Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Five traditional medicinal plants--Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Chirayata (Swertia Chirata), and Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza glabra) have their ethnobotanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties investigated in this work. An ethnobotanical study indicates that they are extensively utilized in traditional medicine to alleviate digestive problems, infections, inflammation, and tiredness and have great cultural value. Significant bioactive elements like terpenoids, phenolics, and glycosides--which support the therapeutic effects--are found in the phytochemical analysis. With great results for treating a range of health conditions, the pharmacological testing showed strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial qualities. Toxicological studies show that these plants are generally safe when used because no significant adverse effects become noticeable at the examined dosage levels. Natural plants demonstrate essential roles in modern medical practice while providing a foundation for additional development of plant-based treatment methods.

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 Keywords

Ethnobotany, Phytochemicals, Pharmacological properties, Toxicology, Traditional medicine, Ginger, Turmeric, Black Pepper, Chirayata, Mulethi.

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Abstract: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a critical pollutant with far-reaching impacts on human health, climate, and environmental quality. This study focuses on two primary objectives: source identification and characterization, and health impact assessment. Utilizing advanced source apportionment techniques and chemical characterization methods, the research identifies and quantifies the contributions of key PM2.5 sources, such as vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and natural events like wildfires and dust storms. Accurate source profiling is essential for formulating targeted mitigation strategies tailored to regional and local conditions. The findings provide a scientific basis for evidence-based policymaking, emphasizing cleaner transportation systems, stricter industrial emission controls, and sustainable land-use practices.

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Keywords : PM2.5, Source Profiling, SOAs, Chemical Characterization, Air Pollution, Public Health

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Personal hygiene now part of primary health prevention, this has been found to be effective by reducing morbidity and mortality in children. Increase burden of communicable diseases among school children because of poor personal hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions remains a concern on the public health agenda. School children are vulnerable to neglect of basic personal hygiene due to lack of knowledge. Poor knowledge practices on of an attitude to personal hygiene such as hand washing play major role in high incidence of communicable disease and therefore has negative consequence for a children long term overall development. Aim of study: To promote personal hygiene among private school children. Research approach in this study quantitative research approach was applied. Research design: In the present study was pre-experimental design was used. Sample size: The sample size was 60 students (6-10thclass) of private school students. Result: The overall post-test knowledge score among private school students revealed that majority of excellent knowledge (23%), were in good knowledge (50%) and (27%)were average.

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Key words: Private school children, personal hygiene, level of knowledge

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Concrete is the most widely used construction material due to its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. With advancements in material science, special concretes have been developed to meet specific structural and environmental needs. This review paper presents a comparative analysis of conventional concrete and special concretes, including high-performance concrete (HPC), self-compacting concrete (SCC), fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), geopolymer concrete (GPC), and others. The study focuses on mechanical properties, durability, sustainability, and economic considerations. The findings suggest that while conventional concrete remains dominant in general construction, special concretes offer significant advantages in terms of performance, sustainability, and specific applications.

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Conventional concrete, Special Concrete, Durability, Sustainability

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This study investigates the granulometric characteristics and sediment transport processes at Kondura and Wayangani Beaches along the Sindhudurg coast, Maharashtra, India. A total of 62 sediment samples were collected during the southwest monsoon in 2023. The grain size distribution, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis were analysed using GRADISTAT software. Kondura Beach exhibited poorly sorted sediments with mean grain sizes ranging from 1.03? (fine sand) to 1.92? (coarse sand), and skewness values between -0.384 and 0.139, indicating a prevalence of coarse particles and high-energy depositional events, such as monsoons and storms. In contrast, Wayangani Beach showed better sorting, with mean grain sizes ranging from 1.19? to 1.92?, and skewness values between -0.246 and 0.203, suggesting more stable, wave-driven sedimentation processes. The study highlighted that Kondura Beach's sediment composition is influenced by episodic high-energy events, while Wayangani Beach experiences consistent wave action leading to moderate sorting and more balanced sediment distribution. These results provide valuable insights into the hydrodynamic forces at play and the impact of local environmental factors on sediment dynamics. The findings have implications for coastal management, particularly in understanding beach erosion, sediment transport, and the effects of climate variability on coastal systems.

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Granulometric, Grain-size, GRADISTAT, Sediment transport, Beach sediment

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This paper explores the concept of ethical marketing through the lens of Dharma, a principle rooted in ancient Indian spiritual wisdom that emphasizes moral responsibility and ethical conduct. Ethical marketing involves business strategies that prioritize values such as transparency, honesty, fairness, social, and environmental responsibility, establishing trust and long-term relationships with all the stakeholders including consumers. By integrating Dharma in its business practices, companies not only voluntarily commit to ethical standards but also cultivate a deeper sense of purpose, balancing profit-making with the well-being of the larger ecosystem, society and the environment. The rise of conscious consumerism and ESG (Economic, Social, governance) further elevates the importance of ethical practices, as modern consumers, stakeholders increasingly prefer brands that reflect their ethical and spiritual values. This paper elaborates how Dharmic principles can guide planning marketing strategies and resolve ethical dilemmas often faced by businesses and achieve sustainability, enhance brand loyalty, and promote a more equitable and compassionate economic system. Ultimately, it argues that aligning business operations with ethical and Dharmic values is not just beneficial for society but also crucial for long-term business success and market differentiation.

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Ethical Marketing, Dharma, Ethical Principles, Conscious Consumerism, Transparency, Honesty, Fair practices, Social Responsibility, Sustainability, Moral Values, Spiritual Wisdom, Consumer Trust, Stakeholder Engagement, Holistic Business Practices, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Environmental Social Governance (ESG), Brand Loyalty, Market Differentiation.

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Infertility is the problem of global proportions, affecting on average 8-12% of couples worldwide Annual incidence of male infertility is at least 2 million Cases (based on NWHIC). Recent studies have indicated that the prevalence of Oligospermia is extremely high in metropolis as well as in smaller towns of India. Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected cotitus. Male infertility is considerable less complicated than female infertility but can account for 30-40% of infertility Except some physical defect. Low sperm count (Acc. to WHO criteria <15mill/ml) it's called Oligospermia and poor sperm quality are responsible for male infertility is more than 90% of cases. Out of these in about 30% to 40% the cause is unexplained and in the rest of the cases critical illness, malnutrition, genetic abnormalities, side effect of some medicines, hormones and chemicals play the major role. The term Oligospermia may be correlated with ksheena shukra. Acharya Sushruta has included ksheena shukra under 8 varieties of shukra dushti. Here vata and pitta undergo vitiation and does disturbance in the normal qualities of the shukra dhatu. Hence the main line of treatment for Oligospermia is Upachya & Janana of shukra dhatu. The shukrala dravyas, which have properties like madhura, snighda, guru should be administered". Therefore to explore this research area an attempt is made to study the effect of Guduchi-shalmalyadi yoga over Shatavaryadi churna in the management of ksheena shukra.

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Ksheena shukra, Guduchi- Shalmalyadi yoga, Shatavaryadi churna, Oligospermia.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ocean Wave Height Forecasting, Machine Learning for Oceanic Engineering, Hybrid Time Series Forecasting for Marine Applications, Deep Learning in Ocean Dynamics Prediction, SARIMA-GARCH for Coastal and Offshore Forecasting, Prophet-Random Forest Hybrid Model for Maritime Safety, Hyperparameter Optimization in AI-Based Ocean Models.

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Recent advances have rekindled interest in the immunomodulatory potential of botanical compounds, bridging traditional herbal insights with modern immunological science. This review explores the diverse array of plant-derived immunomodulators--from well-characterized phytochemicals like flavonoids, terpenes, and polysaccharides to the emerging frontier of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs)--and their capabilities to fine-tune immune responses. By synthesizing evidence from in vitro assays, animal studies, and clinical evaluations, we dissect the cellular pathways and receptor interactions (e.g., NF-?B, MAPK, STAT, and toll-like receptors) that underlie the immunomodulatory actions of these botanicals. In doing so, the review highlights not only the therapeutic promise of nature's pharmacy in managing inflammatory and autoimmune conditions but also the challenges associated with standardization, dosage variability, and translational application. Ultimately, this comprehensive evaluation aims to inspire interdisciplinary collaboration and pave the way for innovative natural immunotherapies that harness the intrinsic healing power of plants.

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Immunomodulator, phytochemicals, autoimmune, healing power

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

SURENDRA VERMA KE NATKON ME RANGMANCHIYTA

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SURENDRA VERMA KE NATKON ME RANGMANCHIYTA

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