Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Ocean pollution has become a serious environmental issue that threatens marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Traditional monitoring approaches, such as ship-based surveys and manual interpretation of satellite imagery, are costly, time-consuming, and limited in spatial coverage. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents an automated ocean pollution detection system using satellite imagery analysis and deep learning-based computer vision techniques. The proposed framework utilizes the You Only Look Once (YOLO) object detection model to identify and localize major surface-level pollutants, including oil spills, harmful algal blooms, and floating plastic waste. Prior to detection, satellite images are pre-processed using OpenCV to enhance image quality and ensure compatibility with the detection model. The trained YOLO model is integrated into a Flask-based web application that enables users to upload satellite images and visualize detection results in real time. The system highlights polluted regions using bounding boxes and provides confidence scores for each detection. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves reliable detection performance with fast inference speed, making it suitable for practical environmental monitoring applications. The modular architecture of the system supports scalability and cloud deployment for large-scale ocean surveillance. The results indicate that combining satellite remote sensing with deep learning offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for automated marine pollution monitoring.

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 Keywords

Ocean Pollution Detection, Satellite Imagery, Computer Vision, YOLO, Deep Learning, Remote Sensing, Environmental Monitoring.

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 Abstract

Modern digital ecosystems demand software systems that sustain high performance, reliability, and maintainability as user bases and data volumes grow exponentially. This paper investigates the design and development of a scalable software solution capable of adapting to evolving workloads without compromising service quality. The study synthesizes established architectural principles, distributed-systems theory, and contemporary engineering practices to propose an integrated five-layer framework spanning presentation, application logic, data management, infrastructure, and observability. A mixed-methods research design combines systematic literature analysis with prototype-based experimentation on a cloud-hosted microservices platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves near-linear horizontal scalability up to thirty-two nodes, with a mean response-time increase of less than twelve percent across a tenfold traffic surge. Key findings affirm that scalability is an emergent property arising from coherent architectural decisions, polyglot data persistence, automated infrastructure provisioning, and robust observability pipelines rather than any single technology choice. The paper concludes with practical engineering guidelines and directions for future research in autonomous, self-healing scalable architectures.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

scalable architecture, microservices, distributed systems, cloud computing, Kubernetes, horizontal scaling, fault tolerance, DevOps, CI/CD, container orchestration, event-driven architecture, polyglot persistence, API gateway, observability, autoscaling, performance engineering, CAP theorem, system reliability, load balancing, resilience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Literature, in both its poetic and dramatic forms, constitutes one of the most prominent cultural tools in shaping societal consciousness and guiding it towards the values of civilization and progress, particularly during periods of transformation and crisis. This research examines and analyses the role played by British literary production in the post-World War II and post-colonial eras in shaping the intellectual and social structure of British society. This is achieved through a critical reading of several poetic and dramatic works that reflected profound transformations in identity, belonging, power, and social justice. The research focuses on how poetry contributed to framing collective consciousness in relation to crises and human experiences, while theatre contributed to exposing oppressive structures and questioning cultural and political systems. The research adopts an analytical-cultural approach that connects literary texts to their historical and social contexts. It seeks to demonstrate how British literature, through its aesthetic and intellectual tools, contributed to supporting the path of civilizational transformation and establishing a humanistic and resistant discourse based on the values of dialogue, accountability, and renewal. This study confirms that literature is not merely a mirror of reality, but a key player in reshaping it.

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 Keywords

British literature, cultural transformation, British poetry, British theatre, post-crisis, cultural consciousness

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 Abstract

This research project presents the design and implementation of a smoke detection system utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) technology to mitigate the risks of fire accidents, which often lead to significant property loss and fatalities. The primary objective is to develop an interconnected safety system that can identify smoke and hazardous gases without human intervention. The system's methodology centers on a prototype developed within the Tinkercad simulation environment. The core hardware consists of an Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller and an MQ-2 metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor. The MQ-2 sensor is chosen for its ability to detect flammable gas concentrations between 300 and 10,000 ppm, including smoke, LPG, propylene, and hydrogen. Additional components include a piezo buzzer for audible alerts, red and green LEDs for visual status indicators, and an LCD screen for real-time messaging. The system functions by monitoring voltage fluctuations from the MQ-2 sensor, which are proportional to smoke concentrations in the environment. Through an if-else control loop, the system compares live sensor data against a predefined threshold of 400. Results from testing demonstrate that when smoke levels exceed this threshold, the system successfully triggers a red LED and a continuous buzzing alarm, while maintaining a green LED status during safe conditions. The proposed system offers a portable and efficient solution for early fire detection, with future work recommended to improve sensitivity for low-energy flames and further minimize false alarms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IoT, Smoke Detection, Arduino UNO, MQ-2 Sensor, Fire Safety, Embedded Systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Floral waste generated from temples, religious activities, weddings, and social functions forms a considerable portion of biodegradable waste in India. Due to cultural and religious beliefs, flowers offered during rituals are often disposed of in rivers, ponds, or open areas rather than through organized waste management systems. Such practices contribute to environmental problems including water pollution, foul odour, soil contamination, and emission of greenhouse gases during decomposition. Although floral waste is biodegradable, its slow degradation rate and improper handling make it an environmental concern. At the same time, discarded flowers contain valuable natural components such as pigments, organic matter, and aromatic compounds, which remain largely underutilized.The present study focuses on the utilization of floral waste for the preparation of eco-friendly value-added products, supporting the concept of a circular economy. Floral waste was collected from nearby temples, manually segregated, and processed using simple, low-cost, and environmentally safe methods. Various products such as natural pigments, Holi colours, herbal lip balm, incense (dhoop), cloth tags, seeded paper, handmade paper, diary, and compost were prepared from discarded flowers. The prepared products were qualitatively evaluated based on colour, texture, fragrance, and usability. The findings indicate that floral waste can be effectively reused as a useful bio-resource instead of being treated as waste. This approach not only reduces environmental pollution but also promotes resource recovery, waste minimization, and sustainable waste management practices. The study highlights the potential of small-scale floral waste utilization as a practical step towards circular economy and environmental sustainability.

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 Keywords

Floral waste Value-added products Circular economy Sustainable waste management Eco-friendly materials Resource recovery

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Proper evaluation of pulp vitality is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective endodontic treatment planning. Dental students and interns must have sufficient knowledge and awareness of pulp vitality testing methods to ensure appropriate clinical decisions. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and awareness related to pulp vitality tests among dental students and interns. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 262 dental students and interns, including third-year students, final-year students, and interns. A structured questionnaire consisting of demographic information and 15 multiple-choice questions was used to assess knowledge of pulp vitality tests. Each correct response was given a score of 1, and incorrect responses were scored as 0, with a maximum possible score of 15. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was applied to compare knowledge scores among the three groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall findings indicated moderate to good knowledge among participants. Final-year students showed slightly higher average knowledge scores compared to third-year students and interns. However, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (F = 1.71, p = 0.183). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that dental students and interns possess an acceptable level of knowledge regarding pulp vitality tests, with no significant variation among the academic groups. Continued clinical training and educational programs are recommended to improve awareness and practical skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pulp vitality test, Dental students, Interns, Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Second-generation immigrant literature increasingly portrays identity not as an automatic inheritance but as something produced through continual negotiation between memory, culture, and everyday experience. This study investigates hybrid identity in On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous by Ocean Vuong and White Teeth by Zadie Smith, focusing on how migrants' children shape their sense of self within spaces shaped both by family histories and contemporary national life. Whereas first-generation narratives usually emphasize movement and adaptation, second-generation works address inherited displacement -- a condition in which people feel cultural tension despite being born in the receiving society. Identity therefore develops not from migration itself but from its psychological and cultural consequences.

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 Keywords

Second-generation immigrant literature increasingly portrays identity not as an automatic inheritance but as something produced through continual negotiation between memory, culture, and everyday experience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social media platforms generate massive volumes of data every second, making it difficult for individuals and organizations to manually analyze public opinion and engagement trends. Twitter (X), being one of the most influential microblogging platforms, plays a major role in shaping public sentiment, brand perception, and digital communication. This project presents an AI-Driven Twitter Analytics Dashboard built using Python, Streamlit, Plotly, and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. The system analyzes Twitter posts and provides real-time insights into user engagement and public sentiment. It processes tweet data and extracts key performance metrics such as likes, retweets, replies, views, and engagement rate. Using TextBlob sentiment analysis, the application automatically classifies tweets into positive, neutral, and negative categories. The dashboard visualizes results through interactive graphs including sentiment distribution, engagement histograms, and performance comparison charts. The platform also supports data export in CSV and Excel formats, enabling further offline analysis. This project demonstrates how artificial intelligence and data visualization can be combined to create an intelligent, user-friendly analytics tool for social media monitoring, brand tracking, and trend analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI-Driven Analytics, Twitter Analytics Dashboard, Sentiment Analysis, Natural Language Processing, Data Visualization, User Engagement Metrics, Social Media Monitoring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The provision of basic amenities is a key resource to rural development with an impact on not only material life conditions but also in other larger socioeconomic and spatial transformation processes. The current research questions how the rural change in Banda District was determined by the primary facilities such as drinking water, sanitation, electricity, education, healthcare, and transport. The district is located on the semi-arid Bundelkhand area and is marked by the ecological strain, agrarian reliance and preexisting infrastructural imbalances, which makes it a salient area regarding developing effects of the implementation of basic services. Using a critical geographical approach, the paper will focus on the issue of spatial-religion of amenities in the countryside settlement and its implication to the livelihoods, social processes and pattern of settlements. It is also found that expansion of rural livelihoods has been pooled over time by improvements in basic amenities, heightened mobility and quantifiable growths in health and educational achievements. However, the services of infrastructural development are also not evenly distributed, with those villages that are located close to transports and administrative centres enjoying more benefits in compared to those that are located in distant or periphery areas.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Essential facilities, Urbanization in rural regions, Spatial inequality, Human geography, Banda District.

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 Abstract

This research investigates the dynamic association between gold prices, silver prices, and movements in the Indian stock market by employing contemporary machine learning methodologies. Financial markets in India have experienced heightened volatility driven by economic disruptions, inflationary pressures, and global uncertainties. During such turbulent episodes, investors characteristically redirect capital toward precious metals, particularly gold and silver, viewing them as protective stores of value and inflation hedges. This study utilizes daily historical price data for gold, silver, and a prominent Indian stock index spanning the period from 2019 to 2026. Following rigorous data preprocessing and transformation, both statistical and machine learning models were constructed to identify underlying patterns and generate short-term market movement forecasts. Model effectiveness was assessed using standard validation metrics. The empirical findings reveal distinct volatility profiles for gold and silver and illustrate their differential predictive relevance for equity market movements.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gold price, Silver price, Indian stock market, Machine learning, Forecasting, Time-series analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition