Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Skin diseases, which affect millions of individuals worldwide, pose a significant health risk if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Early detection of skin diseases such as melanoma, eczema, and psoriasis is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown remarkable promise in automating the diagnosis of skin diseases through image analysis. This paper presents a CNN-based approach to detect and classify various skin conditions from clinical images. The proposed system uses a deep convolutional architecture to extract meaningful features from high-resolution skin images and classify them into different categories. The model is trained on a large dataset of labeled images, incorporating both dermatological knowledge and neural network capabilities. The results demonstrate that the CNN model achieves high accuracy and efficiency in detecting skin diseases, outperforming traditional image processing techniques and providing a potential tool for assisting dermatologists in clinical settings

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 Keywords

Skin disease detection, Convolutional neural network, Multimodel learning, Deep learning, Image classification

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Background and Aim: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition marked by the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation. It is increasingly prevalent, particularly in India, and influenced by factors such as diet, stress, lifestyle, and obesity. While conventional treatments like antacids and proton pump inhibitors offer temporary relief, they may not be ideal for long-term use due to potential side effects. Homeopathy, focusing on treating the root cause and restoring balance, offers an alternative approach. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the homeopathic remedy Nux vomica in managing GERD. Method: A clinical study was conducted on 30 GERD patients selected through simple random sampling from OPD/IPD, peripheral OPDs, and health camps. Diagnosis was confirmed using a standardized GERD questionnaire. Detailed case histories were recorded, and Nux vomica was prescribed based on symptom similarity. Symptom scores were noted before and after treatment using the same questionnaire to assess changes. Results: Out of 30 patients, 23 showed significant improvement in symptoms, including reduced heartburn, regurgitation, and decreased dependence on antacids. Seven patients did not show notable changes. The findings suggest a promising role of Nux vomica in alleviating GERD symptoms. Conclusion: The study indicates that Nux vomica may be effective in managing GERD, offering a natural alternative with fewer side effects. Larger, controlled studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore its broader therapeutic potential

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 Keywords

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, GERD, Nux vomica, GERD questionnaire, Homeopathy

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Public opinion serves as a crucial mechanism for gauging the needs and desires of society. In a democratic republic like India, understanding the sentiments of citizens is vital for effective governance. Legislators have the responsibility to enact laws that reflect these public needs, ensuring that the legislation is not only acceptable but also supported by the populace. When legislators take public opinion into account, they can craft laws that resonate with citizens and are more likely to gain acceptance. There are numerous instances in history where legislation was rejected because it failed to consider public sentiment, leading to the withdrawal of such laws. This highlights the importance of public opinion in the legislative process. In this research paper, the focus will be on defining public opinion and its significance, drawing upon insights from various jurists. Additionally, the paper will explore the relevance of public opinion within the context of democracy and the legal framework. The advantages and disadvantages of public opinion in shaping a democratic government will also be discussed, providing a comprehensive overview of its impact on governance. The primary objective of this paper is to highlight the main issue of non-recognition of public opinion while making nay policy. In this paper the research the researcher use the doctrinal method of research for collecting data and also analyze various reports as a secondary data for validate the facts of this paper.

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 Keywords

Public Opinion, Democracy, Legislation, Government, Advantages.

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Traditional vehicles often exhibit understeer or oversteer, which cannot be automatically corrected by conventional steering systems. This limits the vehicle's ability to maintain neutral steering under various driving conditions. The introduction of a four-wheel steering (4WS) system aims to overcome these challenges by improving maneuverability and achieving near-neutral steering. In scenarios such as low-speed cornering, navigating through heavy traffic, or parking in tight spaces, vehicles with longer wheelbases face difficulty due to a larger turning radius. By integrating a 4WS mechanism, the turning radius can be significantly reduced, enhancing the vehicle's agility and control. This project focuses on designing and implementing a mechanical four-wheel steering system that allows the rear wheels to turn in coordination with the front wheels. Depending on the driving condition, the rear wheels can steer either in the same direction or opposite to the front wheels, improving vehicle handling, stability, and parking convenience. Although traditional mechanical 4WS systems are complex and not widely used, some advanced models like the Honda Prelude and Nissan Skyline GT-R have adopted them with success. Our proposed system introduces a simplified, three-mode interchangeable 4WS mechanism that transmits the steering input to the rear wheels, replicating the front-wheel steering action. The system is developed to provide better control and minimize turning effort, particularly in constrained environments.

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Efficiency, radius, vehicular, steering, mechanism, equipped, parking.

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In the present times, the intelligence quotient of students has increased through better technology and medical methods, but if seen critically today, it seems to have an adverse effect on the self-control learning of students. The main reason for this is the devaluation of the practice of self-study in the current generation. Such literature comes under self-study which helps to express our existence. Such clues are obtained from such literature, which can provide new direction in the state of development of our consciousness. That is, self-study is a method of knowing oneself. It is the art of studying life. Therefore, self-study is that which is neither done to kill time nor to increase intellectual knowledge. Although it appears like study, its effect does not end only on the intellect, but through the intellect, it starts affecting all the dimensions of life. This makes it clear that self-study is not reading or study and is not their synonym. Reading, information collection and study are limited only to intellectual development. Whereas self-study is a deep process of grooming and polishing one's understanding, direction and perspective of life. Under this research, the researcher has to study the effect of self-study on secondary level students and present its positive benefits to the public so that the present generation can benefit from it.

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Self-control learning, devaluation, self-study, self-teaching, good literature.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This article provides a detailed overview of the techniques and methods used to solve higher-order ordinary differential equations having coefficients that remain constant. The article begins by introducing the general form of higher order differential equations and explaining the concept of constant coefficients. Next, the article presents the characteristic of equation and its roots, which are used to determine the nature of the solutions. The article then goes on to discuss the three possible cases: distinct and real roots, complex conjugate roots, and repeated roots, and present the general solution for each case, including examples to illustrate the application of the method. The article concludes with a brief discussion of applications of higher-order differential equations in engineering and physics. The aim of this article is to provide a clear and concise guide for students and researchers interested in this important topic.

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Third-order differential equations, Constant coefficients, Homogeneous linear equations,Real and distinct roots, Complex conjugate roots, Repeated roots .

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Dry Line Marking Machines are an essential tool in various industries, including road construction, sports fields, warehouses, and factories. These machines help in ensuring the precise application of lines and markings on different surfaces, enhancing safety, organization, and efficiency. This research explores the features, types, applications, advantages, limitations, and technological advancements of manual line marking machines. Additionally, it investigates the factors influencing the adoption of such machines and their role in improving accuracy and productivity in their respective fields.

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Infrastructure, Ergonomics, precision, essential, Weather Dependency

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Chandradhar Sharma Guleri's short story Usne Kaha Tha (1915) is often hailed as the first modern Hindi short story. It explores themes of love, memory, promise, and martyrdom in the backdrop of colonial India and the First World War. This paper attempts a critical interpretation of Usne Kaha Tha through the interconnected lenses of memory, emotional obligation, and sacrificial heroism. By examining the protagonist's personal journey from romantic longing to selfless sacrifice, the paper underscores how memory becomes a moral compass, the promise a moral burden, and martyrdom a fulfillment of both love and duty. Drawing upon historical, literary, and psychological perspectives, this study places Guleri's work in a broader cultural and literary context.

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Memory, Promise, Martyrdom, Ethics, Duty, Sacrifice, Love

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Open Box Delivery (OBD) has emerged as a customer-centric solution in e-commerce, offering buyers the opportunity to inspect products before acceptance. This study investigates how OBD impacts consumer trust, particularly with regard to product authenticity, reduced returns, and overall satisfaction. The research involved 125 respondents from India, focusing on their perceptions, experiences, and expectations related to OBD. Findings reveal that OBD builds trust by reducing uncertainty and offering transparency, especially for high-value products. Recommendations include improving awareness, enhancing return policies, and training delivery personnel.

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Open Box Delivery, Consumer Trust, E-Commerce, Online Shopping, Customer Experience.

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By emphasizing marginalized kids and fusing themes of identity, civic duty, and teenage problems, Jason Reynolds' Spider-Man and G. Willow Wilson's Ms. Marvel: No Normal rethink conventional superhero narratives. By providing more inclusive representations based on cultural specificity and emotional authenticity, both works challenge the long-standing dominance of white male protagonists in superhero literature. Reynolds explores the emotional struggles of Miles, a young Black and Puerto Rican youngster negotiating systemic racism and imposter syndrome, using a reflective literary style. Wilson, on the other side, depicts Kamala Khan, a Pakistani-American Muslim adolescent, juggling faith, familial expectations, and the quest for self-identity in the medium of graphic novels. Both heroes face unique yet widely relevant difficulties that redefine heroism beyond superpowers. While Kamala balances cultural and religious demands, Miles struggles with social hurdles. Their experiences highlight the value of accepting one's heritage while pursuing an independent career. The superhero paradigm has changed, moving away from the lone savior and toward one based on empathy, community, and resiliency. The notion that heroism entails integrity and the bravery to defend one's beliefs, not only physical power or ability, is further supported by their familial and community relationships. These characters' influence on representation and identity development accounts for their larger prominence. Miles addresses topics of race, class, and institutional injustice, giving Black and Latino youth a crucial voice. For Muslim and immigrant communities, Kamala marks a turning point in popular literature. When taken as a whole, these tales demonstrate how superhero fiction has developed to feature nuanced, realistic representations that encourage readers to accept who they are and take charge of their own lives.

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 Keywords

Identity, adolescence, responsibility, community, family, determination.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition