Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Drug is any chemical substance derived from plants, animals or mineral resources, be it traditional or orthodox which is used for internal application to the human body in the treatment of diseases, reduce pain or modify the functions of the various system of the body. Excessive Usage of these Drugs without the prescription from the doctors is called as Drug Addiction. The Drug Addiction has been on a steady rise over the past few years amongst students.The excessive addiction of drugs amongst students is making students dull and they tendtolosetheircharacters.Studentsaresoaddictedtodrugsnowadays.TheGovernmentand educational institutions are taking many serious measures to stop the usage of these drugs amongst students.This study shows the influence of drugs on college students in Coimbatore City.

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 Keywords

Drugs,Addiction,Student,DrugAbuse

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rapid urbanization and increased traffic congestion make it difficult for emergency vehicles to navigate crowded areas, causing delays that can be life-threatening. Traditional traffic systems rely on static infrastructure, which lacks real-time adaptability. This project proposes an IoT and AI-driven system that uses sensors and deep learning algorithms to monitor traffic density and detect emergency vehicles. It dynamically adjusts lanes to create clear paths, activating road changes through a microcontroller-based unit like Arduino or Raspberry Pi.The system also includes LED indicators, audio alerts, and digital screens on traffic signals to guide drivers. IoT integration allows cloud-based data processing and remote monitoring, enabling real-time optimization of emergency paths. By automating traffic management, this system reduces response times and enhances overall efficiency, contributing to smart city goals with a more adaptive, intelligent approach to urban traffic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Emergency lane system,Traffic management,IoT, CNN-based vehicle detection&Smart road infrastructure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agricultural waste burning represents a significant environmental challenge in rural areas, particularly during harvesting seasons, and constitutes a major source of air pollution. This study investigates the extent and implications of air pollution resulting from crop residue burning, examining its effects on human health, environmental sustainability, and agricultural productivity. The combustion of agricultural waste releases numerous pollutants into the atmosphere, including particulate matter (PM?.? and PM??), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO?), sulfur dioxide (SO?), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all of which significantly degrade air quality [1]. Beyond contributing to air pollution, this practice increases greenhouse gas emissions, reduces soil fertility, and disrupts local ecosystems [2]. This paper explores the underlying causes of agricultural waste burning, assesses its multifaceted consequences, and proposes evidence-based mitigation strategies, including alternative waste management approaches, improved agricultural practices, and policy interventions. Our findings emphasize the urgent need for comprehensive approaches to address this critical environmental and public health challenge facing rural communities worldwide.

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 Keywords

Crop residue burning, Air pollution, Sustainable agriculture, Ecosystem disruption, Mitigation strategies, Rural health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered considerable attention owing to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics and extensive applicability across biological, environmental, and industrial domains. Conventional techniques for AgNP production often use hazardous compounds, prompting apprehensions about toxicity and environmental consequences. Green synthesis offers a sustainable alternative by using biological sources, including plant extracts, fungus, bacteria, and biomolecules, to facilitate nanoparticle creation. This method employs an environmentally sustainable process in which natural phytochemicals and microbial enzymes serve as reducing and stabilizing agents, guaranteeing biocompatibility and improved functioning. The characterization of green-synthesized AgNPs employs techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to assess structural integrity, morphology, and stability. These nanoparticles have numerous uses in medicine, catalysis, water purification, food packaging, and sensor technologies, underscoring their significance in breakthroughs in nanotechnology. Notwithstanding their promise, obstacles like scalability, repeatability, and mechanistic optimization persist, requiring more study to enhance synthesis techniques and broaden transdisciplinary applications. This study offers a thorough examination of the processes, characterisation, and applications of green-synthesized AgNPs, highlighting their importance in sustainable science and technology.

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Bioreduction, Eco-friendly nanotechnology, Nanoparticle characterization, Biomedical applications

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Text summarization continues to be a challenging task--how do we capture the essence of a long document in just a few sentences, without losing meaning or introducing errors? In this work, we present a hybrid approach that combines the strengths of both extractive and abstractive summarization, striking a balance between factual accuracy and natural language generation. Our method starts by selecting important sentences using a KL-divergence-based technique, which helps ensure the summary remains grounded in the original content. These selected sentences are then passed to a fine-tuned T5 model, known for its ability to generate fluent, coherent summaries. To further enhance performance, we apply reinforcement learning that guides the model to optimize its output based on ROUGE scores. This three-stage process leads to summaries that are not only readable but also more aligned with the core information in the source text. We evaluate our approach on several benchmark datasets and observe notable improvements over standard baselines. Overall, this work shows that a thoughtfully designed hybrid method--leveraging statistical grounding and neural fluency--can produce high-quality summaries. Future directions include exploring different ways to measure summary quality and adapting the approach to new domains and languages.

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Text Summarization, Hybrid Summarization, Extractive Summarization, Abstractive Summarization, Kullback-Leibler Divergence, BART, Reinforcement Learning, ROUGE.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In India, sexuality, sexual movements, and queer identities are closely tied to Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, a colonial-era law imposed by the British in 1860 to criminalize same-sex relationships. This law suppressed India's historically diverse approach to sexuality, which included acceptance of same-sex love in ancient texts and poetry. The paper explores how Section 377, rooted in Victorian morality, erased India's rich sexual traditions, with its impact still felt today. While the Delhi High Court partially decriminalized certain aspects of Section 377 in 2009, the Supreme Court reinstated it in 2013, intensifying the fight for sexual rights. The LGBTQIA+ movement in India gained momentum in the 1990s, driven by organizations like ABVA and the Naz Foundation, with international NGOs playing a key role. However, this movement often sidelined poorer and more diverse queer identities, influenced by Western perspectives. The 2018 Supreme Court ruling decriminalizing same-sex relations was a major legal victory, but the paper argues that it has not led to full societal acceptance or equality. Challenges such as workplace discrimination, lack of mental health support, and cultural stigma persist. The paper concludes that true equality in India requires more than legal reform; it demands a shift in social attitudes and structural changes to support marginalized queer identities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Section 377, LGBTQIA+ rights, Colonialism and sexuality, Queer identities, Decriminalization, Social acceptance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study examined the relationships between stoicism, social comparison, and mental well-being among North Indian college students, while also considering differences across gender, education level, and spiritual or religious beliefs. Contrary to expectations, stoicism did not significantly predict mental well-being or social comparison, and no mediation effect was observed. However, non-binary participants reported significantly higher stoicism scores than their male and female counterparts, suggesting that stoicism may function as a coping response to minority stress in this population. These findings highlight the need to critically evaluate the cultural validity of Western psychological measures and underscore the importance of intersectional and context-sensitive approaches to mental health research in non-Western populations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Stoicism, Social Comparison Theory, Mental Well-Being, Psychological Resilience, Emotional Regulation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Controlling a blast furnace in real time is exceptionally demanding: the furnace's internal temperature, pressure, and gas flows shift constantly, and even slight deviations can push the silicon content outside of acceptable limits or force emergency shutdowns. Traditional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models provide detailed spatial snapshots of these conditions, but each simulation can take hours or days--far too slow to guide minute-to-minute adjustments on the plant floor. Two algorithms are ensembled to balance accuracy and interpretability. Deployed on a cloud platform, the system processes live sensor feeds and delivers new predictions in under a minute via a web dashboard. Early pilot results indicate a 5-10% boost in throughput, a 7% cut in fuel use, and a notable reduction in CO? emissions, demonstrating that real-time, explainable machine learning can both accelerate decision-making and promote greener steelmaking.

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Blast Furnace, Machine Learning, CFD Simulation, XGBoost, Real-Time Prediction, Intelligent Ironmaking Systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rural artisans in India and Karnataka have played a significant role in the economic and cultural background of the society since ancient times. Handicraft skills like weaving, carpet making, wood carving, clay and metal work have been a source of folk heritage and livelihood. However, modernization, industrialization, globalization and technology-based modern production methods have posed many challenges to their lives and businesses. Shortage of raw materials, lack of direct access to the market, over-prevalence of middlemen, financial difficulties, lack of interest of the younger generation and lack of institutional support are the major challenges. This study analyzes the available literature on the change, continuity and revival efforts of rural artisans in India and Karnataka. The diversity of these professions and the severity of the problems they face are evident through the examples from different states. The study also examines the effectiveness of projects undertaken by researchers and policymakers to preserve and revitalize these professions in the present era. The focus of this study is on the belief that the innovative power of rural artisans, combining the skills, creativity, and heritage of rural artisans with modern technology and marketing, can pave the way for building a sustainable rural economy.

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 Keywords

Rural Artisans, Traditional Professions, Modernization and Renewal, Market Challenges, Economic Situation, Entrepreneurship, Cultural Heritage, Impact Of Globalization, Cooperation and Support System, Career Continuity and Change.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the intricate processes of identity construction in the war memoirs - Malala Yousafzai's I Am Malala and Ishmael Beah's A Long Way Gone. By analyzing their personal narratives, the research examines how experiences of violence, displacement, and resilience shape selfhood. Drawing on theories of trauma, postcolonialism, and narrative identity, the study highlights how these memoirs function both as testimonies and as acts of self-definition. It argues that the fragmentation caused by conflict is not only a site of trauma but also a foundation upon which new identities are built. Through comparative textual analysis, this paper uncovers how memory, culture, and the global discourse on war influence the formation and articulation of identity in youth caught in conflict.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Identity construction, war memoirs, trauma narrative, postcolonialism, youth and conflict, narrative identity, autobiography, memory and resilience

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition