Volume 12 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

E-commerce has profoundly transformed traditional markets and brick-and-mortar businesses, driven by technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences. This investigation explores the multifaceted impact of e-commerce on traditional marketplaces, discussing both its advantages and challenges. The rise of online retail has reshaped consumer behavior, supply chains, and competition dynamics within traditional retail sectors. While e-commerce presents challenges such as increased rivalry and changing consumer habits, it also offers opportunities for traditional retailers to adopt omnichannel strategies and enhance the overall shopping experience. Balancing online and offline operations remains a key challenge for traditional retailers seeking to thrive in an increasingly digital world.

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 Keywords

E-commerce, Traditional markets, Consumer behavior, Supply chain, Digital transformation. Adaptation

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The IPC Chatbot offers information about crimes, penalties, and pertinent portions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) to help users with law-related queries. Users can enter the name of a crime, and the chatbot will retrieve the relevant details by using a CSV dataset. Its multilingual translations improve accessibility, and its intuitive interface makes interacting with it simple. IPC Chatbot, which uses Flask and the Google Translate API, makes suggestions for offenses, presents information when an item is selected, and provides translations. Its goal is to make legal information easier to obtain, which will increase its usefulness for rapid and precise insights into crimes and penalties. All things considered, the IPC Chatbot provides a useful platform for legal information and is an effective instrument for comprehending different facets of the law.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Indian Penal Code, Google Trans, Multilingual, Law.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The study aims to examine the impacts caused by climate change on gender dimensions of population. The study involves analysing the outcome based on the mixed methods and using the empirical analysis to derive at a conclusion. The population of the study involves the climate change analysts at various government and non- governmental organisations across the state of odisha. The study involves 85 male participants and 85 female participants which totals to 170 climate change analyst working in various government and NGOs. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS- AMOS. The path modeling was used for analysis the perception of climate change experts towards the impacts caused by climate change on gender. It is essential to achieve equality not just between the sexes, but also between different socioeconomic classes, ages, races, and species in order to modify the existing social contracts and find a solution to the climatic issue. The promotion of equality presents a challenge to the power relations that have been created, and as a result, it may be a challenging endeavor. It is only through the passage of time that will be able to determine whether or not the climate catastrophe offers significant opportunities for enabling systemic reform based on gender.

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 Keywords

Climate Change, Global Warming, Gender Gap, Gender Innovation and Gender Vulnerability.

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Hair is a crucial aspect of identity, contributing to self-worth and confidence. It is a modified epithelial structure formed through keratinization of germinative cells, growing as outgrowths of skin follicles. Factors like infections, autoimmune disorders, chemicals, medications, diabetes, trauma, poor circulation, diet, and malnutrition can lead to hair loss. Symptoms include breakage, gradual loss, especially at the crown. Fenugreek, rich in vitamins and nutrients, nourishes hair follicles and boosts blood flow to the scalp, aiding hair growth and reducing hormonal imbalance-induced hair loss. Hemp, with cannabinoids like CBD, stimulates hair follicle cells and enhances effects of treatments like finasteride. Onion oil, high in sulphur, strengthens hair and prevents loss by promoting collagen production. These herbs have beneficial chemical qualities for hair growth and scalp health maintenance when combined into an oil.

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 Keywords

Hair, Hair re-growth, Scalp, Hair fall, Oil, Fenugreek, Cannabis, Onion.

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Controlling bulk characteristics involves manipulating the network of intermolecular interaction during crystallization take the shape of an electrostatic hierarchy. The main regulator of crystal organization is strong hydrogen bonding. The molecular layers or columns are typically formed by the greatest intermolecular connections, and the slip plane by the weakest contacts. For instance, the hydrogen bond donors and acceptors that border the benzene ring cause the formation of lengthy chains or layers of acetaminophen molecules. Acetaminophen's weaker interchain or interlayer interactions took less energy to break than hydrogen bonds did. Consequently, a slip plane is created.

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Crystal Engineering, Molecular layers, Intermolecular Interactions

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This paper explores the unique narrative techniques Girish Karnard used his play, Nagamandala. This play is based on two folk tales of Kannada. In order to cast the folktale and myth into a drama, Karnad has used the traditional techniques of folk theatre like the use of the magical elements, supernatural qualities of human and non-human, etc. The narrator of the Nagamandala is a "story" and it is told to a man. The flames in the play, typically depict the nature of Indian women who, gather at a place after the household chores and refresh themselves. The flames tell each other what has happened at their house, why they had to come either early or late to the temple, etc. Karnad has indirectly used sarcasm to explain that the woman does not hold back the truth and it is the nature of the woman in the Indian villages to gather around in the evening and discuss or gossip about each other. The socio-cultural practices of the society in the play are enriched by using both the myth and the folklore form. Karnad employs modern theatrical techniques to bring the mythical tale to life on stage.

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 Keywords

folklore, supernatural, narrative techniques, socio-cultural Practices, the flames

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mysuru Wodeyara Ashwadala

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The Flipped Classroom Method (FCM) has gained momentum in educational discourse for its potential to foster inclusive and diverse learning environments. By reversing traditional pedagogical approaches, the FCM prioritizes active engagement, personalized learning, and collaborative problem-solving. This thematic paper examines the theoretical foundations, practical applications, and implications of employing the FCM to enhance inclusivity and diversity in educational settings. Drawing from literature across disciplines, this paper explores how the FCM addresses diverse learning needs, promotes equitable access to education, and cultivates a culture of respect and understanding among students from various backgrounds. Furthermore, it investigates strategies for effectively implementing the FCM to accommodate diverse learning styles, cultural backgrounds and abilities. Through critical analysis and synthesis of existing research, this paper provides insights into leveraging the FCM as a tool for creating equitable and inclusive learning environments that empower all students to thrive.

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Flipped Classroom Method (FCM), Inclusive Learning Environments, Diversity, Equity, Active Learning, Personalized Learning, Collaborative Problem-Solving

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sedition laws have been prevalent in India since the time of British rule. The British used these laws to stop people from speaking out dissenting opinions that vary from their opinions and to keep control over India. They introduced Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code in 1870, which gave them wide ranging authority to silence anyone who spoke against colonial rule. Even after independence, these laws persisted, drawing criticism for their stifling effect on free speech and democratic discourse. While landmark cases like Kedarnath Singh upheld the constitutional validity of sedition laws, judicial interpretations have varied, leading to inconsistency and ambiguity in their application. This lack of clarity underscores the urgent need for a more coherent framework to interpret and apply sedition law in India, balancing national security that concerns the protection of fundamental freedoms. Recent cases like SG Vombatkere, where the court placed a stay on the sedition law, highlights the ongoing efforts to reassess and potentially reform these contentious laws on the subject of sedition. This paper will help in understanding the complexities of sedition laws and analysing the judicial interpretation of several case laws prior to and after the independence of India.

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Dissent, Freedom of Speech, Kedarnath judgement, Sedition laws, Tendency.

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In this world every human being is connected with karma or action. No one can live without action. In the Gita Lord Krishna explained 'karma Yoga' when Arjun wanted to exit from the battlefield. The word 'Karma' means 'action' and 'yoga' means generally meditation or some breathing exercise. But in the Gita 'Yoga' means the skill of union. According to the Gita 'Karma Yoga' refers to all human duties or activities performing without any attachments. Karma Yoga is mainly based on Niskama Karma. Non-attachment action is Niskama Karma, which is done without egoistic attachment to the result thereof. Such Niskama Karma frees us from all bondage and helps us attain God. According to Gita every human being has rights only in action, not in results. So every human being should give up the desire for action's result. Immanuel Kant is a famous philosopher in Western ethics. The three main points of his ethics are- the notion of Goodwill, the notion of Duty for duty's sake and the notion of Categorical Imperative. According to Kant, a will that is good in its own quality without conditions is a good will. The act of good will is to act according to the dictates of conscience. Only goodwill is good. According to Kant, every man must be morally completed, not controlled by any motive. Man will act only according to the dictates of his conscience. Which implies duty for duty's sake in morality. A moral Law is a universal Law that everyone should obey. Such a Law is Categorical Imperative that everyone should obey without any condition. According to Kant, moral action is the doing of duty for duty's sake under the dictates of conscience motivated by Goodwill. In this paper, I have tried to make a comparative discussion between Karma Yoga of Gita and Kant's theory of ethics.

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 Keywords

Karma Yoga, Niskama Karma, Gita, Good will, Categorical Imperative, Kant, Karma, Duty.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition