Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The present study aimed to examine gender differences in psychological stress, adjustment, and coping strategies among married individuals living in joint families. A comparative research design was employed. The sample consisted of 40 married individuals, including 20 men and 20 women, selected using purposive sampling from joint family settings. Standardized psychological instruments were used to assess levels of stress, adjustment, and coping strategies. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, specifically the independent samples t-test. The results revealed significant gender differences across all three variables. Married women reported significantly higher levels of psychological stress, whereas married men demonstrated better psychological adjustment and more effective coping strategies. The effect size analysis (Cohen's d) indicated large practical significance for all differences observed. These findings highlight the impact of traditional gender roles and family dynamics within joint family systems, which may place greater psychological demands on women. The study underscores the need for targeted psychological interventions and support systems to enhance coping and adjustment, particularly among women in joint family environments.

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 Keywords

Psychological Stress, Adjustment, Coping Strategies, Gender Differences, Joint Family System

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In the 19th century, the indenture system relocated numerous Indians, later known as the Girmitiya community, to nations like Fiji, Mauritius, and Guyana. Alongside their socio-religious customs, these migrants transported traditional Indian physical practices. This qualitative, descriptive study explores how this diaspora preserved indigenous sports such as Pehlwani, Kabaddi, and Kho-Kho. Drawing a historical parallel with the monk Bodhidharma's transmission of martial arts to China, the research illustrates how physical culture travels and adapts globally. Ultimately, it highlights how these traditional games successfully maintained cultural identity and fostered community cohesion among migrant descendants.

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 Keywords

Girmitiya Diaspora, Indigenous Sports, Cultural Identity, Traditional Physical Culture (Kalaripattu), Diaspora Heritage.

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 Abstract

Niti nirman me mahilao ki bhagidari : pratikatmak maujudgi se prabhavi netrutva tak

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Niti nirman me mahilao ki bhagidari : pratikatmak maujudgi se prabhavi netrutva tak

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Nursing professionals play a vital role in maintaining the quality and safety of patient care. However, increasing workload and occupational stress have become major concerns in healthcare systems worldwide. This study aims to examine the relationship between nurses' workload, stress levels, and the quality of patient care delivered. A quantitative research design was used, involving a structured questionnaire distributed among registered nurses in hospital settings. The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between excessive workload and quality of care, with stress acting as a mediating factor. The study highlights the urgent need for healthcare organizations to address staffing shortages, promote mental well-being, and implement supportive policies to enhance nursing performance and patient outcomes.

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 Keywords

quality care, occupational stress

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Despite its global reach, the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) often struggles to account for the learner diversity found in real classrooms. This paper argues that Differentiated Instruction (DI) offers a principled bridge between CEFR standards and inclusive practice, allowing educators to adapt content, process, product, and learning environment without compromising alignment to proficiency benchmarks. Drawing on the shared commitments of both frameworks -- learner-centeredness, formative assessment, and pedagogical flexibility -- the paper outlines concrete DI strategies across all six CEFR levels (A1-C2), including tiered tasks, choice boards, and scaffolded assessment designs. Empirical evidence suggests that well-implemented DI reduces affective barriers, sustains engagement, and accelerates proficiency development, with particular gains among learners with special educational needs, migrant backgrounds, or low prior attainment. The paper also addresses structural constraints -- teacher workload, class size, and the scarcity of DI-compatible CEFR materials -- and considers how these can be mitigated through policy reform, targeted professional development, and purposeful resource design. The overall case is that systematic differentiation within a CEFR curriculum is not merely accommodative but transformative, enabling authentic inclusion and measurable learning outcomes.

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INCLUSIVE LEARNING: EMPLOYING DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION FOR CEFR SUCCESS

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This paper examines denied cremations in Baby Kamble's The Prisons We Broke (2008) as material testimony against caste violence, where Dalit flesh barred from purifying pyre flames becomes an archival negativity. Through close readings of cholera pits, live-buried infants and widow flesh economies, Kamble transforms earth burial from ritual absence into subaltern witness: grandparents interred beside cattle, decomposing limbs marking defecation fields, maternal hands covering presumed-dead children.

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 Keywords

Baby Kamble, Dalit autobiography, funeral pyre materiality, caste ritual ecology, subaltern testimony, thing theory

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The current study aims to explore the association between resilience, perceived social support, and emotional well-being among college students. Emotional well-being is considered to be a significant factor in the psychological well-being of college students, as they often experience academic, social, and personal challenges during their college life. Resilience and perceived social support are psychological factors that may greatly contribute to the psychological well-being of college students. Resilience is defined as the ability to cope effectively with challenges and recover from stressful events, whereas perceived social support is defined as the psychological resources that support emotional and interpersonal stability. The current study aims to examine the predictive role of resilience and perceived social support on emotional well-being among college students. A total of 360 college students were selected from different academic disciplines. Standardized psychological scales were used to measure resilience, perceived social support, and emotional well-being. The findings of the current study are expected to contribute to the better understanding of psychological factors affecting emotional well-being among college students.

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Resilience, Perceived Social Support, Emotional Well-Being, College Students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agricultural Price Prediction, Machine Learning, Random Forest Regression, Artificial Intelligence,Market Trend Analysis, Commodity Price Forecasting ,Farmer Decision Support System,Smart Farming, Crop Price Forecasting, Indian Agriculture, Precision Agriculture

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This comprehensive study undertakes a detailed analysis of the concept of justice during the Vedic Period (1500-500 BCE), the foundational epoch of Indian jurisprudence and philosophical thought. Moving beyond modern positivist notions of law, this article argues that Vedic justice was conceived as a cosmic imperative rooted in the principle of ?ta (??), the universal order governing both nature and morality. Through an extensive examination of original Sanskrit hymns from the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Atharva Veda, and the Brahmana texts, this research explores the metaphysical foundations of justice, the sources of legal authority, and the institutional mechanisms for adjudication. The study examines the role of the king (rajan) as the earthly guardian of divine law, the significance of popular assemblies (sabha and samiti), and the procedural reliance on witnesses (sakshi), oaths (sapatha), and ordeals (divya). Furthermore, it analyzes how the concepts of rina (debt) and dharma (duty) extended legal obligation beyond the human realm into cosmic and ancestral dimensions. The article also critically examines the emergence of the var?a system and its implications for the differential application of justice. The analysis reveals that the Vedic understanding of justice established an enduring paradigm wherein law, religion, ritual, and cosmic harmony were inseparably united, bequeathing a rich legacy to subsequent Indian legal traditions.

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Keywords : Vedic Period, Justice, ?ta, Dharma, Sanskrit, Ancient Indian Jurisprudence, Rig Veda.

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The shift in the direction of sustainable and decentralized power generation has placed solar-based microgrids as a key solution to the growing global energy demand, as well as the environmental crisis posed by the use of fossil fuels. Nevertheless, environmental intermittency and inability to have real-time access to the electrical and thermal parameters often undermine the operational effectiveness of these microgrids. The study includes the design and implementation of a combined Renewable Energy Monitoring System with the ESP32 microcontroller and Internet of Things (IoT) protocols. The architecture proposed takes advantage of the high-precision sensing units: the ACS712 Hall-effect current sensor and the voltage attenuation circuits to obtain real-time data of the system health. The framework presents a multidimensional study of the photovoltaic (PV) performance through the incorporation of environmental sensors to measure temperature and humidity. The experimental findings, visualised with the help of a specialised web-based dashboard, prove that the system can detect suboptimal operating conditions, including overvoltage or thermal stress, with a high degree of accuracy. Intelligent control and fault isolation through the addition of an automated control layer through relay modules will provide greater resilience to microgrids. This paper will give a detailed technical description of the hardware-software synergy of the system, which is an alternative to standard SCADA-based monitoring that is scalable and cost-effective in residential and rural applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Renewable Energy, Internet of Things, Solar PV, Microgrids, ESP32, Power Forecasting, Fault Detection, Energy Management System (EMS)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition