Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Infections such as septic arthritis due to pathogens in the joint or maybe even in the body of the patient would cause an immediately associated emergency condition associated with that effusion. Septic arthritis is inflammation of the joint and severe pain in the joints; it threatens joint survival, requiring treatment. Triggers include infections by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, and among them is Staphylococcus aureus, the most common pathogen. Mainly affected are adults and geriatrics who tend to suffer greatly with comorbidities such as diabetes, immunosuppression, trauma to a joint, and having prosthetic joints. All of these have an age basis in the elderly common group. The main pathogens found to infect the younger individuals under 3 years include Kingella-kingae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Signs or symptoms of septic arthritis include pain at the sites of the joints, swelling, fever, and loss of function in joints at the later, knee, hip, and shoulder joints. It involves early detection through tests on synovial fluid, blood cultures, and imaging studies for diagnosis. Then, the treatment entails antimicrobial therapy, joint aspiration, and, on occasions, surgery for drainage of the joint or, if indicated, for removal of the prosthesis. Early commencement of process of antibiotic drug therapy, along with physiotherapy, greatly reduces the incidence of complications like destruction of joints or systemic infection. The advent of new mechanisms for diagnosis and therapy has been a great revolution in both prognosis and outcome in patients.

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 Keywords

Septic arthritis, joint infection, Staphylococcus aureus, synovial fluid, diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, risk factors, imaging, treatment, joint aspiration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma viride inoculation on the development, cocoon formation, and biodegradation capacity of the epigeic earthworm Eisenia fetida when undergoing vermicomposting of organic waste materials. A total of treatment combinations was The whole procedure was conducted in 150 days with samples being collected at periodic intervals (0, 45, 80, 120 and 150 days). Parameters like physicochemical properties such as pH, OC, TN, available phosphorus (P), K and C:N ratio were considered. Analysis of results revealed that inoculation with T. viride increased the rate of decomposition, decreased organic carbon content up to 75% and enhanced nutrient contents. Biological parameters like biomass production and cocoon formation in E. fetida were also improved in inoculated treatments. It is evident that the use of microbial inoculants with T. viride improves the efficiency of vermicomposting and hence, can be considered as a sustainable solution for organic waste management.formulated using various types of organic materials with or without T. viride inoculation.

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 Keywords

Trichoderma viride, Eisenia fetida, vermicomposting, cocoon production, biodegradation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study is based on secondary data. The data for the study have been obtained from the reports of the DAY-NRLM website. Data were compiled from the compiled report of all MPR indicator reports for the year 2024-25. The main objective of this study is to examine the outreach of the Community Investment Fund (CIF) support to Self-Help Groups (SHGs), with a focus on financial inclusion and livelihood promotion. The findings show that a large number of SHGs have achieved operational maturity, with over 3.7 million groups having been operational for more than six months. Out of these groups, 1.23 million SHGs have received CIF of INR618,809.65 lakh. The distribution of CIF has seen greater coverage among socially disadvantaged groups such as SCs and STs. The study further found that SHG interventions have positively impacted over 4.6 million households through livelihood support.

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 Keywords

SHG Federations, VO, CLF, CIF

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This study inspect the impact of store keeping management on consumer satisfaction in the organized retail store. Inventory control, stock management, storage system are important part of effective store keeping practices. All of these play a significant role in improving customer experience. This research emphasizes on how efficiently store operation helps to reduce stock out situations improve service quality and increase consumer loyalty. Primary data were collected from customer of selected retail stores using a structured questionnaire method. Mean, standard deviation, and correlation are used to examine relationship between store keeping practices and consumer satisfaction levels. The finding of the study indicate that proper inventory management, systematic storage of stock positively influence customer satisfaction and purchasing behavior of consumers. This study concludes that proper store keeping management and timely replenishment of stock is an important factor for improving service quality in the retail sector.

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 Keywords

Storekeeping management, Consumer satisfaction, organized retail, Inventory control, Retail management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Blockchain innovations have acquired interest in the course of the most recent years. One of the most talked about issues is currency exchange, but its application is not limited only to Digital currency. So it has the potential to influence different business sectors. Blockchain technology has brought greater transparency and ease in large transactions. We can detect counterfeit goods using blockchain technology. The question arises when buying any item in today's world that the product is fake or genuine. And the lack of these things has been shown a huge impact on economic progress. Therefore, in order to curb all counterfeit goods, it is important to bring transparency about the goods to the notice of the consumers. The growing presence of counterfeit and unsafe products in the world is a cause for concern and blockchain technology has taken the next step towards its complete annihilation. Not only the use of technology will reduce the production of counterfeit goods, but everyone needs to be aware of this. By producing and packaging the right items each of those items needs to be given a digital code with its own identity. In this application, the supplier will register their products and customers will scan QR code using any QR scanning application and then the system will verify if the given product is counterfeit or not.

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 Keywords

Blockchain Technology ,Counterfeit Goods , Product Authentication , QR Code Verification , Transparency , Consumer Awareness

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Traditional storytelling methods lack the scalability and personalization required for modern digital education. This paper introduces StoryGenAI, an advanced Artificial Intelligence framework that utilizes Natural Language Processing (NLP) and deep learning to autonomously generate customized, age-appropriate children's stories in real-time. To ensure a deeply immersive and multimodal learning experience, the system features a dynamic visual synthesis engine that generates highly unique, context-aware illustrations for every scene. Crucially, this module guarantees absolute visual novelty, ensuring no illustration is ever repeated, even when identical story parameters are processed. This rich visual layer is synchronized with a highly versatile Text-to-Speech (TTS) auditory interface, providing multi-regional accent support (Indian, US, UK, Australian, and a specialized pediatric voice) alongside customizable reading velocities ranging from 0.5x to 2.0x. To facilitate an uninterrupted reading flow, the framework also integrates an intelligent auto-pagination mechanism that seamlessly transitions pages upon the completion of each audio segment.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Generative AI, Deep Learning, Transformers, Large Language Models, Multimodal Storytelling, Text-to-Speech (TTS), Educational Technology, Kids Story Creation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and drug-induced nephrotoxicity has created a need for safe and effective therapeutic alternatives. Unani medicine provides a holistic approach to renal protection through the concept of Muhafiz-e-Kulya, which focuses on maintaining Mizaj (temperament), proper functioning of Quwa (faculties), and elimination of fasid maddah (morbid matter). This review aims to explore the conceptual framework of kidney function in Unani medicine and to evaluate the nephroprotective potential of Unani drugs in the light of modern scientific evidence. A comprehensive analysis of classical Unani texts along with recent pharmacological studies was carried out. The Unani system describes the kidney (Kulya) as an active organ governed by five faculties responsible for absorption, retention, transformation, discrimination, and elimination. Several drugs such as Kasni (Cichorium intybus), Gokhru (Tribulus terrestris), Biskhapra (Boerhavia diffusa), and Karafs (Apium graveolens) have shown significant nephroprotective effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic mechanisms. Compound formulations like Jawarish Zarooni Sada and Sharbat-e-Bazoori further enhance renal protection by improving detoxification and organ strength. Modern experimental studies support these traditional claims by demonstrating reduction in serum creatinine, urea levels, and renal tissue damage. The review suggests that Unani nephroprotective drugs offer a multi-targeted approach in the management of renal disorders. However, further clinical studies and standardization are required for their wider acceptance in modern medicine.

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 Keywords

Unani Medicine, Nephroprotection, Muqawwiyat-e-Kulya, Chronic Kidney Disease

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India's dairy sector, valued at approximately INR18-20 lakh crore (USD 220-250 billion), has historically been characterised by inelastic demand, stable margins, and predictable revenue streams. This paper challenges the prevailing assumption that the organised sector's reported 8-10% CAGR reflects genuine demand expansion. Using primary survey data (n = 30, urban respondents aged 18-35) and secondary financial and industry sources, this study argues that reported growth is predominantly a formalisation effect the structural migration of consumers from unorganised local vendors to branded organised players rather than net new consumption. The analysis integrates three financial constructs: risk perception (measured through health, safety, and ethical concern variables), demand elasticity (assessed through substitution intent and attitudinal sensitivity to perception shocks), and profitability (evaluated through revenue quality deterioration, margin compression, and EBITDA sensitivity in Tier-1 urban markets). Survey findings reveal that 83.3% of respondents hold positive health perceptions of dairy, yet 63.3% express some degree of ethical concern or uncertainty regarding dairy farming practices a figure that constitutes the paper's primary leading indicator of future demand fragility. A simple OLS regression of consumption intent on perception variables confirms that ethical concern is the dominant and statistically significant predictor of switching intent (? = -0.61, p < 0.05), outweighing both health and safety perception in explanatory power. The paper concludes that Tier-1 urban markets contributing an estimated 30-40% of organised dairy profit pools face a structural demand transition driven by Gen Z and millennial value-based consumption shifts. Unless dairy firms invest in brand repositioning, product innovation, and ESG-aligned communication strategies, they face material long-term risk to revenue quality, pricing power, and enterprise valuation.

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 Keywords

Demand Elasticity, Risk Perception, Profitability, Dairy Industry India, Gen Z, Ethical Consumption, EBITDA Compression, Formalisation Effect, Plant-Based Alternatives.

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In cellular wireless networks, resources are constrained. These limited resources must be utilized effectively. There are two categories of voice users in a cellular network: new calls and handoff calls. Handoff calls are prioritized higher than new calls, leading many researchers to investigate methods to block new calls while terminating ongoing calls. Numerous schemes exist, but we have chosen to focus on the two-threshold guard channel scheme in wireless cellular networks and we are going to implement this and observe the results.

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 Keywords

Cellular wireless network, Two-Threshold Guard Channel Scheme

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Deforestation is a major environmental challenge that contributes to biodiversity loss and climate change. Conventional forest monitoring techniques rely on manual surveys or delayed analysis of satellite imagery, which limits timely detection of illegal forest clearing. This research proposes a deep learning-based system for automated deforestation detection using satellite imagery. The proposed approach utilizes transfer learning with the ResNet50 convolutional neural network combined with a spatial attention mechanism to improve the identification of deforested regions. The system is implemented within a web-based platform consisting of a React frontend, a Flask backend, and a deep learning inference module. Experimental evaluation using satellite image datasets demonstrates that the proposed model achieves approximately 88% classification accuracy while maintaining an average inference time of less than two seconds per image. Additionally, an automated alert module notifies users when deforestation is detected with high confidence. The results indicate that the proposed framework can support large-scale environmental monitoring and assist authorities in identifying deforestation activities more efficiently

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 Keywords

Deforestation Detection, Deep Learning, ResNet50, Satellite Imagery, Environmental Monitoring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition