Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The ability to generate convincing synthetic audio, image, and video content has introduced significant challenges for the verification of digital media authenticity. Deepfake manipulation techniques can closely replicate real-world media characteristics, rendering single-modality and manual detection approaches ineffective in many practical scenarios. To address this issue, this work implements a multimodal deepfake detection system that processes audio, image, and video inputs through independent yet coordinated analysis pipelines. The proposed framework adopts modality-specific preprocessing and feature extraction strategies, followed by dedicated classification models tailored to the characteristics of each media type. Audio inputs are analysed using a machine learning-based classifier, while image and video content are evaluated using convolutional neural networks designed to capture spatial and frame-level manipulation artifacts. Experimental evaluation on benchmark datasets confirms the system's ability to accurately differentiate authentic content from manipulated media across all modalities. The modular structure of the framework supports extensibility and makes it suitable for deployment in forensic analysis, media verification, and security-oriented applications.

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 Keywords

Deepfake Detection, Audio Deepfake, Image Deepfake, Video Deepfake, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Multimedia Forensics

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 Abstract

This study aimed to assess the psychological problems among first year GNM nursing students studying at District Sindhudurg. A descriptive research design was adopted, and a non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to select 60 students. Data were collected using a structured dichotomous questionnaire, and relevant information was also supported by secondary data from articles and internet sources. The findings revealed that the majority of students, 41 (68.3%), had good mental well-being with no psychological problems, while 18 (30%) students experienced anxiety and only 1 (1.7%) student reported stress related to hostel and school environment. No cases of depression or other psychological problems were found among the students. The study was limited to those students who were present and willing to participate during data collection. The findings emphasize the importance of early identification and management of psychological problems, and highlight the role of community health nurses in promoting the physical, psychological, social, and environmental well-being of students.

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 Keywords

Psychological Problems, Nursing Students, Stress, Anxiety, Assessment, Mental Well-being

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 Abstract

The paper attempts to analyse income volatility and source of occupation worries for the handloom weavers at Mangalagiri in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The study reveals wage inadequacy, unpredictable income and long hours of work as the chief problems among the weavers. The handloom sector is embedded in the Indian rural economy and millions of weaver households in traditional clusters depend on it for their subsistence and livelihood. Mangalagiri a GI tagged handloom cluster in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh is known for its unique cotton fabrics and at the same time one of the most poverty stricken weaver community in the state. The paper focuses on the level of income instability and occupational malady among the handloom workers with special reference to wages and working hours, and is based on field survey data obtained from 140 samples taken up in 2024. On the whole, the paper presents a comprehensive analysis of socio demographic characteristics, indicators of income variability, underpayment and overtime work by means of descriptive statistics, percentage analysis and cross-tabulations through chi-square association test. The results show that 75.7 percent of workers have fluctuating incomes, 70 percent earn lower than minimum wage, 85 percent work without written wage contracts, and 82.9 percent have no social protection. There is statistically significant evidence of gender discrimination in wages, and of a positive correlation between the irregular work order and the debt burden of the household. The study is concluded by suggesting policy instrument with justification concerning wage formalization, cooperative work distribution, gender parity enforcement and extension of social security integration to Mangalagiri's handloom weaver community.

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 Keywords

Handloom workers, income instability, wages, working hours, Mangalagiri, weaving, occupational problems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) peel, Dietary fibre, functional food development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this 21st century, in the era of globalization and digital advancement, just when science has achieved milestones touching the sky, nature repeatedly warn us with its vigilant bells. Even though today we have conquered the world with the blessings of science, there remains no opportunity to deny the exploitation of nature. Every nation must be conscious of how to protect nature, how to shield it from the hands of destruction. At such times when various policies, agendas, principles, and laws are being implemented to protect nature, it becomes crucial for us to be aware of nature's contribution and understand its essence. The relationship between humans and nature needs to be properly understood. A comprehensive understanding of who bears the greatest responsibility for the preservation of nature is of utmost importance. Therefore, the value of loving nature and the environmental education of the globally renowned nature enthusiast Rabindranath Tagore are more relevant today than ever before. In the twentieth century, when he speculated on nature's terrifying indifference, we find direct evidence in his writings. He repeatedly showed us with his vision, how the relationship between humans and nature should be, how to nurture nature, what kind of bond we should have with it. Hence, the paper made an attempt to understand the thought of Tagore, keeping in mind a global relevance in the contemporary era. Rabindranath portrayed his educational vision in his dream land, Santiniketan and Sriniketan. Tagore's prescient approach serves as the blueprint to solve the global hazards. This study is aiming to instill the right attitude, along with environmental awareness to understand the relationship between man and nature. His global vision was to anticipate the future state of nature. If we adhere to his path and actions, then we will be able to restore our golden earth. His nature education has the potential to prevent the endless destruction of nature. Therefore, without delay, we must follow his ideals and return to the lap of nature. Tagore's creations and works provide us with the guidance we need on this path.

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 Keywords

Environmental Education, Sustainable Society, Rabindranath Tagore

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 Abstract

This study presents the development and implementation of an Arduino-based weather station leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time environmental monitoring. The system is designed to measure and log critical weather parameters, including Air Quality/Gas Detector, rainfall detection and temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure using sensors such as the BMP280. The data collected is transmitted via an ESP32 Board to the Thing Speak IoT platform, enabling remote access to real-time weather information from anywhere in the world. The weather station is particularly suited for applications in agriculture, disaster management, and controlled environments such as industrial and residential areas, where continuous monitoring of climatic conditions is essential. The recorded data not only supports real-time decision-making but also aids in analysing weather patterns and studying climate changes. This implementation highlights the potential of integrating IoT with microcontroller-based systems to create cost-effective, accessible, and reliable weather monitoring solutions.

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 Keywords

IoT, Weather Monitoring, Node MCU, Real-Time Data, ThingSpeak, Sensors

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Big Five personality traits among adults belonging to the age group of 25-65 years. Childhood experiences have been considered to be of vital importance in influencing psychological development. Adverse experiences in childhood have been associated with different emotional and behavioral consequences in adulthood. However, there has been relatively less research on exploring the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and personality traits in the Indian context. The present study has employed quantitative research design and correlational research method for collecting data from 75 - 100 participants through the use of snowball and convenience methods. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Questionnaire and Big Five Inventory (BFI-44) are used for collecting data. The present study has employed Pearson's correlation coefficient for analyzing the data. The present study is intended to offer insight into the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and personality traits such as Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of personality development from a developmental and cultural perspective.

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 Keywords

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality Traits, Big Five, Adults, Psychological Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The poetry of William Wordsworth occupies a pivotal place in the intellectual history of Romanticism, particularly in its reconfiguration of the relationship between human consciousness and the natural world. Romantic criticism has often interpreted Wordsworth's nature philosophy through European intellectual traditions such as idealism, pantheism, and Christian mysticism. Yet the conceptual vocabulary through which Wordsworth articulates the unity between mind and nature also invites comparison with philosophical insights articulated in the Upanishads, especially the idea of an underlying spiritual unity between individual consciousness and universal reality. The Upanishadic conception of Atman as identical with Brahman presents a non-dual understanding of existence in which the apparent distinction between subject and object dissolves within a deeper metaphysical unity. Wordsworth's major poems frequently evoke a similar intuition of inward presence within nature, suggesting that consciousness participates in a living spiritual continuum that transcends material perception. This study examines selected poems including Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey, The Prelude, and Ode: Intimations of Immortality, exploring how Wordsworth's representation of nature resonates with philosophical structures comparable to Vedantic non-duality. The analysis proceeds through close reading informed by comparative philosophy and Romantic literary criticism. Rather than proposing direct textual borrowing, the discussion approaches these resonances as conceptual affinities that illuminate the metaphysical depth of Wordsworth's poetic imagination. By situating Wordsworth's poetry within a broader philosophical conversation between Western Romanticism and Indian metaphysical thought, the study contributes to a more globally situated understanding of Romantic nature philosophy and demonstrates how poetic language can function as a medium for exploring the unity of consciousness and existence.

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 Keywords

Wordsworth, Romanticism, Upanishads, Advaita Vedanta, Nature Philosophy, Consciousness, Non-duality, Romantic Ecology, Comparative Philosophy

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 Abstract

Coil winding is a critical manufacturing process in the electrical and electronics industry, widely used in the production of transformers, inductors, relays, solenoids, and motor windings. Conventional manual coil winding methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to human errors such as inconsistent turn count and non-uniform winding tension, which directly affect product quality and performance. To overcome these limitations, this project presents the design and development of a low-cost, microcontroller-based Automatic Coil Winding Machine that ensures precise turn counting, improved accuracy, and enhanced operational efficiency.

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 Keywords

Stepper Motor Control, DC Motor Drive, Microcontroller-Based System, Arduino Controller

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study examines the impact of higher education on women's attitudes towards marriage. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected through an online survey using the Marital Attitude Scale (MAS). Participants were grouped based on educational qualification (graduates and postgraduates and above). Data were analyzed using R software, and an independent samples t-test was conducted to compare group differences. Findings suggest that higher education influences women's perceptions and expectations regarding marriage.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Higher education; women; marital attitude; marriage perception; Marital Attitude Scale (MAS)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition