Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, often revered as the "Iron Man of India," is widely known for his unyielding determination in unifying the princely states after independence. Yet, beyond his reputation as a master strategist and statesman, Patel's reflections on education have not received the attention they deserve. He saw education as much more than a path to employment or literacy; in Patel's view, a vital force for weaving together the social and moral fabric of the nation. This paper takes a closer look at Patel's educational philosophy, exploring his speeches, writings, and public statements to uncover the values he championed: national unity, civic responsibility, ethical conduct, and self-discipline. Patel believed that a truly independent India could only thrive if its citizens were shaped by these values, and he saw schools as the crucible for this civic transformation. Building on his vision, the paper introduces the idea of Unity-Oriented Education, a model that calls for integrating civic education, inclusive history, and moral development into the heart of the curriculum. By revisiting Patel's ideas, we gain a fresh perspective on contemporary reforms like the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The final section offers practical suggestions for re-aligning policy and practice with Patel's enduring ideals, inviting educators and policymakers to imagine an education system that not only informs, but transforms, the nation.

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 Keywords

Civic Education, Unity-Oriented Education, Inclusive Education, Character Education

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Sports injuries often result in both physical limitations and significant psychological challenges that can affect recovery and return-to-sport outcomes. The present study aimed to explore the role of mindfulness training in sports injury rehabilitation, with a specific focus on psychological readiness, fear of re-injury, and athletic performance. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with seven injured athletes aged between 18 and 25 years. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

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 Keywords

mindfulness, sports injury, psychological readiness, fear of re-injury, athletic performance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly reshaping political landscapes globally, impacting governance, public administration, and electoral processes. This transformation embodies a complex duality: AI holds the potential to enhance democratic transparency, improve governmental accountability, and foster citizen engagement through efficient data analysis and e-governance platforms. For instance, AI-powered systems can facilitate expedited service delivery, detect electoral fraud, and provide real-time public policy feedback, thereby fortifying the democratic fabric. However, AI also poses significant threats to democracy. The deployment of AI in surveillance, predictive policing, and social credit mechanisms risks undermining privacy and civil liberties. Algorithmic biases embedded in AI systems may reinforce existing inequalities and discrimination, eroding trust in political institutions. Furthermore, AI-driven misinformation campaigns, such as deepfakes and micro-targeted political advertisements, threaten to manipulate public opinion and distort democratic deliberation. This article critically examines both the opportunities and risks of AI in politics, drawing upon global case studies including India's Digital Governance initiatives, the U.S. electoral process, China's surveillance state, and the European Union's regulatory frameworks. It underscores the urgent need for comprehensive legal and ethical guidelines to govern AI use in politics, emphasizing transparency, accountability, and inclusivity. The article concludes that AI's ultimate impact on democracy depends on the regulatory environment, ethical considerations, and active civic oversight. Responsible AI governance can harness technology as a powerful tool for transparency and democratic empowerment, while unchecked AI deployment may pose severe threats to democratic values.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Politics, Government, Digital, Bias, Transparency, Threat, Privacy, Security, Democracy.

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The geopolitical conflict between Israel and Iran has evolved into a major global crisis with significant implications for international trade, energy markets, and economic stability. As a rapidly developing country with heavy dependence on Middle Eastern energy supplies and trade routes, India is particularly vulnerable to the ripple effects of this conflict. This research paper examines the harmful effects and broader impacts of the Israel-Iran war on the Indian economy and the everyday lives of Indian citizens. The study analyzes major channels through which the conflict affects India, including rising oil prices, disruptions in maritime trade routes, inflationary pressures, stock market volatility, remittances from Indian workers in the Gulf region, and supply-chain disturbances. Furthermore, the paper highlights how the war affects key economic sectors such as agriculture, aviation, fertilizers, and consumer markets. By evaluating these dimensions, the research demonstrates that geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East can significantly influence India's macroeconomic stability and the socio-economic well-being of its population. The paper concludes by discussing possible policy responses that the Indian government could adopt to mitigate these risks and strengthen economic resilience against external geopolitical shocks.

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Comprehensive Analysis of the Effects of the Israel-Iran War on the Indian Economy

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Toolify is an inclusive AI-driven digital marketplace designed to simplify the discovery, access, and deployment of artificial intelligence tools for students, startups, and businesses. The platform addresses challenges such as fragmented tool availability, high costs, and limited technical expertise by providing a unified web-based environment for browsing, listing, and utilizing AI services. It integrates applications including resume building, video summarization, image caption generation, and blog writing. Developed using the MERN stack, Toolify supports dedicated user roles-administrator, seller, and customer-and employs a usage-based pricing model to ensure scalability, affordability, and fair monetization for developers. Experimental evaluation indicates improved accessibility to AI technologies, efficient resource utilization, and enhanced user adoption. The proposed system contributes toward democratizing AI services and fostering innovation through a centralized and sustainable ecosystem.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence Marketplace, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), AI Tool Integration, Usage-Based Pricing, Web Application Platform, Digital Ecosystem, AI Accessibility

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This study investigates the factors influencing and the spatial distribution of digital credit adoption among women micro-entrepreneurs in Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in West Bengal. Using quantitative and spatial analysis methods, it explores how socio-economic conditions, access to digital tools, and institutional support affect adoption patterns. Results show that while access to digital infrastructure has expanded, actual use of digital credit remains only moderate. Digital literacy is the strongest predictor of adoption, followed by education level, income, and support from SHG institutions. Spatial analysis reveals distinct regional clusters, with higher adoption rates in urban and well-connected areas, contrasting with lower uptake in rural regions. These geographic disparities emphasise the role of location and network connectivity in shaping financial inclusion. The findings suggest that efforts to expand digital financial access should prioritise improving digital literacy, reinforcing institutional frameworks, and addressing regional imbalances to ensure more equitable outcomes for women entrepreneurs.

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 Keywords

Digital Credit, Women Entrepreneurs, SHGs, Spatial Econometrics, Financial Inclusion

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The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal face oil incorporating natural ingredients such as tea tree oil, jojoba oil, kumkumadi oil, rosehip oil, and almond oil. The objective of this research was to develop a safe, effective, and skin-friendly formulation that provides moisturising, antimicrobial, and rejuvenating benefits. The oils were selected based on their therapeutic properties, where almond oil and jojoba oil act as carrier oils offering deep nourishment, tea tree oil provides antimicrobial activity, while kumkumadi oil and rosehip oil contribute to skin brightening and regeneration. The formulation was prepared by blending the oils in suitable proportions to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The prepared herbal oil was subjected to various evaluation parameters, including organoleptic properties (colour, odour, and texture), pH, density, and irritability tests. The results indicated that the formulation possessed a pleasant aroma, smooth texture, and acceptable physical appearance. The pH was found to be within the suitable range for topical application, and the density confirmed uniform consistency. The irritability test showed no signs of redness or irritation, indicating that the formulation is safe for skin use

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 Keywords

Herbal face oil, Tea tree oil, Jojoba oil, Kumkumadi oil, Rosehip oil, Almond oil, Formulation, Evaluation, Physicochemical properties, Irritability test, Natural skincare, Antimicrobial activity, Skin rejuvenation.

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The growth of Instagram-based businesses has led to an increase in customer interactions through Direct Messages (DMs). However, managing orders through DMs is mostly done manually, which causes issues such as missing orders, duplication, and inaccurate revenue tracking. This paper presents a Smart DM-Based Order Tracking and Revenue Automation System that converts unstructured DM interactions into structured digital records. The system provides a centralized platform for order management, payment tracking, delivery updates, and revenue analysis. It helps sellers manage orders more efficiently and allows customers to check their order status using a unique Order ID. The proposed system improves accuracy, reduces manual work, and supports better management for small Instagram-based businesses.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Instagram-based business, Direct Message (DM) order management, revenue automation, customer order tracking, MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React Native, Node.js), mobile application, centralized dashboard, scalable system design.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The basic competency of Communication Skills is vital in the academic world as well as in the business world in various situations like interviews, technical discussions, collaborative discussions, business meetings, etc. These need to be verbally well-expressed, along with appropriate non-verbal communication skills. However, people often have speech disfluencies, speech rate disfluencies, eye contact disfluencies, and physical disfluencies during speech, which impact the quality of the communication process. These traditional methods of training and developing Communication Skills are mostly based on human evaluators, which are costly and subjective in nature and cannot be used for self-evaluation. This paper aims to introduce a Communication Skills Evaluation System using AI technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Speech Processing, and Computer Vision.. NLP algorithms in speech analysis are used to carry out filler word detection, articulation tempo analysis, and fluency feature analysis, whereas computer vision algorithms are used to carry out facial landmark point tracking motion analysis to evaluate gaze consistency behaviour.A color-coded feedback system allows for corrective measures to be taken immediately, and performance parameters are stored for tracking The modular design allows for future incorporation of more advanced machine learning models for improved adaptability. By means of immediate feedback and long-term analysis of performance, it fosters constant and autonomous improvement in communication.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Real-Time Feedback, NLP, Computer Vision, Speech Analysis, FastAPI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper undertakes a comparative philosophical analysis of the Bhagavad Gita and major traditions in western moral philosophy, focusing on three central themes: consciousness, the nature of mind, and self- realization. The Bhagavad Gita, a fundamental text of Indian philosophy, offers a metaphysical and ethical framework grounded in the unity of self (Atma) and ultimate reality (Brahman), emphasizing disciplined action, detachment and spiritual knowledge. In contrast, western moral philosophy ranging from Greek virtue ethics to Kantian deontology and utilitarianism - primarily centres on rationality, autonomy, and ethical universality within a largely secular framework. This study argues that while both traditions seek ethical coherence and self-knowledge, the Gita integrates metaphysics, psychology, and ethics into a unified spiritual vision, whereas Western traditions often treat them as distinct domains. The comparative analysis highlights both convergences - such as the emphasis on self-knowledge - and divergences, particularly regarding the ontological status of the self and the role of consciousness.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

comparative philosophical analysis, Bhagavad Gita, Western moral philosophy, consciousness, mind, self-realization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition