Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The efficiency of solar panels is often compromised due to dust accumulation, suboptimal orientation, and variations in solar irradiance. Manual maintenance is both labor-intensive and expensive, making automation a necessary solution for sustained performance. This paper presents an integrated system that optimizes solar panel efficiency through three key approaches: automated cleaning, sun tracking, and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). The proposed system includes a sensor-based automatic cleaning mechanism that detects dirt accumulation and initiates a cleaning cycle using a water spray and a wiper system. A real-time solar tracking system equipped with light-dependent resistors (LDRs) adjusts the panel's orientation to ensure maximum sunlight exposure throughout the day. Additionally, an MPPT algorithm is implemented to dynamically regulate the panel's operating voltage and extract the maximum available power under varying environmental conditions. A microcontroller (e.g., Arduino or Raspberry Pi) acts as the central control unit, processing sensor data and coordinating the cleaning, tracking, and MPPT functions. By integrating these three optimization techniques, the system significantly improves solar energy generation, reduces maintenance efforts, and enhances the long-term sustainability of photovoltaic installations. The proposed solution is cost-effective, energy-efficient, and suitable for both residential and commercial solar applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Solar Panel Efficiency, Power Optimizers, DC/DC Converters, Energy Harvesting, Smart Grid Integration, Load Balancing, Monitoring Systems, Solar Panel Array, Auto-Adjusting Solar Panels, Solar Panel Tracking System, Performance Prediction Algorithms, IoT (Internet of Things) in Solar, Solar Panel Monitoring and Control, Battery Storage Optimization, Energy Management System (EMS)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Self-efficacy, as one of the most significant psychological principles regarding believing in oneself that one can achieve some things and get things done properly, is one of the central education principles of utmost significance in its field. Its impact is profoundly profound on motivation, learning behaviours, academic success, and overall well-being among students. This systematic review attempts to systematically explore the existing evidence base of the function of self-efficacy in education, i.e., its utility for learning and well-being of students. The research considers the theory base of self-efficacy by drawing upon Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory and investigates the construction, development, and conditioning of self-efficacy beliefs by various educational and environmental contingencies. One of the most important issues of this review is understanding how self-efficacy influences different sides of learning, including intellectual motivation, persistence in difficult educational tasks, and ability to control school behaviours and feelings. The review also indicates the interdependence between academic attainment and self-efficacy, where high self-efficacy is the driving force for performance, and how academic attainment increases self-efficacy beliefs. The findings of this systematic review indicate a requirement for the inclusion of building self-efficacy into education policy and pedagogic practice. Because of the very close interlinkage between well-being, academic success, and self-efficacy among students, a nurturing and empowering atmosphere needs to be established in order to foster increased lifelong learning and personal development. Recommendations for future research are offered in an attempt to further extend the convergence of self-efficacy with emerging knowledge of learning and education, such as digital learning and personalized learning, to prepare learners for academic and life challenges with resiliency and confidence.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Self-efficacy, Learning Outcomes, Student Well-being, Academic Motivation, Academic Achievement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The aim of this paper is to describe a reliable speed detection system pertaining to the enhancement of safety on the highways. The number of vehicles continues to rise and the speed of monitoring them is ineffective. Our system makes records using an Arduino based circuit coupled with 2 IR sensors consisting of an IR transmitter and then a photodiode receiver. One of the methods employed to monitor the speed of the vehicle is by measuring the time taken by the vehicle to travel a fixed distance, which is then displayed on a 16x2 LCD. If the speed is found to be exceeding a pre-defined limit, an audible buzzer and visual alert via LED light will be switched on.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Speed Detection, Vehicle Monitoring, Highway Safety, Traffic Control, Accident Prevention

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cotton crop diseases pose a significant threat to agricultural productivity, necessitating accurate and efficient disease identification methods. This study proposes a hybrid model integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for feature extraction with Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Random Forests (RFs) for disease classification to enhance the accuracy of cotton crop disease detection. The proposed approach leverages the powerful feature-learning capabilities of CNNs while utilizing SVMs and RFs for robust classification. The model's performance is evaluated against individual classifiers (CNNs, SVMs, and RFs) using a diverse dataset of cotton crop images, ensuring a comprehensive assessment across different disease symptoms and crop varieties. Furthermore, the study examines the generalization ability of the hybrid model on unseen data to validate its real-world applicability. Additionally, computational efficiency and scalability are analyzed to determine the model's practicality for large-scale agricultural deployment. The results demonstrate that the hybrid CNN-SVM-RF model outperforms standalone approaches in terms of accuracy and robustness, making it a promising solution for precision agriculture and early disease detection in cotton crops.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cotton crop disease, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Random Forests (RFs), Hybrid model, Feature extraction, Disease classification, Precision agriculture, Machine learning, Computational efficiency.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent years, the pharmaceutical business has focused on data integrity, which is defined as data that is Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, Accurate, Complete, Consistent, Enduring, and Available (ALCOA-plus). In the increasingly complex pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, maintaining data integrity is getting more difficult due to the increasing usage of computerized systems and the growing popularity of outsourcing manufacturing operations.To address this issue, multiple legislation and guidance documents such as 'Data Integrity and Compliance with CGMP Guidance for Industry' from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 'GxP' Data Integrity Guidance and Definitions from the UK Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), and 'Guidance on Good Data and Record Management Practices' from the World Health Organization (WHO), have been published in recent years. However, with rising data integrity issues observed by FDA, WHO, MHRA and other pharmaceutical inspectors even after these guidance documents have been published, their overall effectiveness is yet to be determined. In addition to discussing some potential difficulties pharmaceutical producers may encounter in maintaining data integrity in the face of existing laws and guidelines, this paper compares and assesses them. When applied alone, these laws and guidelines don't seem to be enough to preserve data integrity in the sector. Finally, in order to help maintain data integrity in the manufacturing sector, this paper also examines other solutions, including the necessity of a company culture of integrity, a good database management system, education and training, strong quality agreements between contract givers and acceptors, and the execution of efficient audits and inspections. When effectively applied, these suggested solutions can resolve data integrity concerns and improve the global production standards for pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Data Integrity, Pharmaceutical Industry, ALCOA-plus, Computerized Systems, Outsourcing Manufacturing, CGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practices), FDA (Food and Drug Administration), MHRA (Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency), WHO (World Health Organization),GxP (Good Laboratory Practices, Good Clinical Practices)Regulatory Guidelines Data Management, Quality Assurance,Audits and Inspections, Contract Manufacturing, Database Management Systems, Education and Training, Company C

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The development and spread of Distributed Denial of Service attacks pose an important threat to organizations operating within various sectors, and safeguarding digital infrastructures becomes a critical challenge. Flooding an exhausted server, network, or service with loads of internet traffic makes it inaccessible to legitimate users. Such sectors are considered to be at a higher risk: finance, healthcare, and e-commerce, where downtime would cause severe financial losses, reputational damage, and operation disconcertment. It is titled 'Mitigating Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks on Servers: Strategies for Prevention and Resilience'. The fast evolution of DDoS threats points out the importance of having a multi-layered defense approach. It thus tries to delve into the traditional defense mechanisms, putting much emphasis on the newer solutions like machine learning algorithms that analyze traffic in real time. Cloud-based DDoS protection services have been identified as scalable options that can mitigate large-scale attacks before they hit the organisation's infrastructure. The paper also underscores the need for partnership between organizations and ISPs in the detection and neutralization of threats at an early stage of the network.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DDOS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study attempts to know the role of personality in adjustment among students. The current study has been designed to find out the impact of personality on adjustment, interaction of personality and gender on adjustment and the relationship between personality and adjustment. A sample of 500 students has been taken from various government schools of Koppal (Karnataka). Finding suggests gender has significant impact on adjustment. There exists a negative relationship between introversion and adjustment of students. The same has been found true for males as well as females. It is clear that extrovert male students are better adjusted. In female group, coefficient of correlation between personality and total adjustment is negative and significant. All the relationships obtained are negative, indicating female extrovert are better adjusted.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Personality, adjustment, students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cryptocurrencies have emerged as a transformative force in the global financial ecosystem, attracting the attention of investors, technologists, and the general public. Among these groups, college students represent a unique demographic poised to influence the future adoption and innovation of cryptocurrency technologies. This study investigates the awareness and perceptions of cryptocurrency among college students, exploring their understanding of key concepts, attitudes towards investment, and concerns regarding security and regulation. A survey was conducted across a diverse sample of undergraduate and graduate students, assessing their familiarity with cryptocurrencies, sources of information, and perceived benefits and risks. The findings reveal that while a significant majority are aware of cryptocurrencies, their knowledge is often limited to popular coins like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Students associate cryptocurrencies with financial opportunity but express concerns about volatility, lack of regulation, and the potential for scams. The study highlights the role of education in demystifying blockchain technology and fostering informed decision-making among young adults. Insights from this research can inform educational initiatives, policymaking, and efforts by cryptocurrency platforms to engage with the next generation of users. By understanding the perceptions and knowledge gaps within this demographic, stakeholders can better support responsible engagement with the evolving cryptocurrency landscape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cryptocurrency, College Student, ANOVA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Struggle for Identity and Belongingness is the thing which is being endured by the throngs all around the world. The term identity refers to the origin and background of a particular person. There are different genres of identities which have a place to discuss such as Cultural, Social, Personal, Gender, sexual, religious and philosophical identity. Cultural Identity is something which differs according to the geographical location they born and the language they speak and the traditions they follow. Such an identity gets sacked when a foreign culture starts to dominate the existing one. People of the modern world have started using social media which gives access to all sorts of people to all sorts of cultures which acts as a Trojan horse to the prevailing culture. At some other cases, people who are living in a foreign or a neighborhood country have undeniably struggled for identity and belongingness. These struggles cause tension and restrictions to the victims. It questions the authenticity of our character and causes throngs to be dubious about their values, beliefs and personal characteristics. The personal experience of being uncertain about their identity cause doubt in their belongingness. The uncertainty alienates them from the society they are living in and causes them to remain at the edge of the wheel. There are some of the tremendous literary works that deal with the identity and belongingness.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Identity Crisis, Racism, marginalization and assimilation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Gandhi ji has been often termed as the oracle of the 21st century. Gandhianism starts with the famous line "Simple Living and High Thinking" and its objective is to transform the individual and society. Mahatma Gandhi is Considered the Most Sublime statesman of india. His ideas and views still hold a symbolic position in the country's policy and governance. Major Gandhian ideology emphasized self reliance, non-violence and the use of peaceful protest, civil disobedience, trusteeship, swadeshi, decentralization, Cleanliness, sustainable environment, women empowerment and anti-castiesim. These philosophy has the most relevance today in world wide. Most Powerful philosophy non-violence is relevant today. He thought that any problem could be solved without using violence to gain advantage or raise your voice. Non-Violence, kindness and empathy can be used to win battles and even wars. His idea of satyagrah, meant the trimph of the soul force over the brutal force. Gandhi ji communicated a classic massage to the nation through his effort to educated people around him about cleanness. He wished to see a "Clean India". To work seriously towards this vision of Gandhi ji, Indian Government launched the Swatch Bharat Abhiyan on October 2nd, 2014. Trusteeship holds relevance in the current scenario as people leave a lavish life style. Gandhi ji believed that the wealthy people could be persuaded to part with their wealth to help the poor. He advocated women empowerment swadeshi and worked on anti-castiesim and rural development. In present, Indian Government working on all his ideology. Gandhi ji believed on the basic philosophy "Be the Change that You Want to See". Which Continue to guide the present civil Society.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Non Violence, Relevance, Decentralization, Trusteeship and Ethical.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition