Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Personal finance is a skill set that every people should have in their life. It gives financial freedom and financial security for future. It should be indulged in everybody's life style to check their daily expenditure, should know where they are over spending. If everybody asks themselves that, is it really necessary to spend before making any financial decision, they can save a lot of money from unnecessary spending. People with limited income should make their financial plan accordingly and they should have proper budget for every expenditure. It will be better if they are able to maintain monthly budget for their expenses. It will give them a target rather a blue print of their spending. So, this will help to create a clear understanding of their savings. Savings of money is not enough for future financial freedom; it should be invested accordingly for future wealth creation. In this study, college teachers' spending and investing behavior has been studied and it has been found that they are spending maximum portion of their income to satisfy their basic needs followed by medical expenditure. In investment portion, they are choosing secured financial instruments which brings assured return in future which helps them to meet their future obligations after retirement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

FD, PPF, Mutual Fund, Share Market, Personal Finance, Investment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This review aims to assess the knowledge on the effects of plastics. METHODS: A search strategy was built to identify the impact of plastic pollution in environment and health in two databases- PubMed & Google Scholar. After applying inclusion exclusion criteria & critical reading, n=20 studies were selected for literature review. RESULT: Majority of the respondents were having high level knowledge about plastic hazards and plastic usage. CONCLUSION: Overall knowledge regarding effects of plastics is good and majority were in favour to strictly enforce the ban on usage of single use plastics. The study observed that plastic bags were frequently used among the single use plastics items as it cost free price.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Single use plastic, Pollution, Plastic ban

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fire-Fighting is an extremely dangerous task but still often being carried out by human operators, thus putting human life, invaluable as it is, in a very precarious situation. In Industry oil and many other inflammable materials are used for production and other industrial purposes. Under such conditions the chance of fire accidents is more. So a suitable protective measure to extinguish the fire in case of fire accidents within the workplace should be employed. Today robotics is one of the fastest growing engineering fields and they are designed to remove the human factor from labor and dangerous work. The use of robots is more common today than ever before and Fire extinguisher robot becomes essential to protect the human life. Robot is a device, which performs human task or behave like a human-being. It needs expertise skills and complex programming to design. For designing a fire fighter robot, many sensors and motors were used [4]. The robot can detect and extinguish a fire by itself. Fire Fighting is a very dangerous task, and it involves working in a dangerous environment comprising of dense smoke, oxygen deficient atmosphere and elevated temperatures etc. Most of Fire Fighters suffer serious burn injuries, dense smoke obscures their vision [3]. There are several possibilities of fire in any remote area or in an industry. In worst cases scenario, fire causes heavy loses both financially and by taking lives, robotics is the best possible way to guard human lives, a fire-fighting robot is designed and built with an embedded system The use of robots is one of the alternative mediums for reducing fireman casualties and enhancing fireman capabilities. The robot is designed in such a way that it searches fire and tries to extinguish it. Hence in this work, A Novel Fire Fighting Robot with Arduino is presented.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Firefighting robot, flame sensor, Arduino Uno, Dc submersible pump

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, the 17th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, assumed office in 2019 with a strong electoral mandate and a welfare-centric vision inspired by his father's legacy, Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy. His tenure marked a significant shift in governance strategy, emphasizing inclusive development through flagship schemes under the "Navaratnalu" umbrella. Initiatives such as Amma Vodi, YSR Rythu Bharosa, Vidya Deevena, and Arogya Sri have redefined social welfare delivery by utilizing technology-enabled direct benefit transfers (DBT) to reduce corruption and effectively reach marginalized communities. While his government garnered praise for its extensive welfare outreach, it also faced significant challenges--from fiscal stress and industrial slowdown to the controversial threecapital proposal, which sparked widespread protests and legal battles. The COVID-19 pandemic further strained the administration's capacity, revealing gaps in public health infrastructure and economic resilience. This paper examines Jagan Mohan Reddy's governance model by analyzing his achievements, structural challenges, and political controversies. It further explores the broader implications of welfare populism, administrative centralization, and allegations of institutional misuse. Through this lens, the study offers insights into the complexities of contemporary state-level leadership in India and evaluates the sustainability of a welfare-first development model.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Welfare Governance, YSR Congress, Navaratnalu, Three Capitals, Public Policy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In today's digital era, organizations are increasingly challenged to protect a diverse, remote workforce while still providing seamless access to essential resources. Employees working from various global locations often face risks such as insecure home networks, inconsistent device security measures, and potential insider threats, which make traditional perimeter-based defenses obsolete. In response, the Zero Trust Network Access Management Tool redefines network security by discarding the conventional notion of a trusted perimeter. Instead, it enforces continuous, rigorous authentication for every user and device. By integrating adaptive security policies, real-time threat detection, and granular access controls, the tool not only addresses existing vulnerabilities but also anticipates emerging risks. This comprehensive, agile defense strategy empowers organizations to secure their digital assets effectively while fostering a flexible and productive work environment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Zero Trust, Network Security, Remote Work, Access Management, Multi Factor Authentication, Context-Aware Access Control

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Reading comprehension is crucial for engineering students, given the complexity of technical texts, academic research, and problem-solving tasks. However, many students struggle to extract, analyze, and retain information effectively from dense technical materials. This study investigates the SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) method as a structured strategy to enhance reading comprehension among engineering students. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving control and experimental groups of engineering undergraduates. The experimental group received structured SQ3R training, while the control group followed conventional reading strategies. Data collection included pre-test and post-test assessments, comprehension exercises, and qualitative feedback. Results indicate a significant improvement in comprehension accuracy, concept retention, and efficiency in reading technical content among students trained in SQ3R. This study highlights the adaptability of SQ3R for STEM disciplines and its potential to foster self-regulated learning. Findings support integrating evidence-based reading strategies into engineering curricula to improve student engagement with complex academic material.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

SQ3R Method, Reading Comprehension, Engineering Education, Technical Texts, Active Learning

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The process of becoming older, a process that is genetically determined and environmentally modulated Physical Effect of ageing. It is special effects in which changes occurs in the body of women due to growing age such as vision, hearing, skin, muscles and bone change. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge regarding effects of ageing on physical health among women above 45 years in selected community, District Ludhiana, Punjab. A total 100 sample of women above 45 years was selected by non-probability sampling technique. A self-structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of people regarding effects of ageing on physical health among women above 45 years. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and presented through tables and figure. The knowledge score of people regarding effects of ageing on physical health among women above 45 years was average. The study findings showed that 4% women having good knowledge related to effects of ageing on physical health, 58% women having average knowledge and only 38% women having poor knowledge related to effects of ageing on physical health. The knowledge among women above 45 years regarding effects of ageing on physical health was average. The study can be repeated on the large-scale sample to validate and for better generalization of findings. Comparative study may be conducted to find out the similarities or differences between the knowledge of urban and rural people.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Knowledge, Physical Effects, ageing, women above 45 years

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One of the deadliest industrial disasters in history, the Bhopal Gas Tragedy of 1984, took thousands of lives and permanently affected the health and ecology of the city. Although the immediate destruction was unparalleled, an equally concerning catastrophe still develops in its wake: the ongoing danger from the hazardous waste still kept in the abandoned Union Carbide factory. More than 300 tonnes of dangerous chemical waste remain untreated over three decades later, leaking into the soil and polluting groundwater, which is the main water source for close by villages. Emphasizing the systematic failures in waste management, business responsibility, and government reaction, this article investigates the environmental and human rights consequences of the continuing pollution. It highlights the lived experiences of impacted people, many of whom battle chronic diseases, congenital abnormalities, and reproductive problems. Prolonged exposure to harmful chemicals causes many illnesses directly; poverty, lack of healthcare access, and bureaucratic indifference exacerbate this problem. The report emphasizes the pressing need for sustained remediation and justice for survivors by means of legal actions, administrative judgments, and community resistance activities. It also looks at how industrial disasters in the Global South are addressed by environmental law, public interest litigation, and international campaigning. Far from being a closed chapter, the Bhopal disaster is a sad reminder of the long-term effects of industrial irresponsibility and the need of environmental justice systems that give human health and dignity top priority. This paper advocates a revived worldwide dedication to corporate accountability, environmental restoration, and the empowerment of impacted communities in decision-making processes by investigating the "toxic shadows" of Bhopal.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

bhopal gas tragedy, environment, Union Carbide, industrial waste

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid rise of the gig economy has brought significant attention to the occupational experiences of food delivery employees. This study aims to examine the impact of occupational stress on the emotional well-being of food delivery employees, with special reference to Coimbatore City. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 160 respondents. The findings reveal that a majority of employees experience moderate to high levels of stress, with factors such as financial insecurity, poor work-life balance, and limited support systems contributing to emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and social isolation. These insights are crucial for policymakers and platform-based companies aiming to create a sustainable and supportive working environment for delivery personnel in urban areas like Coimbatore.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Food delivery employees, Occupational stress, Emotional well-being, Coimbatore City, Work-life balance, Financial insecurity, Emotional exhaustion, Anxiety, Social isolation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Migraine is one of the most common type of headache worldwide. Mostly it's seen that the pain and associated physical symptoms of migraine are a major concern for its management. What we often overlook is the impact of migraine on a person's daily activities, sleep pattern, and mental health; that substantially affects the quality of life and adds to disability for people with migraine.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Migraine, Neuropsychiatric aspects, Quality of life, Disability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition