Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) such as coma, vegetative state and minimally conscious state are difficult to assess and manage clinically. Most traditional assessments for diagnosis are subjective and therefore not very effective in terms of diagnosis and management. In the past few years, machine learning has become the very revolutionary tool in neuroscience that has contributed a lot to improving the effectiveness and accuracy of diagnosis. With ML, subjective assessments can be avoided because of their capability to prove the fact of differences amongst various DoC states through extensive analysis of complex neuroimaging and electrophysiological data. The paper offers a review of machine learning applications for detecting DoC-in-brain injuries with respect to already existing methodologies, algorithms, mathematical models, evaluation metrics, and results obtained through ML approaches. It, also, discusses the limits of the presently available methods and gives an accuracy chart that compares and contrasts various ML models. The further findings demonstrate how artificial intelligence could change the way DoC is diagnosed and prognosed, opening the way for the reliable, scalable, and data-driven assessment of DoC.

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 Keywords

Brain Disorders, Machine Learning, Electrophysiological, Consciousness Disorders

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Art refers to a diverse variety of human creations, activities, and expressions that are either appealing or attractive to the finer senses or bear some impact to the mind of an individual. Accordingly, art encompasses a huge range of forms, visual and performing. Craft is the handwork of people, done aesthetically, imparting a touch of elegance and beauty to it. India has a great history of art and craft traditions. Each part of the country has its own unique cultural ethos, which is manifested in the handicrafts of that particular region. Indian crafts and handicraft traditions are influenced by local topography, climate, and socio-religious factors. These craft traditions have withstood the ravages of time and numerous foreign invasions and continue to flourish till date owing to the assimilative nature of Indian culture and broadmindedness of the craftsmen to accept and use new ideas. Indian craft tradition has no parallel in the world, in diversity as well as in technique and use of materials. The craft traditions of India vary from region to region. These crafts cater to the day-to -day needs of the people and also used for decorative and religious purposes. The history of Indian handicrafts is an old saga. The traces of Indian handicrafts goes back to almost 5000 years from now. The first references to Indian handicrafts can be found from the Indus Valley Civilization (3000 B.C.-1700 B.C.). The craft tradition in India has revolved around religious beliefs, local needs of the common people, as well as the special needs of the patrons and royalty, along with foreign and domestic trade.

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handicraft ,traditions,Indian craft

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Kajal is used as an eye-catcher and was formerly known as surma. The idea behind the creation of herbal kajal using medicinal herb for enhancement is a fresh and creative method. The main advantages of these cosmetics are improved patient compliance, increased durability, water resistance, and an affordable shaping curve.

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surma, kajal, Anethum graveolens seeds,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The real estate sector is highly susceptible to anti-competitive practices, including market dominance and price manipulation, which distort fair competition, inflate property prices, and limit market accessibility. This dissertation provides a legal analysis of monopolistic behaviour, collusion, and other unfair trade practices that undermine competition in real estate markets. By examining key legal frameworks, case law, and regulatory responses, the study explores the impact of price-fixing, bid-rigging, and predatory pricing on property values and consumer choice. The research evaluates the role of dominant firms and financial institutions in shaping market conditions through exclusionary tactics and artificial price inflation. It also highlights regulatory loopholes and enforcement challenges that allow anti-competitive conduct to persist. A comparative analysis of different jurisdictions assesses the effectiveness of antitrust laws and competition authorities in addressing these issues. Findings indicate that weak enforcement and regulatory gaps contribute to ongoing price distortions and restricted market access. This study advocates for stronger legal mechanisms, enhanced market transparency, and improved enforcement strategies to ensure fair competition. By providing legal and policy recommendations, this dissertation contributes to the discourse on competition law and regulatory reforms aimed at fostering a more transparent and accessible real estate market.

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 Keywords

Real Estate, Competition Law, Competition Commission of India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The food service industry has been revolutionized by the integration of online food ordering platforms, which provide enhanced convenience and efficiency for both consumers and restaurateurs. This comprehensive review examines the creation of web-based food ordering systems utilizing the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack. The fullstack JavaScript architecture of MERN enables developers to construct highly responsive, scalable, and secure web applications that address the needs of both users and businesses. The paper examines crucial elements such as user authentication, flexible menu management, instantaneous order processing, and secure payment integration, all implemented within the MERN framework. Furthermore, the study investigates challenges related to data protection, performance enhancement, and cloud-based deployment. The survey also delves into recent technological advancements, including the incorporation of AI-powered features like customized suggestions and anticipatory ordering, within the context of MERN-based applications. This research aims to offer a thorough examination of the capabilities and constraints of employing the MERN stack for developing robust online food ordering systems, emphasizing the advantages for developers, businesses, and end-users.

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 Keywords

Online Food Ordering, MERN Stack, Secure Payment Processing, Order Management, Web Development, Scalability, JWT Authentication.

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In the digital age of today, children make up a huge and basic segment of the population on the web. Children are spending even more time on the Internet .As a result of excessive use of computers and the internet children are becoming more vulnerable to cybercrime including bullying, data theft, fraud, harassment and other harmful behaviour and content. Cases of online sexual abuse and exploitation of children have surged in India and worldwide .Although the government is taking all the possible efforts to tackle the menace of cybercrime against children, yet a lot has to be done. The present study aimed at exploring the problem of cybercrime against children in India. This is a comparative study based on doctrinal method dealing with data collected from primary as well as secondary resources. This research is descriptive and analytical in nature. The objective of this study is to explore, examine andanalyze the legal provisions regarding cybercrime against children.

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Child,Cyber crime,Cyber security,Online crime,

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This paper focuses on the fabrication of an electric-powered Go-Kart aimed at achieving a balance between lightweight construction, durability, safety and high performance. The Go-Kart is specifically designed for racing on level circuits and features a simple layout comprising four wheels, a seat, steering mechanism and braking system excluding suspension and differential systems to reduce complexity and weight. The vehicle is powered by an electric battery offering an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fuel-powered models. The model emphasizes four key aspects i.e. durability, safety, lightweight construction and high performance. The chassis is fabricated using mild steel pipes, selected for their balance between strength and weight, ensuring a rigid and safe framework. Careful consideration has been given to the material selection and chassis design to provide mechanical strength and stability under racing conditions. The outcome is a reliable, efficient, and performance-oriented electric Go-Kart, suitable for competitive racing on smooth, level tracks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Emphasizing the legal systems and regulations controlling the acquisition, use, and distribution of children's data, this paper investigates the evolving dynamics of children's privacy in the digital age. Emphasizing the challenges in balancing the protection of children's rights with the demands of online commerce, this study investigates the consequences of international legal frameworks including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) in the United States as well as various national legislation. Particular focus is on the nuances of parental consent, the definition of age criterion for agreement, and the growing concerns about online behavioural advertising targeted at minors. Emphasising parental assent and the age of majority, the growing legislative frameworks--best shown by the Digital Personal Data Protection Act in India--recognize the need of flexibility in the treatment of children's data. Particularly with age limitations and content moderation, this study systematically examines the complex balance between protecting children's rights and enabling safe digital engagement. The paper discusses the need of openness, privacy by design, and data protection impact assessments in the safeguarding of personal data of children. It supports a more complex and flexible approach for data protection that considers children's evolving cognitive and developmental capacities as well as their rights to privacy and freedom of expression against too invasive intrusion. Emphasizing their practical relevance and the impact of future technologies on children's online experiences, it finally assesses the effectiveness of present regulatory systems in providing enough protection.

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Keywords: Children's privacy, data protection, GDPR, COPPA, parental consent, online advertising, privacy by design, legal frameworks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Skip the Line is a web-based standalone application designed to modernize the medicine dispensing process in hospitals by eliminating the need for physical queues. It enables seamless interaction between patients, pharmacy staff, and administrators through an intuitive interface. Patients can register, log in, and upload prescriptions as in-patients or out- patients. Each prescription receives a unique tracking ID, allowing users to monitor their request status in real-time. The system also integrates online payment functionality via Razor pay, ensuring a smooth and secure checkout experience. Built using Python Flask for the back end and MySQL for database management, the application also features email notifications using SMTP and PDF bill generation via the ReportLab library. An admin dashboard allows hospital staff to manage prescriptions, update inventory, track user logins, change statuses, and generate bills. Additionally, a built-in chat bot enhances user experience by addressing frequently asked qustions related to medicines, uploads, payments, and system usage. Overall, the platform aims to reduce patient waiting times, enhance operational efficiency, and provide a secure, contact less pharmacy experience. This solution aims to improve patient satisfaction by optimizing the pharmacy workflow and reducing wait times, ultimately enhancing the overall hospital experience

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 Keywords

Medicine Dispensing System Hospital Pharmacy Automation Queue Management Web-Based Healthcare Application Prescription Tracking Patient-Centric Systems Flask Web Framework MySQL Database Razorpay Integration PDF Bill Generation Email Notifications (SMTP) Admin Dashboard Inventory Management Healthcare Chatbot Real-Time Status Monitoring Contactless Pharmacy Solution Healthcare Workflow Optimization Patient Satisfaction Digital Prescription Upload In-Patient and Out-Patient Ser

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India's relationship with narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is complex, considering its historical, cultural, and geographical background. Although the nation has used some narcotic substances such as opium and cannabis for medicinal and religious purposes historically, the increasing trend of drug abuse and trafficking has made it imperative to adopt stringent legal policies. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act) is the main legislation controlling, regulating, and punishing narcotic drugs in India.

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TRACING THE ORIGIN AND SIGNIFICANCE OF NDPS ACT: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

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