Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in utilizing machine learning techniques to identify medicinal plants. This paper presents an overview of the methodologies and advancements in the field of medicinal plant identification using machine learning techniques. The process involves feature extraction and classification using supervised learning techniques like Random Forest, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Deep Learning models. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of data augmentation, transfer learning, and model interpretability in improving the accuracy and reliability of medicinal plant identification systems. In addition to identification, our system incorporates a recommendation feature based on cosine similarity, which suggests similar medicinal plants based on textual input or plant properties, aiding users in discovering alternative options with similar therapeutic uses. To enhance accessibility and usability across diverse user groups, a translation module powered by the Google ML Kit Translation formation in multiple languages. Overall, our research demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of using machine learning techniques for the automated identification and recommendation of medicinal plants. By combining botanical knowledge with advanced computational methods, we pave the way for efficient, multilingual, and reliable identification systems, thereby encouraging the conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plant resources. Lastly, future directions and opportunities for research in this domain are proposed, emphasizing the integration of multi-modal data sources, development of user-friendly applications, and deployment of robust and scalable models for real-world applications in healthcare and conservation. Key Words - Machine Learning Algorithm, CNN, Google ML Kit, Cosine Similarity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning Algorithm, CNN, Google ML Kit, Cosine Similarity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

An unsolicited means of digital communications in the internet world is the spam email, which could be sent to an individual or a group of individuals or a company. These spam emails may cause serious threat to the user i.e., the email addresses used for any online registrations may be collected by the malignant third parties (spammers) and they expose the genuine user to various kinds of attacks. Another method of spamming is by creating a temporary email register and receive emails that can be terminated after some certain amount of time. This method is well suited for misusing those temporary email addresses for sending free spam emails without revealing the spammers real account details. These attacks create major problems like theft of user credentials, lack of storage, etc. Hence it is essential to introduce an efficient detection mechanism through feature extraction classification for detecting spam emails and temporary email addresses. This can be accomplished through a novel Natural Language Processing based social media platform and email (NLP-RF) approach. With the help of our proposed approach, the spam emails are reduced and this method improves the accuracy of spam email filtering, since the use of NLP makes the system to detect the natural languages spoken by people and the Random Forest approach uses multiple decision trees and uses a random node for filtering the spams.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Email, Spam, Temporal email, Natural Language Processing, and social media platform

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The adoption of work-from-home (WFH) policies, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has transformed traditional work mode across industries. This shift has driven significant interest in understanding its effect on employee productivity and job satisfaction. This study explores how remote working mode influence individual and organizational outcomes, highlighting both benefits and challenges. Increased flexibility, reduced commuting time, and better work-life balance have generally contributed to higher job satisfaction for many employees. However, issues such as communication barriers, isolation, and difficulties in separating work from personal life can negatively affect productivity and mental well-being. The findings suggest that while WFH policies can enhance performance and morale when implemented effectively, they require careful planning, supportive management practices, and the right technological infrastructure. The study concludes with recommendations for organizations aiming to optimize remote work strategies to sustain employee engagement and operational efficiency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Work from home, Productivity, Job satisfaction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As we know that in 'Internal Combustion Engine' total heat supplied from fuel is not utilized to develop useful work. Out of total heat 20-30% heat is wasted in cooling medium such as water and 40-50% is wasted in exhaust gases. So, we have inherent scope to utilize this waste heat. In conventional system we are taking benefits of heat lost through exhaust gases with the help of turbocharger to supply compressed air to inlet manifold. So, there is no any system which uses heat wasted from cooling medium. With this paper, we tried to use that wasted heat from cooling medium for developing power with the help of turbine. In this system we are going to replace cooling water by appropriate refrigerant. Therefore, we are passing liquid refrigerant through cooling jacket of engine where this liquid refrigerant will absorb the heat from engine cylinder and get converted into vapour thus engine will get cooling effect. Therefore, we get vapour refrigerant with high temperature and pressure which would be useful to run a steam turbine. Before the turbine we used nozzle to convert pressure energy into kinetic energy in order to obtain required power from turbine. In the turbine the expansion of vapour refrigerant takes place and work get obtained from generator. The expanded refrigerant then further converted into liquid by passing through radiator/capillary tube. In radiator / capillary tube at proper pressure the refrigerant of vapour phase gets converted into liquid phase. This liquid refrigerant is further recycled for engine cooling (closed loop system). Thus, we have developed an efficient system for utilizing waste heat from cooling medium.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Waste Heat Recovery from IC Engine, Cooling Heat Recovery of IC Engine, Thermal Efficiency of IC engine, Overall efficiency of IC engine

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Surgical and chronic wounds often pose significant clinical challenges due to the risks of infection and delayed healing. While mupirocin is a widely used topical antibiotic effective against Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, it lacks direct wound-healing properties. Sucralfate, traditionally employed for gastrointestinal ulcers, has demonstrated potent wound-healing capabilities through mechanisms such as angiogenesis, epithelialisation, and the stimulation of local growth factors. Recent studies have investigated the synergistic benefits of combining sucralfate with mupirocin to enhance healing outcomes in various wound types. Clinical evidence has shown that this combination significantly improves healing rates in chronic ulcers compared to mupirocin alone (41.3% vs. 18.18%, P = 0.022). Although some findings remain context-dependent, in diabetic foot ulcers, the dual-action therapy offers notable advantages: infection control via mupirocin and tissue regeneration via sucralfate. In the context of surgical wounds, sucralfate provides a protective barrier over incisions, reducing mechanical irritation and enhancing local growth factor activity. These properties contribute to improved epithelial regeneration and reduced healing time in post-operative settings. Mechanistically, this combination addresses two critical aspects of wound care, making it a promising approach for both acute and chronic wound management. Further large-scale and multicenter trials are warranted to validate its efficacy across broader patient populations.

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 Keywords

Sucralfate, Mupirocin, Wound Healing, Angiogenesis, Surgical Site Infection, Chronic Ulcers, Combination Therapy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Any type of conflict, whether it is war, riots, ethnic strife, or armed conflict, comes from at least two groups involved in contesting powers, victories, and revengeful acts. In all of these conflicts, it is the male folk who initiate and actively get involved in the violent conflicts, resulting in damage, property loss, lives, and human atrocities in various dimensions. It has come to the serious observation that women and female genders have always been the softest and harshest targets for atrocities. Men often assume that a violent conflict gives them the opportunity and liberty to prey on women's bodies. Histories of violence from around the world have witnessed a wide scale of sexual violence against women, and even girls as minors are not being spared. The aftermath implications of violence seem to be reeling, as the internally displaced community, especially the female gender, faces more hardship than the male folk in the course of the proper rehabilitation and settlement process. The paper aims to present the intensity and nature of atrocities that women and girls have to go through in conflict violence, citing cases from international to North-East India contexts. It also wants to derive the reasons and motives behind the various types of sexual atrocities committed on women and girl children by the male folk. The paper will also analyze and list several hurdles and challenges that the female gender faced in the course of being an internally displaced community, as caused by the violent conflicts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Female Gender, Women & Girls, Sexual violence and atrocities, Conflicts and Violence, internally displaced people (IDP)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project introduces an AI-powered real-time video captioning system that enhances accessibility and engagement by leveraging Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to improve caption accuracy, synchronization, and multi-language support. This system will benefit content creators, educators, and enterprises.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ASR, NLP, Hugging Face Transformers, FastAPI, FFmpeg, PostgreSQL, Streamlit.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

At present the world is transforming very quickly, youth who are the future of the world are struggling to get adjusted to this transforming world. Youth are pressurized much from various aspects causing to stress. Hence the researcher felt to take up the experimental study to find the effectiveness of life skills training on ability to cope with stress among secondary school students. For the present study 84 secondary school students were chosen using multipurpose sampling technique. The research carried out by pre-test post-test experimental design was used. Researcher developed life skills training modules to give training for experimental group and given training find the significance difference between experimental group and control group pre-test and post-test scores. Analysis the result proper statistical techniques used. The result revealed that life skills training significantly impacted on experimental group.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Stress, Coping, Strategies, Emphasize, Experimental, Control

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Introduction: Customer satisfaction plays a crucial role in the success and sustainability of retail businesses, including small convenience stores such as Baqala stores. The objective of this study is to determine the level of customer satisfaction in baqala stores in Qatar. It explores customer satisfaction in the baqalas in terms of merchandise value, internal store environment, personal interaction, merchandise variety, and complaint handling. Methodology: This study utilized a quantitative descriptive design. A total of one hundred thirty-four (134) respondents in chosen baqala stores were gathered using convenience sampling. Results: Based on the data, baqala customers, when grouped according to age and sex, have a high level of satisfaction in personal interaction and merchandise variety, whereas internal store environment had the lowest satisfaction level. Discussion: No significant differences were found in the respondents' demographic profiles, particularly in terms of age and sex. Customer satisfaction in baqalas is generally high, with personal interaction being the most favorable dimension, while the internal store environment was rated the lowest. Recommendations: Based on the results, it is recommended that baqalas need to implement a structured marketing strategic plan that aligns with customer preferences to better serve their target market, meet customers' needs, and to further increase customer satisfaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Baqala; Convenience; Customer Satisfaction; Retail; In-Store Shopping

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The leafy green spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is high in nutrients and has a solid reputation for promoting general health. Rich in vital vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other bioactive substances, spinach can help prevent and treat a number of chronic illnesses, such as cancer, heart disease, and metabolic problems. This paper takes a close look at the biochemistry, nutritional makeup, and health benefits of spinach. It also explores how different factors such as food processing methods and bioavailability to impact its nutritional value. Special attention is given to the plant's metabolic pathways, enzymatic activities, and secondary metabolites that contribute to its therapeutic potential. Finally, the paper highlights the need for future research aimed at improving nutrient absorption and maximizing the health benefits of spinach through better agricultural and processing techniques.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nutritional, Bioavailability, Spinach, Chronic Illness, Enzymatic activities

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition