Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Alum is also known as the "Potash Alum" It is a naturally occurring compound known for its astringent, antiseptic, and hemostatic properties. Although traditionally used in medicine, alum has recently studied the possibility of wound-healing action, especially in the case of mouth ulcers. Its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerating properties help it speed up recovery; therefore, it is a great medication. By comparing their potency with traditional therapies, this review analyses alum-based medicines' chemical composition, pharmacological action, dosage forms, and commercial formulations. Using mechanisms such as protein coagulation, vasoconstriction, bacterial inhibition, and epithelial regeneration, alum helps in damage control, blood reduction, and better tissue repair. Although it has many advantages, alum should be handled carefully since long-term use of alum raises possibilities of irritability and toxicity. Although historical evidence and early research suggest its effectiveness, more clinical trials are needed to set standard guidelines for secure and ideal applications. Alum-based treatments in wound care and oral medicine might have even better therapeutic value in the future with such developments as nano-formulations and bioactive enhancement.

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 Keywords

Alum, Hemostatic, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial Properties, Nanoformulations, Bioactive Enhancement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Paan Masala poses persistent hygiene, health, and aesthetic challenges in Indian cities, imposing substantial cleaning costs. Existing manual enforcement under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan remains inefficient and unsustainable. This paper proposes Swachh AI, an AI-based real-time surveillance and enforcement system for detecting public spitting incidents and identifying offenders. The system integrates (i) a YOLOv11-based instance segmentation model to detect spitting actions with pixel-level accuracy, and (ii) an OCR-based license plate recognition module for offender identification. Together, these modules enable automated evidence capture, offender tracking, and data logging for civic enforcement. Swachh AI is designed for modular integration, scalability, and privacy compliance, suitable for deployment in smart cities and public infrastructure. Experimental evaluations demonstrate high detection accuracy in varied outdoor conditions, affirming its potential for scalable urban hygiene management.

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 Keywords

Spitting detection, YOLOv11, instance segmentation, OCR, license plate recognition, public hygiene, AI surveillance, smart cities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Human activity detection for video surveillance system is an automated way of processing video sequences and making an intelligent decision about the actions in the video. It is one of the growing areas of Computer vision and artificial intelligence. Suspicious Human Activity Detection is the process of detecting unwanted human activities in a crowded place and alerting the concerned authority about the activity. This is done by converting video into frames and analyzing the persons and their activities from the processed frames. This paper gives an overall idea of the development of the system that detects suspicious human activities.

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 Keywords

Suspicious crowd behavior, Video surveillance, Transfer learning, Anomaly detection, Computer vision

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Food waste reduction, as a major application area of the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data technologies, has become one of the most pressing issues. In recent years, there has been an unprecedented increase in food waste, which has had a negative impact on economic growth in many countries. Food waste has also caused serious environmental problems. Agricultural production, post-harvest handling, and storage, as well as food processing, distribution, and consumption, can all lead to food wastage. This wastage is primarily caused by inefficiencies in the food supply chain and a lack of information at each stage of the food cycle. In order to minimize such effects, the Internet of Things, data science, and various management models are used to reduce food waste in food supply chains. This paper provides a comprehensive review of IoT and data science based food waste management models, algorithms, and technologies with the aim of improving resource efficiency and highlights the key challenges and opportunities for future research. Food waste has become a critical global challenge, with significant economic, environmental, and social implications. This project focuses on developing a data-driven solution for food menu recommendation and waste management using data science. By leveraging historical data and predictive analytics, the system aims to optimize food utilization and minimize waste at the household and organizational levels. Machine learning models are employed for predicting waste and recommending efficient menus based on consumption patterns, ensuring resource efficiency and sustainability. This project presents a comprehensive solution to improve decision-making in food management while reducing waste.

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 Keywords

Food waste reduction Internet of Things (IoT) Data science Predictive analytics Machine learning Food supply chain optimization Resource efficiency Menu recommendation systems Waste management Consumption pattern analysis Sustainability Food utilization Decision support systems

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 Abstract

Education sector is the main pillar of social development of any Nation throughout the world wise. Teachers have a critical role in the development and transformation of the educational system and society as a whole. They functioned as a focal point for intentional, meaningful, and successful teaching and learning. The present study was planned to examine the relationship between Self-Esteem and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of teachers to Build Stronger Educational Environment. A purposive sample of 200 post graduate Government school teachers was taken in present study. A correlational research design was used to examine the relationship between Self-Esteem and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of teachers. Self-esteem scale by Rosenberg (1979) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour scale by Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, and Fetter (1990) was used in present study. Correlational coefficient result of the study showed a significant positive relationship between Self-Esteem and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among school teachers. Results of the study revealed that more the teacher have self-esteem; also have high overall and various dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviour e.g. altruism, Conscientiousness, Sportsmanship, Courtesy and Civic Virtue. Present study suggested that if teachers were having more positive beliefs and appraisals about oneself are more efficacious and concerned about and connected or attached to their schools/ institutions.

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 Keywords

Self-Esteem, Organizational Citizenship Behavior altruism, Conscientiousness, Sportsmanship, Courtesy and Civic Virtue.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate or IP6) is a biochemical compound found abundantly in seeds, grains, and legumes. It plays multiple important role in plants such as in metabolism, defense, tolerance towards stress, including its crucial importance in phosphorus storage and germination of seed. Inspite of its significant potential in plants, phytic acid is not considered as favourable for animal and human nutrition due to its chelating interaction with minerals. This review intend to explore the biological importance of phytic acid in plants and environment as well associated challenges.

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phytate, antinutrient, chelate, pronutrient, bioavailability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

bearings are vital components in rotating machinery, significantly impacting performance and reliability. As machines operate under increasingly demanding conditions, bearings must withstand higher loads and temperatures. However, these conditions can lead to increased vibration, accelerating fatigue failure. There are two primary types of bearings: radial hydrodynamic bearings, which rely on fluid film lubrication, and hydrostatic bearings, which utilize external pressure. Hydrodynamic bearings operate under elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication conditions, while journal bearings are prone to self-induced vibrations due to radial clearance. To ensure reliable operation, monitoring bearing performance is crucial. Vibration analysis has emerged as a popular method for detecting potential issues and predicting bearing health. This study focuses on the vibration and tribological analysis of various bearings.

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 Keywords

Vibration Analysis, Tribological Analysis, FFT Analyzer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Pradhan Mantri Yojana (PMY) encompasses a series of visionary welfare schemes launched by the Government of India under the leadership of the Prime Minister to address critical socio-economic challenges and promote inclusive growth. These schemes are designed to uplift various sections of society, particularly the poor, marginalized, and underprivileged, by providing them with access to basic necessities, financial support, and opportunities for self-reliance. A few of the major initiatives under this umbrella include the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), which promotes financial inclusion by offering banking services to the unbanked population; India accounts for about 20% of the global count of those living on less than 1$ a person per day, so that what happen in india only a reflection of world wide trends, one of there major determinants. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), which ensures clean cooking fuel access to below poverty line households; and Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN), offering direct income support to farmers to ease their financial burden. Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) aims at providing health insurance coverage to economically vulnerable families. The holistic approach of these schemes reflects the government's commitment to "Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas." These programs not only enhance the standard of living but also contribute to national development by empowering citizens through financial, social, and infrastructural support.

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Pradhan mantri awas yojana, rural development, housing scheme, Indra Awas Yojana

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Due to the growing acceptance of cloud computing, both consumers and businesses are quickly adopting cloud services for a variety of purposes. The primary driver behind this change is the abundance of advantages that cloud services offer, like cheap prices, processing power, and online storage. One of the key ideas when discussing storage devices, which serve as the foundation of the cloud infrastructure, is data recovery. Customers' private or confidential data can be recovered via data recovery techniques by someone who has access to such servers or devices, even after the customers have erased it from the cloud. Users' privacy is compromised and there is a security risk when such data is rebuilt. From the user's perspective, the data has already been removed from the cloud, but they are unaware that somebody else has access to it even after they have gained access. In this research, we investigate the potential security risk associated with users using data recovery tools on cloud servers after they have erased their data. Rename is a straightforward technique that we have suggested be used to solve this issue.

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Keywords: Cloud computing, Data recovery, Data security, Security issues, Cloud reconstruction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Water assets are fundamental for supporting life, farming, businesses, and environments. Be that as it may, the developing weights of expanding populace, fast urbanization, and climate alter are straining the existing water framework. Precise determining of future water requests and a comprehensive evaluation of store capacity capacities are pivotal for successful water administration. Without these experiences, choice producers battle to arrange for maintainable advancement and relieve the dangers related with water shortage and extraordinary climate occasions. This venture centers on creating a prescient model that coordinating authentic information, climate projections, populace development patterns, and agrarian hones to figure future water necessities. It too assesses the supply capacity capacities and distinguishes potential holes and related dangers. By leveraging progressed information analytics and machine learning methods, this framework gives noteworthy experiences for policymakers, empowering proactive arranging and productive water asset administration. The Prescient Demonstrate for Water Emergency Administration particularly addresses challenges, such as extraordinary dry spells, wasteful supply administration, and eccentric climate designs. By combining vigorous data-driven strategies and user-friendly devices, the demonstrate points to guarantee feasible and strong water-management hones.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Water requirement, ARIMA Model, Machine Learning, water capacity, LSTM, future water requirement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition