Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Folk songs are one of the most conservative and articulate forms of cultural memory in traditional societies. Transmitted orally, folk songs function not only as artistic expressions but also as repositories of historical, moral, emotional, and familial values. This paper presents a thematic analysis of a few folk songs of the Kangra region based on the thematic analysis of seven representative compositions that are Hari Singh Raajjey, Suliya Tangoi Gayi Meri Jaan, Prithvi Singh Inderdeyi, Pind Deya Lambda, Sithniyan and Ghodi. The paper examines how these songs convey justice, heroism, tragedy, loss, regional pride, nostalgia, the voice of women, social denunciation, and rites of celebration through close textual analysis and interpretive reading. The paper concludes that Kangra folk songs serve as an alternative historical narrative and emotional archives to support the social values, gendered experiences and regional identity. Through the process of collective memory, these folk compositions ensure cultural continuity and provide insight into the moral imagination of the people.

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 Keywords

Folk literature, Kangra folk songs, oral tradition, regional identity, justice, tragedy, women's voice, ritual culture

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper examines hybridity as a survival mechanism in Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide, arguing that hybrid identities function not merely as postcolonial conditions but as necessary tools for survival. Set in the ever-changing Sundarbans delta, characters like Piya Roy, Fokir, Moyna, and the Morichjhapi refugees navigate cultural, linguistic, and geographical displacements by developing new identities that challenge fixed notions of belonging. The novel presents hybridity as a transformative process that creates possibilities while acknowledging the violence and loss accompanying displacement.

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 Keywords

Hybridity, Survival, Displacement, Postcolonial Identity, Amitav Ghosh, The Hungry Tide

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The drug approval process requires submission of large volumes of regulatory documentation in the electronic Common Technical Document (eCTD) format. Preparation, validation, and regulatory review of these dossiers are traditionally time-consuming and prone to human error. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative technology that can accelerate both eCTD submission and regulatory review processes. AI tools can automate document generation, perform real-time compliance checks, validate data integrity, and assist regulatory authorities in faster evaluation of submissions. The integration of AI technologies in regulatory systems improves accuracy, reduces submission deficiencies, and enhances the efficiency of digital drug approval pathways. This review highlights the application of AI in eCTD preparation, automated validation, and AI-assisted regulatory review, demonstrating how digital innovation can significantly accelerate global drug approval processes.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, eCTD, Regulatory Affairs, Digital Drug Approval, Machine Learning, Regulatory Review

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Women's empowerment is a multidimensional process aimed at enhancing the social, economic, political, and legal strength of women. While India has made significant strides through legal reforms, affirmative action, and grassroots-level participation (such as through Panchayati Raj), women continue to face persistent challenges. This paper explores the structural, cultural, institutional, and psychological barriers that hinder women's empowerment in India, particularly in rural and marginalized settings. It also offers policy recommendations for addressing these issues in a holistic manner.

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 Keywords

Women's Empowerment, Gender Equality, Panchayati Raj, Structural Barriers, Rural Women, India, SHGs

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Influencers on social media are ushering in a new era of marketing and advertising by significantly changing public consumer behavior.Although brand ambassadors, paid promotions, free trips, discounts, and other benefits come with endorsing products or services, how can individuals actually get affected by social media influencers with a simple post on their platforms?Before the advent of social media, goods and services were advertised on television, in newspapers, and in pamphlets. Today, we witness social media influencers travelling to different locations to publicise products and reap the rewards of doing so on websites like Instagram, Facebook, Youtube, and others. The goal of this study is to determine how social media influencers affect customer behavior.The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of consumer behaviour in influence marketing, to study the negative effects of social media influencers towards a product and to understand the legal stance about the guidelines of social media influencers marketing.The present research is based on an empirical study. The information was gathered from individuals in south India utilizing helpful examining techniques. The sample size is 200 and the sampling method was a convenient sampling method. The independent variables are Age, Gender, Occupation, Educational Qualification and Place of living.The suggestions of the study would be that the social media influencers should always provide content which is honest and real even if it is a paid promotion by the brands.Since the majority of people utilise social media, it can be concluded that individuals are greatly influenced by social media influencers. As a result, new rules regulating social media influencers must be developed in order to protect consumers and their behaviour.

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 Keywords

KEYWORDS: Brands, Consumer Behaviour, Influencer marketing, Paid promotions, Social Media, Social media influencers.

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The financial performance of garment companies plays a crucial role in determining their sustainability, competitiveness, and growth in the global textile industry. The garment sector is highly dynamic and influenced by factors such as production costs, market demand, export opportunities, labor efficiency, and technological advancements. This study examines the financial performance of garment companies by analyzing key financial indicators, including profitability, liquidity, solvency, and operational efficiency. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the financial health of garment firms and identify the factors that influence their financial outcomes. The research is based on secondary data collected from the financial statements of selected garment companies over a specified period. Financial ratios such as gross profit ratio, net profit ratio, return on assets, current ratio, debt-equity ratio, and inventory turnover ratio are used to assess performance. These indicators help in understanding the companies' ability to generate profits, manage working capital, meet short-term and long-term obligations, and utilize resources effectively. The findings of the study reveal that financial performance in the garment industry is significantly affected by cost control, efficient inventory management, labor productivity, export market fluctuations, and effective financial planning. Companies that adopt modern production techniques, maintain optimal capital structures, and focus on quality improvement tend to perform better financially. On the other hand, firms facing high production costs, poor financial management, or declining market demand experience reduced profitability and liquidity challenges. The study concludes that strong financial management practices, technological adoption, and strategic planning are essential for improving the financial performance of garment companies. It also highlights the importance of government support, export incentives, and skill development initiatives in strengthening the sector.

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 Keywords

Financial performance, garment industry, profitability, liquidity, solvency, financial ratios, operational efficiency, textile sector, cost management, capital structure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Accurate analysis of motion parameters is essential in various engineering applications involving rotating mechanical systems. This study presents a numerical approach for analyzing non-linear two-dimensional rotational motion using the Newton-Gregory forward interpolation method. The research considers time and corresponding angular displacement data of a wind turbine blade to determine the unknown motion parameters such as angular velocity and angular acceleration. The mathematical formulation is validated through computational implementation using the Java programming language to improve numerical accuracy and computational efficiency. The results obtained from the computational model show strong agreement with the classical numerical method, with minimal percentage error, demonstrating the reliability of the proposed approach. The study highlights the effectiveness of combining numerical interpolation techniques with computational tools for real-time engineering motion analysis and data-driven system modeling.

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Newton Gregory Interpolation, Non-Linear Motion Analysis, Angular Velocity, Angular Acceleration, Wind Turbine Blade Motion, Numerical Methods, Java Programming, Computational Modeling, Engineering Motion Analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Uttaraandhra maandalikam- varna vignaanam

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Uttaraandhra maandalikam- varna vignaanam

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The Lacuna by Barbara Kingsolver explores the complex relationship between silence, identity, and political fear through the life of its protagonist, Harrison Shepherd. Set across Mexico and the United States during the early twentieth century, the novel presents a historical narrative shaped by political upheaval, cultural displacement, and ideological conflict. Shepherd's life intersects with prominent historical figures such as Diego Rivera, Frida Kahlo, and Leon Trotsky, situating the narrative within a broader historical framework. This paper examines how Kingsolver uses the concept of "lacuna" a gap or absence to symbolize the silences within personal identity, historical memory, and political discourse. The study argues that the protagonist's fragmented identity reflects the cultural and ideological tensions of the period. Furthermore, the novel reveals how political fear, particularly during the era of McCarthyism, suppresses truth and creates a culture of suspicion. Through its exploration of silence and displacement, The Lacuna highlights the difficulties of constructing identity in a world shaped by political paranoia and historical uncertainty.

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 Keywords

silence, identity, political fear, cultural displacement, historical fiction, McCarthyism, narrative gaps

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT : Internet, the worldwide connection of loosely held networks, has made the waft of information and data among exceptional networks less complicated. With statistics and statistics being transferred between networks at distant locations, security issues have come to be a chief situation from the past few years. The internet has additionally been used by few human beings for criminal sports like unauthorized get right of entry to others networks, scams, etc. these crook activities related to the internet are termed as Cyber Crimes. With the growing recognition of on-line activities like on line banking, on line shopping, and so forth., it's far a time period that we regularly hear inside the information now-a-days. therefore, so one can stop and punish the cyber criminals, "Cyber regulation" changed into added. Cyber law may be described as regulation of the internet, i.e., it is a part of the legal systems that offers with the internet, cyberspace and with other prison problems like on line protection or online privateness. consequently, keeping the targets in thoughts, this chapter is divided into distinct sections in an effort to offer a brief assessment of what's cybercrime, the perpetrators of cybercrime-hackers and crackers, special types of cybercrimes and the evolution of cyber laws in India. The chapter in addition throws light on how these laws paintings and the various preventive measures which can be used to fight this "hi-tech" crime in India.

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 Keywords

Internet, Cyber Crime, Cyber Law, Cyberspace, Online security, Online privacy, Hi-Tech Crime, Hackers, Crackers, Unauthorized access.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition