Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The National Educational Policy (NEP) of 2020 is the first of its kind to focus on the holistic development of an individual along with vocational education which marks a changing point in the Indian education system. This paper studied the awareness levels of students pursuing post graduate courses in the arts and the science disciplines about NEP 2020, and tries to analyze what factors shape their awareness. A structured questionnaire was designed to capture the various dimensions of the respondents' awareness which included general awareness, equity, inclusion, research, innovation, technology integration. Out of the 200 students sampled from HNB Garhwal University, a quantitative approach was taken to analyze their level of awareness towards NEP 2020 policies. The results differ for students that take postgraduate courses as they seem to be aware and accepting of these curriculum changes, but have not openly expressed concern of alignment of the educational policy with their academic objectives. This study focused on Indian education framework aims to understand how NEP 2020 will impact the existing structure and provide recommendations on how to optimize policy frameworks to better respond to the students' realities and demands.

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 Keywords

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, awareness, post graduate students, higher education, Indian education system.

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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into cybersecurity has significantly converted how associations approach trouble discovery and forestallment. Traditional styles frequently fall suddenly when dealing with sophisticated, fleetly evolving cyber pitfalls. This paper introduces a new prophetic modelling approach that leverages AI ways to descry and alleviate implicit pitfalls in real time, offering a more dynamic and intelligent result to ultramodern network security challenges. The proposed system utilizes machine literacy algorithms to dissect vast volumes of network business data, relating patterns that signify vicious conditioning similar as intrusions, malware propagation, and anomalies. By employing supervised literacy ways and continuously streamlining its models with new data, the system can directly read vulnerabilities and descry pitfalls before they escalate into full- scale attacks. This visionary approach enables briskly responses and further informed decision- timber. Through the emulsion of prophetic analytics and artificial intelligence, this exploration aims to establish a scalable, adaptive, and robust cybersecurity frame. The system not only enhances real- time trouble discovery but also contributes to long- term network adaptability by minimizing homemade intervention and optimizing resource application. Eventually, this work paves the way for the wide relinquishment of intelligent trouble discovery systems in both public and private sectors, icing stronger digital security in an decreasingly connected world.

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 Keywords

Predictive modelling, Network security, Artificial intelligence, Threat detection, Cybersecurity, Machine learning, Anomaly detection, Predictive analytics, Network traffic analysis, Cyber threats.

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The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically reshaped the educational landscape, bringing to the forefront the critical role of school teachers in ensuring the continuity of learning during an unprecedented global crisis. This article investigates the diverse contributions of educators during this challenging period, focusing on their adaptation to online teaching, provision of emotional support for students, and increased involvement in engaging with parents. It highlights how teachers swiftly embraced digital tools, despite limited experience, to facilitate remote learning. However, the pandemic also exposed significant challenges, including technological barriers, increased workloads, and mental health concerns among educators. These obstacles had a profound impact on teachers' well-being and their ability to maintain student engagement and academic performance. To address these challenges, the article offers policy recommendations for enhancing online education, emphasizing the need for improved internet connectivity, the provision of affordable devices, interactive learning platforms, and targeted training for both teachers and students. Regular assessments, support for mental health, and increased parental involvement were also critical components of the proposed policies. Data were collected from 20 school teachers through focus group discussions, which provided valuable insights into their personal experiences and challenges during the pandemic. By implementing these teacher-centered policies, the article argues that online education could be made more inclusive, sustainable, and effective. These strategies not only aimed to improve educational outcomes but also acknowledged the unique challenges faced by educators, ensuring a more resilient and equitable education system as schools transitioned into a post-pandemic future. Understanding and supporting teachers' experiences was crucial for fostering an education system that thrived amidst ongoing and future crises.

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 Keywords

COVID-19 pandemic, School teachers, online education, Educational resilience

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A customer's preference of a brand and loyalty to it is linked to the trust, satisfaction, awareness and the image that is associated with the brand. The research aims to explore the dynamics of brand loyalty within the green cosmetics sector, particularly among young consumers who are increasingly inclined towards sustainable products. This study highlights the importance of understanding various factors that influence brand loyalty and preference in this burgeoning industry. The findings of the research is brand image, brand satisfaction, brand trust and brand awareness. The study concludes that while brand image and satisfaction and awareness are vital for creating a preference for green brands, trust and awareness are pivotal for fostering loyalty. Brands in the green cosmetic industry should therefore focus on building trust and increasing consumer awareness to nurture long-term loyalty.

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 Keywords

Green Cosmetics, Brand Loyalty, Brand Image, Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust, Brand Awareness, Young Consumers, Trustworthiness, Transparency.

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In this project, we design an Automatic Foldable Chair which automatically unfolds when one comes close and folds when no one is around. The Arduino Uno acts as a central controller, and an ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) is used to sense the presence of a person in a certain range. It uses a Servo motor(SG-90 or alike) to active the mechanical movement of folding and unfolding the chair. Combining automation and practicality in a single solution such as homes, office & public space. While the project does indeed involve some more complex components, such as programming codes and training the Arduino to respond to specific stimuli, it also illustrates the potential for more simple sensory input responses in everyday domestic furniture. With these key features, the Automatic Adjustable Chair not only provides enhanced user interaction and usability but also saves space, making it a perfect fit in most places.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Readers have regarded Ralph Waldo Emerson's poem "The Sphinx" as an obscure and enigmatic poem since its publication in The Dial in January 1841. To the critic Francis Bowen, the poem "could be read backwards quite as intelligibly as forwards" (The North American Review 407) and Hyatt H. Waggoner has called the poem "bafflingly paradoxical" (118).There has been little consensus among the critics about the poem's meaning and its interpretation. "Who or What is the Sphinx? What riddle does the Sphinx pose? Does the poet succeed or fail in his reply to the Sphinx? Does the Sphinx accept or reject the poet's response?"( Reece 12). Thoreau suggested that the Sphinx was "man's insatiable and questioning spirit" (The Journal of Henry D. Thoreau 229) while Thomas R. Whitaker held it as "one"(184). George Woodberry identifies the Sphinx as "Nature" (171) while Charles Malloy as "the intellect"(275) .

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 Keywords

Sphinx, riddle, clue, puzzle

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This project presents the development of an AI-powered Pronunciation Enhancement Application designed to help users, particularly Indian English speakers, improve their spoken English through real-time feedback and personalized insights. This project uses an Indian-English fine-tuned Wav2Vec2 for live speech recognition , performs phoneme-level correctness , word level correctness also the system identifies pronunciation errors and highlights areas for improvement by providing insights . The application is built using a Flask backend and a React.js frontend, ensuring a responsive and interactive user experience. Key features include real-time transcription, audio comparison with ideal pronunciations using ElevenLabs TTS, multilingual support, and dynamically adjusted practice difficulty. The backend also delivers detailed performance metrics and session insights, which are visually interpreted on the client side. By integrating advanced AI models with intuitive web technologies, this system offers an engaging and accessible tool for users seeking to refine their pronunciation skills. The project was successfully tested meeting its core aspects , which is to be a enhanced web application for pronunciation improvement for non-native speakers.

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Pronunciation Enhancement, Wav2Vec2, Phoneme Analysis, ElevenLabs TTS, Flask, React.js.

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Abstract: The world economy is becoming progressively knowledge driven, and intellectual capital is considered to be the major driver that affords organizations a competitive lead. In such a situation, turnover among highly-productive, key employees can be costly. Employers often consider various measures for reducing turnover cost which consists of hiring, recruiting and selecting the employees, besides methods of engaging the selected employees meaningfully. Available research provides ample evidence connecting job satisfaction to reduction in employee to turnover. Ali (2009), Kamasak (2010), and Kumar & Gupta (2013) suggest that job satisfaction has a correlation with the turnover intention of the employee. This inverse correlation starts with the thinking of quitting, seeking for a new job, and the last is moving out of the job once the employee has found a better opportunity. Eisenberger et al. (1990) argued that employees who feel that they are being appreciated by their supervisors or managers, not only have an elevated degree of commitment, they are also more conscious of the responsibilities vested on them, have better involvement in the organization, and are more active and innovative. Hence, such appreciation shown by managers will cause lesser turnover intention. Besides job satisfaction, and commitment, contemporary research throws light on the construct of job embeddedness as a determinant of employee turnover. Job embeddedness comprises of the links an employee has with the job and the organization and other factors in the work space, the employee's fit with the organization and community, and how much an employees is ready to sacrifice to change jobs (Lee et al., 2004; Holtom & Inderrieden, 2006). This study aims to investigate and find out the influences of three distinct factors like job commitment, job satisfaction, job embeddedness which are taken as our independent variables on two dependent variables, turnover intent and job search behavior of an employee. We have selected the banking industry as the field of our study in view of the fact that banking being one of the service oriented industries where people are considered to be the most valuable assets, erosion of this asset will tell upon the whole banking sector. Banks with progressive thinking are already looking for ways to leverage their human resources, along with other processes and technology, to reach their objectives. With the gradual change in employee expectations, organizations are forced to place greater emphasis on talent management and practices (Marie-Antoinette van Zyl, 2011). Moreover, with the introduction of special initiatives for financial inclusion and as a post-demonetization effect, employees at both public and private sector banks are exposed to prolonged working hours with work pressure. A primary survey was conducted on the employees of various private as well as public sector banks in and around Kolkata. There are a total of 80 questionnaires selected from 100 questionnaires that were distributed at the chosen organizations on the basis of which the paper has attempted to diagnose any kind of relationship that might exist between the individual factors that are taken into consideration.

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 Keywords

job commitment, job embeddedness, turnover intent, job satisfaction, job search behavior

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This research examines the financial performance of Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC) over a period of five years (2019-2024), highlighting liquidity, profitability, solvency, and activity measures. Ratio analysis was used to explain financial well-being, business efficiency, and long-term sustainability. The findings reflect steady liquidity and profitability with good asset use but excessive reliance on long-term debt. Recommendations are made to improve financial effectiveness and strategic management.

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Financial Performance, Ratio Analysis, IRFC, Liquidity, Profitability, Solvency, Asset Utilization.

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As parents, it's essential to actively monitor your child's hydration. This can mean offering fluids at regular intervals, especially if your child is too young or too distracted to ask for water themselves. Educating your kids about the importance of drinking water and recognizing the signs of dehydration is also crucial.

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 Keywords

DEHYDRATION. PREVENTION. FLUID REPLACEMENT

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