoT and real-time data transmission ensures that emergency alerts reach authorities or guardians within seconds [5].

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Women safety, Raspberry Pi, IoT, Emergency , Alert System, Smart Security.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This present research paper " A Study On The Role Of Village Schools In Rural Development Of Sambalpur District Of Odisha" explores the multifaceted roles through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and diverse rural contexts. The sampling method include systematic random sampling and empirical data were gathered through surveys, interviews and analysing organizational records. This is a qualitative research. By highlighting the indispensable nexus between village schools and rural development, this paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the transformative potential of education in shaping the future of rural communities. The result indicates that rural schools are truly appreciated as the agency for imparting formal education as well as developing moral values, problem solving abilities as per rural context and emotional health of learners. The village schools are effectively working for rural development. Infrastructural facilities are available. The stakeholders involved in village schools are working significantly and contributing towards rural communities development. Village schools are focal in rural development and impart education that fosters literacy, skills and awareness. They empower communities and promote social mobility. It helps in driving sustainable growth by nurturing future leaders and informed citizens.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

comprehensive analysis, imperial data, qualitative research, rural development, village schools, transformive potential, formal education, moral values, emotional values, literacy and awareness, sustainable growth.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Introduction: Istifragh (Elimination) is a crucial component of "Asbab Sitta Zarooriyya" (six key components), whose equilibrium is said to be essential for maintaining the health of individuals as per Unani medicine's principle. Health is maintained as long as six essential factors are in balance otherwise it requires moderation and adjustment. There are several means of Istifragh that occur regularly in the body, referred to as Istifragh Tabai'i (physiological elimination), including Bawl (urine), Baraz (stool), Arq (Sweat), breast milk, postpartum discharge, semen, Raal (saliva), and menstrual blood. An excessive increase in the amount of Istifragh may result in several diseases. Ishal (purgation) is an elimination technique employed to expel various toxic and undesirable substances from the intestines via the anal orifice. Methods: Existing literatures surveyed to collect useful and valuable information regarding the concept of Istifragh Ghayr Tabi'i (IGT) and its effect on the body. Classical Unani texts, previous dissertations, and published research have been examined. Multiple search engines, including Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library, were also utilized. Result: The concept and idea of IGT, dispersed throughout Unani literature, have been methodically compiled. Disease resulting from IGT and various regimens such as Ishal, Qay, Fasd, Irsale alq, Idrare Bawl, Jima, Kasrate Tamth, Ehtelam, and Tari'q have been described as useful in managing IGT. Conclusion: The compiled literature systematically provides clear insights and comprehension of IGT; further particular study on the causes, mechanisms, and preventive approaches for managing IGT can be conducted to validate these findings.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Unani Medicine; Ishal; Fasd (Venesection); Purgation; Menorrhagia;Six Essential Factors.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research article explores the evolving contours of postcolonial identity in India and Africa through a comparative reading of Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children (1981) and Chinua Achebe's No Longer at Ease (1960). Supported by secondary texts--Rushdie's Courter, Achebe's Chike's School Days, Raja Rao's Kanthapura (1938), and Nadine Gordimer's My Son's Story (1990)--the analysis illuminates themes of cultural fragmentation, linguistic hybridity, and the sociopolitical aftermath of colonial rule. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from Homi K. Bhabha (2012), Frantz Fanon (2013), Edward Said (2003), and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (2010), among others, the article demonstrates how each author articulates complex "visages" of the postcolonial nation. Two comparative tables clarify points of convergence and divergence between Indian and Nigerian contexts, underscoring how colonial legacies shape identities within these nations. Ultimately, the study contends that while India and Nigeria possess distinct historical trajectories, their postcolonial literatures converge in depicting struggles for cultural self-definition, ethical leadership, and the reconciliation of past and present.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Postcolonial Visages In India and Africa: A Study on Rushdie And Achebe.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) is a widely consumed fruit known for its rich profile of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, carotenoids, and phenolic acids. These phytochemicals are increasingly recognized for their potential neuroprotective and mood-enhancing properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of Lycopersicon esculentum extract in Swiss albino mice and to explore its influence on oxidative stress biomarkers along with biochemical and behavioural influences. Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into groups and treated with Lycopersicon esculentum extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg (orally). Standard antidepressant imipramine was used as a positive control, and a vehicle-treated group served as the negative control. Phytochemical assessments were conducted to detect the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and phenols. Behavioral evaluations were carried out using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST), validated models for antidepressant-like activity. Biochemical markers of oxidative stress, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase, were also measured. Results: The Lycopersicon esculentum extract demonstrated significant antidepressant-like activity in both FST and TST models, with dose-dependent reductions in immobility time compared to the negative control. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenols. Biochemical assessments revealed that the extract significantly reduced MDA levels while enhancing SOD and catalase activity, indicating reduced oxidative stress.Lycopersicon esculentum extract exhibited promising antidepressant-like effects in Swiss albino mice, likely mediated by its phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. These findings support the therapeutic potential of Lycopersicon esculentum in managing depressive disorders and oxidative stress-related conditions

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Antidepressant, Lycoperiscon esculentum, Swiss albino,Oxidative stress, Biochemical, Bheavioral

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the era of big data and rapidly evolving digital applications, database management systems (DBMS) play a crucial role in handling, storing, and retrieving data efficiently. Traditional relational databases (SQL) and modern non-relational databases (NoSQL) offer distinct architectures, performance characteristics, and use cases. This paper provides a comparative analysis of SQL and NoSQL databases, focusing on their architectural differences, performance metrics, and suitability for various applications. SQL databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Microsoft SQL Server, follow a structured schema-based model, utilizing ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties to ensure data integrity. These databases are well-suited for applications requiring structured data, complex queries, and transactional consistency, such as financial systems and enterprise applications. Their tabular format and standardized query language (SQL) make them reliable for data consistency but may pose scalability challenges when handling massive datasets. On the other hand, NoSQL databases, including MongoDB, Cassandra, and Redis, embrace a schema-less, horizontally scalable architecture designed for handling unstructured or semi-structured data. NoSQL databases support various models such as document-based, key-value, column-family, and graph databases, making them ideal for high-speed, distributed applications, real-time analytics, and large-scale web services. They typically follow BASE (Basically Available, Soft state, eventually consistent) principles, prioritizing availability and scalability over strict consistency. Performance evaluation of SQL and NoSQL databases depends on factors such as data structure, read/write operations, and query complexity. While SQL databases excel in structured transactions with relational integrity, NoSQL databases outperform in distributed, high-volume applications with dynamic and flexible data models. The choice between SQL and NoSQL databases depends on specific application requirements, data consistency needs, and scalability considerations. This comparative study highlights the strengths and limitations of both database types, offering insights into selecting the right database technology based on use-case scenarios. As businesses and developers navigate the evolving data landscape, understanding the trade-offs between SQL and NoSQL databases is crucial for making informed decisions that optimize performance, scalability, and reliability.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

SQL databases, NoSQL databases, database architecture, performance evaluation, ACID properties, CAP theorem, scalability, distributed systems, data consistency, BASE model, query optimization, cloud databases, benchmarking methodologies, data management systems, hybrid databases (NewSQL).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nanotechnology, derived from the Greek "nano" meaning "dwarf," focuses on manipulating materials at the atomic and molecular scale (1-100 nanometers). First proposed by physicist Richard Feynman in 1959, it now plays a key role across industries. In healthcare, nanotechnology, especially through nanorobots--tiny devices measured in nanometers-- holds immense potential for diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. These nanorobots offer precise, minimally invasive medical interventions like targeted drug delivery and tissue repair, promising breakthroughs in treating conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanotechnology, Nanorobots, Nanoscale, Targeted drug delivery, Nanomedicine, Nanoparticles.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Indian electric vehicle (EV) market has seen remarkable growth due to environmental concerns, government incentives, and advancements in battery technology. Tata Motors has become a key leader in this sector with its affordable models like the Tata Nexon EV, Tigor EV, and Tiago EV. This research paper examines the factors behind Tata's success, including supportive government policies and technological progress, while also identifying challenges such as limited charging infrastructure and competition. The study analyses Tata Motors' strategies to address these issues through investments in battery technology and expanding charging networks. Additionally, it explores the future prospects for Tata EVs in the context of evolving consumer preferences and India's ambition for net-zero emissions. The paper concludes with insights on the opportunities for Tata EVs and their impact on India's shift towards sustainable transportation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

EV, Descriptive Stats, ANOVA, Forecasting

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social entrepreneurship in India is emerging as a transformative force, merging innovative business strategies with a commitment to social welfare. This paper explores the dynamic growth of social enterprises, emphasizing their ability to create sustainable, scalable solutions to pressing challenges in education, healthcare, unemployment, and rural development. The study highlights the critical role of impact investing, supportive government policies, and rapid technological advancements in propelling this movement. By shifting from traditional non-profit models to viable for-profit ventures, social entrepreneurs not only generate economic growth but also foster inclusive development in communities. Despite significant progress, these enterprises face challenges including access to finance and market entry barriers. This analysis examines both the opportunities and obstacles within India's evolving ecosystem, illustrating how strategic collaborations and innovative approaches are reshaping the national economy. Ultimately, the paper underscores social entrepreneurship as a key driver for building a more equitable and prosperous future for India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Entrepreneurship, Social Change, Education, Healthcare, Unemployment.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a crucial mechanism for fostering sustainable development, with corporations increasingly channeling funds into nonprofit organizations to support social causes. This research explores the role of CSR in nonprofit fundraising, focusing on Kallpoosh Foundation, a registered Section 8 non-profit organization in India. The study examines how CSR partnerships contribute to the foundation's diverse initiatives, including senior citizen care, disability rehabilitation, rural development, women empowerment, and environmental sustainability. The research follows a qualitative case study approach, utilizing secondary data analysis, and a review of CSR policies of companies engaged in social impact programs. Official reports, CSR disclosures, and nonprofit fundraising trends are analyzed to assess the effectiveness of corporate funding in sustaining Kallpoosh Foundation's projects. Findings indicate that CSR-driven collaborations significantly enhance nonprofit sustainability, ensuring steady funding, resource allocation, and program expansion. However, challenges such as strict regulatory requirements, limited corporate engagement, and competition for CSR funds pose barriers. The study highlights best practices for NGOs to strengthen CSR partnerships, including strategic outreach, impact assessment, and transparent reporting. By providing insights into how CSR fuels social impact, this research aims to guide nonprofits and corporate entities in fostering mutually beneficial partnerships that drive meaningful change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ,Senior Citizen Welfare , Elderly Care in Rural Areas

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition